The application of PECs in organic synthesis reactions and their reaction mechanisms are highlighted.

Abstract Radical‐initiated difunctionalization of alkenes is one the most important methods in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry, which can be applied to synthesize value complex compounds as well structural motifs that found bioactive natural products pharmaceuticals. In recent years, impressive progress have been made this area with ideal silver catalysis. Here, we summarize advances silver‐mediated radical for formation diverse bonds, including 1) two‐component reactions enabled...

A new, practical directed anodic C–H sulfonylation of <italic>N</italic>,<italic>N</italic>-disubstituted anilines with sodium sulfinates for producing <italic>o</italic>- or <italic>p</italic>-amino arylsulfones and diarylsulfones is described.

Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) offer versatile applications by trapping an air layer within microstructures, while water jet impact can destabilize this and deactivate the functions of SHS. The current work presents for first time that introducing parallel hydrophilic strips to SHS (SHS-s) simultaneously improve both impalement resistance drag reduction (DR). Compared with SHS, SHS-s demonstrates a 125% increase in enduring against velocity 11.9 m/s 97% improvement DR at Reynolds number 1.4...

Schematic of the probable reaction between SCGG and MB.

A simple and practical method for the synthesis of phosphoryl-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones through manganese(iii)-promoted tandem phosphinoylation/cyclization 2-arylindoles or 2-arylbenzimidazoles with disubstituted phosphine oxides was developed. In this transformation, new C-P bond C-C were constructed simultaneously under silver-free conditions, exhibiting a broad substrate scope. It noted that not only diarylphosphine but also...

The wetting effect has attracted great scientific interest because of its natural significance as well technical applications. Previous models mostly focus on one-component fluids or binary immiscible liquid mixtures. Modelling the phenomenon for multicomponent and multiphase is a knotty issue. In this work, we present thermodynamically consistent diffuse interface model to describe ternary fluids, an extension Cahn's theory fluids. particular, consider both miscible For validate equilibrium...

Abstract Precise control of the evaporation multiple droplets on patterned surfaces is crucial in many technological applications, such as anti‐icing, coating, and high‐throughput assays. Yet, complex process well‐defined still poorly understood. Herein, we develop a digital twin system for real‐time monitoring key processes droplet microarray (DMA), which essential parallelization automation operations cell culture. Specifically, investigate nanoliter under different conditions via...

Cahn introduced the concept of wall energy to describe interaction between two immiscible fluids and a solid [J. W. Cahn, J. Chem. Phys. 66, 3667-3672 (1977)]. This quintessential has been successfully applied various wetting phenomena droplet in contact with surface. The usually formulated free results so-called surface composition that is not equal bulk composition. difference leads limited range angles which can be achieved by linear/high-order polynomial energy. To address this issue...

Lutein has been of great interest to the food processing and pharmaconutrient industries owing its beneficial effects on human health. However, lutein is very sensitive heat, light, pH oxidative conditions, which limits application in systems. The present study aimed prepare lutein-alginate microspheres by a calcium chloride gelation method with purpose improving stability antioxidant abilities lutein.The loading capacity was approximately 5.3% (w/w) entrapment efficiency about 63%. loaded...

Currently, multiple emulsions via liquid–liquid phase separation in ternary polymer solutions have sparked considerable interest because of its remarkable potential physical, medical, and biological applications. The transient "onion-like" multilayers are highly dependent on the evolution kinetics, which is challenging to be scrutinized experiments has not yet been fully understood. Here, we report a thermodynamically consistent multicomponent Cahn–Hilliard model investigate kinetics by...

We systematically investigate the equilibrium shapes of droplets deposited on a set chemically striped patterned surfaces by using an Allen?Cahn-type phase-field model. Varying widths stripes d, volume V, as well initial positions droplets, we release top and observe final droplet shapes. It is found that there are either one or two for fixed ratio d/ V1/3 each shape corresponds to energy minimum state. The aspect ? shows periodic oscillation behavior with decreasing amplitude decreases,...

By utilizing a proposed analytical model in combination with the phase-field method, we present comprehensive study on effect of chemical patterns equilibrium droplet morphologies. Here, three influencing factors, sizes, contact angles, and ratios hydrophilic area to hydrophobic area, are contemplated. In model, heterogeneities described by different non-linear functions. tuning these functions related parameters, is capable calculating energy landscapes system. The chemically patterned...

Abstract In the current drug discovery process, synthesis of compound libraries is separated from biological screenings both conceptually and technologically. One reasons that parallel on‐chip high‐throughput purification synthesized compounds still a major challenge. Here, miniaturized liquid–liquid extraction in volumes down to 150 nL with efficiency comparable or better than large‐scale utilizing separation funnels demonstrated. The method based on automated programmable merging arrays...

Droplet wetting on solid surfaces is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and applications. The behavior of droplets homogeneous has been accurately elucidated by the quintessential Young's law. However, heterogeneous substrates, due to energy barriers contact line pinning effect, more than one equilibrated droplet pattern exists, which close reality. Here, we propose concise mathematical-physical model delineate patterns chemically patterned surfaces: stripe, ``chocolate,'' ``chessboard.''...

In inkjet printing technology, one important factor influencing the quality and reliability of printed films is interaction jetted ink with substrate surface. This short-range determines wettability adhesion to solid surface hence responsible for final shape deposited ink. Here, we investigate wetting morphologies inkjet-printed inks on patterned substrates by carefully designed experimental test structures simulations. The contact angles, properties, drop shapes, as well their influence...

The capability of droplet absorption into a funnel-like capillary tube is enormously affected by the combined influence size, opening angle, and intrinsic wettability. Through quantitative investigation penetration criteria, we demonstrate that finite-volume can be totally absorbed hydrophobic structure depending on angle. This result sharply contrary to previous conclusion for infinite-volume droplets in straight tubes our predictions extend limit maximum contact angle complete literature.

Liquids are traditionally handled and stored in solid vessels. Solid walls not functional, adaptive, or self-repairing, difficult to remove re-form. Liquid can overcome these limitations, but cannot form free-standing 3D walls. Herein, a liquid analogue of well, termed "liquid well" is introduced. Water tethered surface with hydrophobic-hydrophilic core-shell patterns forms stable capable containing another immiscible fluid, similar fluid confinement by wells different liquids, volumes,...

Droplet formation is intricately influenced by factors such as initial shape, physical properties, wettability, and wall relaxation effects. Under these conditions, the dynamics of droplet breakup exhibit pronounced distinctions.