In this report, we propose a metal-metal core-shell nanocube (NC) as an advanced plasmonic material for highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). We covered Au core with thin Ag shell scattering enhancer to build Au@Ag NCs, which showed stronger efficiency than nanoparticles (AuNPs) throughout the visible range. Highly were fabricated by embedding NCs into anodic buffer layer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), and power conversion was enhanced 6.3% from...

In this report, plasmonic effects in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) are systematically analyzed using size-controlled silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, diameter: 10 ~ 100 nm), which were incorporated into the anodic buffer layer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The optical properties of AgNPs tuned by size considerably influence performance levels devices. power conversion efficiency (PCE) was increased from 6.4% to 7.6%...

The tuning of interfacial properties at selective and desired locations on the particles is great importance to create novel structured by breaking symmetry their surface property. Herein, a dramatic transition both external shape internal morphology polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) was induced precise positioning size-controlled Au nanoparticle surfactants (Au NPs). size-dependent assembly NPs localized preferentially interface between P4VP domain particle surrounding water,...

Telomerase has attracted much attention as a universal cancer biomarker because telomerase is overexpressed in more than 85% of human cells while suppressed normal somatic cells. Since strong association exists between activity and cancers, the development effective assay critically important. Here, nanogap‐rich Au nanowire (NW) surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor reported for detection various tissues. The NWs are constructed by deposition nanoparticles on single‐crystalline...

The realization of lasers as small possible has been one the long-standing goals laser physics and quantum optics communities. Among multitudes recent cavities, one-dimensional nanobeam cavity actively investigated most attractive candidates for effective photon confinement thanks to its simple geometry. However, current injection into ultra-small nano-resonator without critically degrading quality factor remains still unanswered. Here we report an electrically driven, one-dimensional,...

We explore the shape-dependent light scattering properties of silicon (Si) nanoblocks and their physical origin. These high-refractive-index nanostructures are easily fabricated using planar fabrication technologies support strong, leaky-mode resonances that enable manipulation beyond optical diffraction limit. Dark-field microscopy a numerical modal analysis show can be viewed as truncated Si waveguides, waveguide dispersion strongly controls resonant properties. This explains why...

In this paper, we report and discuss our successful synthesis of monodispersed, polystyrene-coated gold core-shell nanoparticles (Au@PS NPs) for use in highly efficient, air-stable, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) photovoltaics (OPVs). These NPs retain the dual functions (1) plasmonic effect Au core (2) stability solvent resistance cross-linked PS shell. The monodispersed Au@PS were incorporated into a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film that was...

We propose a full three-dimensional subwavelength surface-plasmon-polariton cavity based on metal-coated dielectric nanowire with an axial heterostructure. Surface plasmon-polaritons are strongly confined at the nanowire-metal interface sandwiched by effective plasmonic mirror that consists of lower-index core and metal shell. Numerical simulations show for <50 × 50 40 nm3 (mode volume, V ∼ 10−5 μm3) quality factor, Q, >36000 is achieved 20 K. This ultrasmall can be used as emitter or laser...

Integrated optical modulators (IOMs) are crucial components of on-chip photonic circuits. However, most conventional IOMs restricted to specific spectral bands. Here, we leveraged the wide transparency window lithium niobate in conjunction with two-pulley coupled resonator method. This approach led development a hyperband electro-optic (EO) modulator that operates over an expansive range from 775 1550 nm on single device. The demonstrated EO exhibits half-wave voltage-length products 0.25,...

Two-dimensional high-index-contrast dielectric gratings exhibit unconventional transmission and reflection due to their morphologies. For light-emitting devices, these characteristics help guided modes defeat total internal reflections, thereby enhancing the outcoupling efficiency into an ambient medium. However, ability is typically impeded by limited index contrast given pattern media. Here, we report strong-diffraction, cavity engineered substrates (CESs) in which hexagonally arranged...

Abstract Topological defects in liquid crystal (LC) phases have been considered critical from the areas topology and self‐assembly, as well applications such optical vortex generation, particle manipulation system, template for material micropatterning. An approach generating modulating various patterns of LC is presented a single cell by varying electrode configurations. Periodic defect arrays including −1 topological nematic phase can be achieved simply adjusting crossed electrodes....

We demonstrate room-temperature low-threshold-current lasing action from electrically driven wavelength-scale high-quality photonic crystal lasers having large spontaneous emission factors by solving the theoretical and technical constraints laid upon additional requirement of current injection. The ultrasmall cavity is pulse pumped through a submicron-size semiconductor "wire" at center mode with minimal degradation quality factor. In addition, to better utilize low mobility hole, we employ...

The authors report an electrically driven, hexapole mode, single-cell photonic crystal laser operating at 1537.8nm. Electrical current is supplied through a submicrometer-sized post beneath the cavity center. This wavelength-scale operates in single mode with threshold of ∼100μA room temperature. Operation confirmed by near-field profile, far-field polarization, and finite-difference time-domain computation based on fabricated structure.

We demonstrate the efficient integration of an electrically driven nanowire (NW) light source with a double-strip plasmonic waveguide. A top-down-fabricated GaAs NW light-emitting diode (LED) is placed between two straight gold strip waveguides gap distance decreasing to 30 nm at end waveguide and operated by current injection through p-contact electrode acting as Measurements polarization-resolved images spectra show that emission from LED was coupled mode, propagated waveguide, focused...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging new biomarkers for many human diseases. To fully employ miRNAs as clinical diagnosis, it is most desirable to accurately determine the expression patterns of miRNAs. The optimum miRNA profiling method would feature 1) highest sensitivity with a wide dynamic range accurate patterns, 2) supreme specificity discriminate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and 3) simple sensing processes minimize measurement variation. Here, an ultra‐specific detection...

Magnetic and spintronic media have offered fundamental scientific subjects technological applications. Magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy provides the most accessible platform to study dynamics of spins, magnetic quasi-particles, domain walls. However, in research nanoscale spin textures state-of-the-art devices, optical techniques are generally restricted by extremely weak magneto-optical activity diffraction limit. Highly sophisticated, expensive electron scanning probe methods...

The dimensionality of vortical structures has recently been extended beyond two dimensions, providing higher-order topological characteristics and robustness for high-capacity information processing turbulence control. generation high-dimensional mostly demonstrated in classical systems through the complex interference fluidic, acoustic, or electromagnetic waves. However, natural materials rarely support three- higher-dimensional their physical interactions. Here, we present a gradient...

Optical intensity modulators (OIMs) are essential for mid-infrared (mid-IR) photonics, enabling applications such as bond-selective molecular sensing, and free-space communications via atmospheric windows. Integrated photonics offers a compact cost-effective solution, yet on-chip mid-IR OIMs significantly underperform compared to their near-IR counterparts. Furthermore, despite the potential benefits system reconfiguration in accessing various communication frequencies absorption bands,...

Quantum key distribution (QKD) systems have proven their theoretically unconditional security by quantum mechanics, but the scalability and cost barriers limit rapid growth of QKD system industry. The integration on chips has enabled widespread adoption in secure communication technologies, optimized platforms designs are still being studied. Herein, we fabricated monolithic photonic circuits for BB84 protocol using thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN), which enables flexible design organizing...

Optical antennas interface an object with optical radiation and boost the absorption emission of light by objects through antenna modes. It has been much desired to enhance both excitation processes quantum emitters as well multiwavelength channels for many nano-optical applications. Here we report experimental implementation operating in full visible range via surface plasmon currents induced a defect-free single-crystalline Ag nanowire (NW). With its atomically flat surface, long NW...