In this research work, we have proposed an excellent work combination of five layers spherical shape in cladding area with two same circular rotated-hexa core based decagonal photonic crystal fiber (D-PCF) and explicated the simulation outcomes for chemicals finding terahertz (THz) ranges. The finite element method (FEM) perfectly matched (PML) boundary complaint on COMSOL Multiphysics has been cast off to design structure proper numerical parameters. After analysis, shows high relative...

A new structure of hexahedron core with the heptagonal shape cladding regions based on photonic crystal fiber (Hx-PCF) is presented this research work. The finite element method (FEM) and perfectly matched layers (PML) COMSOL Multiphysics has been used to design appropriate parameters. discloses high relative sensitivity (RS) which stand 86.32%, 88.36%, 84.25%, low confinement losses along value 5.60 × 10–08, 6.60 10–08 dB/m, 5.55 dB/m for three chemicals such as Ethanol (n = 1.354), Benzene...

Due to the difficulties of brain tumor segmentation, this paper proposes a strategy for extracting tumors from three-dimensional Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scans utilizing 3D U-Net Design ResNet50, taken after by conventional classification strategies. In inquire, ResNet50 picked up accuracy with 98.96%, scored 97.99% among different methods deep learning. It is be mentioned that traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) gives 97.90% on top MRI....

The method by which a photonic crystal is manufactured fiber detailed throughout the subsequent undertaking, containing hexahedron core and hazardous dietary additives using hexagonal cladding. Saccharine, sorbitol, butyl acetate are used as analytes for sensing purposes. sensor contains five tiers of circular ventilation holes within framework, well two circles in central area. FEM (Finite Element Method) implemented design COMSOL software version 4.2. We noticed response PCF to specific...

When a plant shows deficiency syndromes, sometimes it becomes too late for the farmer to apply fertilizer, as most rely on checking leaves assess their nutrition level. Electrochemical sensors can bring revolution here. Other pollutants (NPK) also be determined using these sensors.

Co-pyrolysis technology gain much popularity in recent years compared to other thermochemical conversion techniques due its environmental and socio-economic advantages. The present study focuses on the liquid fuel production through co-pyrolysis of polythene waste rice straw varying composition characterization products. laboratory scale experiments have been carried out a fixed bed LPG heating reactor under temperature between 4000-500 0C obtain maximum yield. feed sizes were 20mm × for...

Abstract In this research work, a novel design of octagonal cladding with two elliptical cores in photonic crystal fiber (O-PCF) is studied for application the terahertz (THz) frequency regime. There exists five layers figure circular air holes (CAH) region shapes core area are proposed work. The O-PCF features have been explored using full vector finite element method (FEM) perfectly match layer (PML) boundary condition that used to confine light inside properly. Some supplementary...

An octagonal cladding with a hexahedron core PCF sensor is designed to detect chemical compounds at terahertz frequency. The proposed contains circular air holes (CAHs) in the vestibule area. To measure performance of effective material loss, confinement and large frequency area have been used terms relative sensitivity (RS). For design analysis our sensors, finite element (FEM) utilizes numerally optic parameters. diameter size whole were checked optimize production tolerance sensing...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) slowly decreases one's ability. A machine learning (ML) based early CKD diagnosis scheme can be an effective solution to reduce this harm. The efficiency of ML techniques depends on the selection and use appropriate features. Hence, research analysis several feature optimization approaches along with a max voting ensemble model establish highly accurate system by using set. is structured five existing classifiers. Three types namely importance, reduction, where...

We presented a decagonal cladding and hexahedron core-based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) to sense chemicals in the terahertz frequency (THz). Circular air holes (CAHs) region make up proposed sensor. A wide variety of frequencies were evaluated analyze sensor's performance terms sensitivity, confinement loss, effective material loss respectively. designed quantitatively analyzed optical properties our hexahedron-based PCF sensor using finite element method (FEM). Square-shaped hole length,...

This work proposes a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber-based edible oil sensor in the terahertz (THz) range (e.g., 1.0THz ≤ f 3.0THz) and different sensing characteristics are numerically analyzed. The suggested sensor’s performance was assessed by means of COMSOL Multiphysics, commercial program that uses finite element approach. computational results indicate relative sensitivity is 85.591%, 84.648%, 82.625%, 82.683%, 79.161%, respectively, at = 2.2 THz, for several types...

Amyloid-beta-42 (beta) peptides are key contributors to Alzheimer's disease (AD), with recent studies highlighting a strong link between Abeta toxicity and its internalization into cells. Targeting the of using naturally occurring small molecules could represent promising strategy for developing therapeutic interventions. In this study, we investigated effects biflavonoids on inhibiting impact cellular processes that lead cell death. Various biochemical techniques were employed assess...

The performance of adaptive antenna array processors is known to decline severely in the presence imperfections and uncertainties. Hence robustness an processor against uncertainties important issue. Diagonal loading correlation matrix a popular technique applied standard Frost increase system. This paper presents number robust beamforming algorithms using efficient realization techniques. techniques do not use presteered allow designer specify frequency response look direction steer main...

Abstract This analysis represents a circular shape based cladding with two elliptical cores in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for the terahertz (THz) range. Here, we present single-mode (SM-PCF) five layers of air holes (CAH) structure along (EAH) core configuration center to decrease different types losses. For broad-band communications, our proposed SM-PCF is highly useful due obtaining ultra-low effective material loss (UML) regime. Perfectly matched (PMLs) and finite element method (FEM)...

This research suggests an optical sensor to detect alcohol in beverages and liquids that is based on Zeonex backdrop material. The core of the made up six hexahedron-shaped cores heptagonal cladding with circular air holes. development implementation a limited element evaluation assess sensing capabilities technology using PCF were executed COMSOL Multiphysics software. With negligible confinement losses, highly sensitive H-PCF structure has been proposed for THz range. sensitivities 89.50...

In this study, a TOPAS-based optical sensor for detecting alcohols in drinks and liquids, made of circular air holes (CAH) the cladding hexahedron core is suggested here. addition, COMSOL Multiphysics program development analysis sensing qualities PCF-based using finite element technical as solution. THz frequency band, described C-PCF structure has an exceptionally high relative sensitivity 86.60%, 88.70%, 84.71%, low confinement losses (CLs) are 5.75 × 10−08, 6.11 10−08 dB/m 5.70 three...

The concentric circular array with robust algorithm is addressed in this paper. A uniform antenna (CCAA) geometry targeted due to its symmetrical configuration which enables the phased scan azimuthally minimal changes beam width and sidelobe levels. This paper first compares performances of CCAA existing arrays (UCA) validate suitability presented beamformer. Then performance based optimal beamformer compared delay-and-sum presence interfering signals. processor reduced if signal interest...