This study aimed to determine how transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) alters autonomic nervous activity by comparing the effects of different tVNS frequencies and current intensities. We also investigated sex-dependent response tVNS. Thirty-five healthy adult participants were stimulated using a stimulator at left cymba conchae while sitting on reclining chair; tVNS-induced waveform changes then recorded for stimulus (Experiment 1: 3.0 mA 100 Hz, 25 10 1 0 Hz (no stimulation))...

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) can be used to modulate inhibitory circuits in primary somatosensory cortex, resulting improved function. However, efficacy may depend on the specific stimulus modality and patterns. For instance, transcranial alternating current (tACS), random noise (tRNS), pulsed (tPCS) were found stably effectively neuronal excitability, while anodal direct (tDCS) appeared less effective overall but with substantial response heterogeneity among subjects....

This study aimed to (1) examine the acute changes in glenohumeral range of motion (ROM) after repetitive pitching and (2) clarify whether arm speed during is associated with internal rotation (IR) horizontal adduction (HADd) ROM. Fifteen healthy college males over five years baseball experience participated. Glenohumeral ROMs IR, external rotation, HADd were measured using a digital inclinometer before, immediately after, one day completing 100 full-effort pitches. Arm was wearable inertial...

Response inhibition, which immediately stops an ongoing action, is important for daily life activities. Noradrenaline (NA), a neurotransmitter, reportedly involved in response inhibition. In recent years, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has gained attention its ability to induce NA release various areas of the brain. Thus, taVNS can potentially improve but this not been confirmed. The present study investigated effects on inhibition by measuring salivary...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) and peroneus longus (PLT) with articular cartilage degeneration on medial cuneiform first metatarsal. We examined 100 feet from 50 Japanese cadavers. TAT classified into 4 types based attachment site area number fiber bundles: Type I, two bundles equal (within 20%) areas metatarsal cuneiform; II, a larger (>20%) than metatarsal; III, IV, three bundles. PLT 2 types, following previous studies: insertion...

ABSTRACT Context: Shoulder and elbow problems are common among athletes in overhead sports, making 7 it essential to understand the characteristics of active with arm trouble improve prevent upper extremity disorders. The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) Score is widely used evaluate functionality this population. Objective: (1) To compare KJOC score between without various sports; (2) clarify relationship subjective competitive levels functional using correlation analysis questions....

One risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury may be fluctuations in female hormones. This study examined variability joint laxity, as a ACL injury, during the menstrual cycle.Subjects were 15 university students with regular cycles. We measured estradiol (E2) concentration, knee laxity (AKL), stiffness, genu recurvatum (GR), and general (GJL) late follicular ovulatory phases. AKL was tibial displacement of femur after application 44-, 89-, 133-N loads on tibia. Stiffness...

Background This study aimed to determine changes in the muscle and tendon stiffness of thigh lower leg muscle-tendon units during early follicular luteal phases, check for possible relations between each phase. Methods The sample consisted 15 female university students with regular menstrual cycles. basal body temperature method, ovulation kit, salivary estradiol concentration measurement were used estimate phases. A portable digital palpation device measured sites rectus femoris (RF),...

Ship manoeuvrability has been generally predicted based on 3-DOF mathematical model. However, medium-high speed ships such as containerships and passenger ferries make sometimes a large roll motion by the steering, which more or less affects ship manoeuvrability. Although lot of researches have done about effect motion, models hydrodynamic forces proposed individually putting additional terms angle into conventional This makes difficulty in prediction

Abstract The relationship between the morphological characteristics of infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) and joint deformity has yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, purpose this study was clarify IFP identify relationships degenerative grade articular surface patella. This investigation examined 41 legs from 25 Japanese cadavers. length, width, volume were measured. It categorized into three types: Type I, proximal located on medial lateral sides patella; II, only medially; III, absence...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in anterior knee laxity (AKL), stiffness, general joint (GJL), and genu recurvatum (GR) during menstrual cycle female non-athletes athletes with normal irregular cycles. Participants were 19 (eumenorrhea, n = 11; oligomenorrhea, 8) 15 8; 7). AKL measured as amount tibial displacement at 67 N-133 N. Stiffness calculated change (Δ)force/Δ displacement. Beighton method used evaluate GJL. GR maximum angle passive extension. AKL, GJL, twice...

Abstract Introduction Spontaneous oscillations in the somatosensory cortex, especially of alpha (8 − 14 Hz) and gamma (60 80 frequencies, affect tactile perception; moreover, these can be selectively modulated by frequency‐matched transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on basis ongoing oscillatory brain activity. To examine whether tACS actually improve perception via modulation, we measured effects 10‐Hz 70‐Hz (α‐ γ‐tACS) left cortex right‐finger spatial orientation...

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between joint and ligament structures of subtalar degeneration articular facet. We examined 50 feet from 25 Japanese cadavers. The number facets, congruence, intersecting angles were measured for structure joint, footprint areas attachments cervical ligament, interosseous talocalcaneal (ITCL), anterior capsular structure. Additionally, facets classified into Degeneration (+) (−) groups according talus calcaneus. No significant was identified In...

Abstract Tactile perception is a complex phenomenon that processed by multiple cortical regions via the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Although gating in S1 using paired-pulse stimulation can predict tactile performance, functional relevance of cortico-cortical connections to remains unclear. We investigated mechanisms which corticocortical and local networks spatial acuity 42 adults magnetoencephalography (MEG). Resting-state MEG was recorded with eyes open, whereas evoked responses...

BACKGROUND: Lumbar stabilization exercises (LSE) provide dynamic trunk stability, promote muscle strength and endurance, improve low back pain rehabilitation performance. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the differences in activity during LSEs on stable different unstable surfaces. METHODS: Fifteen healthy males performed three (elbow-toe, hand-knee, side bridge) (floor) Muscle of bilateral rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external erector spinae were recorded. Data compared using Friedman test....

Abstract The aim of this study was to clarify the effects transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) left cymba concha on pain perception using nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR), which is known be associated with chronic pain, and investigate whether there a relationship between taVNS‐induced suppression NWR parasympathetic activation. We applied either 3.0 mA, 100 Hz taVNS for 120 s (taVNS condition) or earlobe (Sham 20 healthy adults. threshold measured before (Baseline),...

This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between joint structures of first tarsometatarsal and articular facet degeneration. A total 100 feet from 50 cadavers were examined. The facets metatarsal medial cuneiform categorized into four types based on superior inferior facets' separation, formation lateral plantar prominence: Type I, a single with no separation or facet; II-a, two but II-b, facets, an III, three facet. When both bone matched, they defined as III joints, respectively;...

This study investigated the relationship between changes in foot characteristics and sex differences during menstrual cycle healthy male female university students. We examined 10 subjects 14 subjects. The was divided into three phases: early follicular phase, ovulatory luteal phase via basal body temperature, an ovulation kit, salivary estradiol progesterone concentration measurements. Foot required for calculation of arch height index (AHI) were measured using a three-dimensional scanner...

The aim of this study was to compare anterior knee laxity (AKL), genu recurvatum (GR), and muscle stiffness between reconstructed contralateral sides in females who underwent cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction during early follicular ovulatory phases. AKL measured as an displacement the tibia using a KS measure. GR range motion hyperextension apparatus. Muscle for semitendinosus (ST) biceps femoris long head (BF) MyotonPRO. investigated eighteen knees nine (Age, 20.4 ± 1.5 years; BMI,...