A5014167212- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Boston University
2015-2024
Center for Systems Biology
2023
Department of Medical Sciences
1985-2022
Center for Neurosciences
2022
New England Biolabs (United States)
2002-2010
Harvard University
1981-2010
Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research
2010
Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital
1984-1985
McGill University
1977-1984
Harvard University Press
1980
Abstract An investigation of the architectonic organization and intrinsic connections prefrontal cortex was conducted in rhesus monkeys. Cytoarchitectonic analysis indicates that there are two trends gradual change laminar characteristics can be traced from limbic periallocortex towards isocortical areas. The stepwise features is characterized by emergence increase width granular layer IV, an size pyramidal cells layers III V, a higher cell‐packing density supragranular layers....
Abstract The premotor cortex (area 6) has several architectonic sectors that can be delineated on the basis of cytoarchitectonic and myeloarchitectonic features. Area 6 may broadly subdivided into a dorsal ventral sector at spur arcuate sulcus. Dorsal lacks granular layer IV, but an emergent IV separates laminae III V. higher myelin content than 6. area is further caudal rostral presence large pyramidal cells in not sector. medial region distinguished from more laterally situated by compact...
Abstract The sources of ipsilateral afferents to subdivisions one frontal eye field (Walker, '40a area 8 ) were studied with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in macaque monkeys. There major differences the distribution cells pro‐ jecting caudal and rostral parts 8. majority (53%) labeled cortical projecting regions visual association areas, an additional 23% ventral bank intraparietal sulcus, where neurons may have predominantly visuomotor properties. In contrast, had a much lower percentage its...
Abstract The sources of ipsilateral cortical afferent projections to basoventral and mediodorsal prefrontal cortices that receive some visual input were studied with retrograde tracers (horseradish peroxidase or fluorescent dyes) in eight rhesus monkeys. regions injected included basal (orbital) areas 11 12, lateral area ventral 46. portions medial 32 the caudal part dorsal 8. These sites represent within show a gradual increase architectonic differentiation direction from least...
Abstract The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, presubiculum, area 29a‐c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. Labeled neurons within formation (CA1, CA1′, prosubiculum, subiculum) found rostrally, although some noted throughout entire rostrocaudal extent formation. Most labeled projected medial cortices, followed by orbital areas. In addition, there differences topography...
In experiments that use horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) for tracing neural connections, the activity of tissue-bound enzyme as well stability resultant reaction product are influenced by duration storage, composition storage medium, type counterstaining even details histological dehydration. Furthermore, conditions preserving HRP very different from those necessary product. Thus, is stable at a neutral pH, while much lower around 3.3, required TMB Recent evidence...
Neural communication is disrupted in autism by unknown mechanisms. Here, we examined whether there are changes axons, which the conduit for neural communication. We investigated single axons and their ultrastructure white matter of postmortem human brain tissue below anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal (OFC), lateral prefrontal (LPFC), associated with attention, social interactions, emotions, have been consistently implicated pathology autism. Area-specific ACC (area 32) included...
The inhibitory thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) intercepts and modulates all corticothalamic thalamocortical communications. Previous studies showed that projections from sensory motor cortices originate in layer VI terminate as small boutons central caudal TRN. Here we show prefrontal to TRN rhesus monkeys have a different topographic organization mode of termination. Prefrontal projected mainly the anterior TRN, at sites connected with mediodorsal, ventral anterior, medial nuclei. However,...
Converging evidence from diverse studies suggests that atypical brain connectivity in autism affects distinct ways short- and long-range cortical pathways, disrupting neural communication the balance of excitation inhibition. This hypothesis is based mostly on functional non-invasive show synchronization patterns between areas children adults with autism. Indirect methods to study course integrity major pathways at low resolution changes fractional anisotropy or diffusivity white matter...
In this era of complete genomes, our knowledge neuroanatomical circuitry remains surprisingly sparse. Such is however critical both for basic and clinical research into brain function. Here we advocate a concerted effort to fill gap, through systematic, experimental mapping neural circuits at mesoscopic scale resolution suitable comprehensive, brain-wide coverage, using injections tracers or viral vectors. We detail the scientific medical rationale briefly review existing techniques. define...
The estimation of the number or density neurons and types glial cells their relative proportions in different brain areas are at core rigorous quantitative neuroanatomical studies. Unfortunately, lack detailed, updated, systematic well-illustrated descriptions cytology cell types, especially primate brain, makes such studies demanding, often limiting scope broad use. Here, following an extensive analysis histological materials review current classical literature, we compile a list precise...
Cortical areas are linked through pathways which originate and terminate in specific layers. The factors underlying layers involved connections not well understood. Here we tested whether cortical structure can predict the pattern as relative distribution of projection neurons axonal terminals layers, studied with retrograde anterograde tracers. We used prefrontal cortices rhesus monkey a model system because their laminar organization varies systematically, ranging from that have only three...
Experiencing emotions engages high-order orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal areas, expressing involves low-level autonomic structures peripheral organs. How is information from the cortex transmitted to periphery? We used two parallel approaches map simultaneously multiple pathways determine if hypothalamic centres are a key link for areas which have been associated with emotional processes, as well spinal brainstem structures. The latter innervate organs, whose activity markedly increased...
Abstract The sources of ipsilateral projections from the amygdala to basoventral and mediodorsal prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers (horseradish peroxidase or fluorescent dyes) in 13 rhesus monkeys. regions injected included orbital periallocortex proisocortex, areas 13,11, 12, lateral area ventral 46. portions medial 25, 32, 14, dorsal 8. above sites represent within two architectonic series referred as on basis their anatomic location. Each consists that show a...
Medial prefrontal cortices in primates have been associated with emotion, memory, and complex cognitive processes. Here we investigated whether the pattern of cortical connections could indicate medial cortex constitutes a homogeneous region, or if it can be parceled into distinct sectors. Projections from temporal memory-related subdivided different sectors, by targeting preferentially caudal areas (area 24, 32 25), to lesser extent rostral (rostral area 32, 14 10), sparsely 9. Area 9 was...
The convoluted cortex of primates is instantly recognizable in its principal morphologic features, yet puzzling complex finer structure. Various hypotheses have been proposed about the mechanisms formation. Based on analysis databases quantitative architectonic and connection data for primate prefrontal cortices, we offer support hypothesis that tension exerted by corticocortical connections a significant factor shaping cerebral cortical landscape. Moreover, forces generated folding...