TNF-α (TNF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine is synthesized as 26 kDa protein, anchors in the plasma membrane transmembrane TNF (TmTNF), and subjected to proteolysis by converting enzyme (TACE) release 15 form of soluble (sTNF). TmTNF sTNF interact with 2 distinct receptors, TNF-R1 (p55) TNF-R2 (p75), mediate multiple biologic effects described date. Several anti-TNF biologics that bind both forms block their interactions receptors are now approved for treatment variety immune-mediated diseases....

This paper compares various leakage reduction techniques including Multi-threshold CMOS, Super-Cutoff Zigzag, Stack Effect, Input Vector Control, LECTOR, Sleepy Stack, Keeper, VCLEARIT, GALEOR, Dual Sleep, Sleepy-Pass Gate and Transistor Gating. The elaborately explores the working, comparison analysis of all these in different CMOS technologies. Leakage Power is analyzed during standby mode operation. It has been observed that for a particular circuit depends on technology as well...

The paper presents a new and modified area power efficient carry select adder is proposed using Weinberger architecture it compared for efficiency with Carry Select Adder Han Carlson, Brent Krung, Ling architectures along conventional adder. here turned out to be the best in terms of power. Simulations all five are performed Xilinx Vivado tool version 14.4 hardware implementations on zynq 7000 FPGA board which uses 28nm technology.

In this research paper, The Multi-Protocol Conversion Unit (MPCU) is designed and simulated using Hardware Descriptive Language (HDL). This unit acts like a bridge can perform data communication between three different protocol sets which are among the most prevalent methods used for serial of data. following protocols Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C), Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART). conversion module will take input from any along with...

This Paper presents a novel implementation of prepaid electricity billing machine (PEBM) on Xilinx Spartan6 FPGA device XC6SLX16 package 3csg324. An interactive interface has been designed to make user interaction with the system at runtime. Power analysis is done Xpower Analyzer tool which shows total power consumption 0.034W. Maximum frequency this can work efficiently estimated 143.798 MHz. developed keeping in view its use residential areas, institution, corporate companies and big...

Nowadays, pollution is remaining as a major issue of concern. Air basically mixture various dangerous particles and toxic gases in the environment. The release suspended particles, hazardous gases, dust pollutants cause depletion ozone layer. In this paper, sensors are used to identify carbon dioxide gas present air, humidity, environment temperature, atmospheric pressure. Raspberry pi 3 Arduino UNO boards interfacing above mentioned sensors. MQ-135 air sensor interfaced with uno DHT11...

In today's era one of the most common problems which world is facing an exponential increase in population. This has indirectly increased a lot other issues; them being quantity automobiles on road. The number vehicles have resulted heavy traffic and shortage parking space gives rise to illegal itself threat security cars. main aim this paper study different kinds car systems come up with Intelligent Prepaid Car Parking system addresses problem space, vacancy issues together safety It...

FIR channels are widely utilized in the field of Digital Communications specifically IF phases receiving end. all respects generally Software defined Radio to achieve desired frequency. It helps furnishing with great rejection, without changing equipment a communication framework. Multipliers basic design sections most forefront processor designs and architectures. Vedic Algorithm structure processors has been executed by couple makers results much optimized promising. This research work...

This paper is devoted to the study of nonlinear interaction and propagation high frequency pump inertial Alfvén wave (IAW) with comparatively low IAW emphasis on effects applications within space plasma astrophysics for β-plasma (β≪me/mi). We have developed a set dimensionless equations in presence ponderomotive nonlinearity due dynamics IAW. Stability analysis numerical simulation been carried out coupled system comprising localization turbulent spectra, applicable auroral region. The...

Nowdays, image processing is applied to send an enhanced in all applications including forensics, robotics, military communications. However, these have a additional overhead of security. AES one the high speed technique which used widely against various attacking techniques inspite its computational complexity. In this paper we propose novel implementation AES(Advance encryption standard) algorithm with reduced coding complexity and throughput by parallel key expansion technique. addition,...

We present modeling of laser pulse compression and intensity enhancement during propagation in underdense plasma having relativistic intensity. Pulse duration shortens to less than 5 fs 11 times has been reported. Nonlinearity generates new frequency by self phase modulation which broadens the spectrum that turn duration. High pushes velocity electrons up limit modifies dielectric constant plasma. Modification refractive index profile causes focusing pulse. shortening happen accordance with...

In today's era power, delay and area have become the characteristic features of any VLSI circuit. Generally, ordinary multipliers is more so amount calculations, as a result this overall speed circuits gets reduced power consumption high. paper two major components MAC unit i.e. i) Multiplier (8×8 Vedic 8×8 Booth Multiplier) ii) Adder (Carrylook ahead adder) been designed. A comparative analysis done between these in terms area. Power with Xpower Analyzer tool which shows 0.249 W for...

Fast Fourier Transform is one of the most efficient methods performing computation in Digital signal processing blocks. These computations are basically performed by inherent floating-point multiplier units residing inside butterfly any FFT. To optimise an FFT for higher efficiency and performance, it inevitable to use highly adder within datapath architecture a processor. This work proposes high-performance designed using optimised Vedic DSP processor cores. Choice decreases power delay...

Abstract The nonlinear phenomena are of striking importance in understanding the particle acceleration, heating, and turbulence interplanetary space. Kinetic Alfvén wave (KAW) is one strong candidates responsible for accelerating solar wind powering turbulence. Therefore, properties KAW attracting a good attention. In present work, we have investigated effects associated with plasma at around 1 A.U. ponderomotive force (relatively high frequency, power) pump may be used to excite...

Abstract Solar wind turbulence at large inertial scales is well known for decades and believed to consist of Alfvén cascade. At the order proton length, cascade excites kinetic wave, fast or whistler wave that carries energy smaller scales. Despite supporting elucidate steeper spectra scales, we here present another model, localization longitudinally propagating dispersive (DAW) with finite frequency correction illustrate same. Inclusion this in makes them dispersive. In approach, dynamical...

The elevator system uses microcontroller to perform real-time evaluation and analysis. includes huge number of switches sensors which need be connected the microcontroller. proposed method avoids point-to-point connection with by introducing independent hardware units each floor car switches. These communicate main through RS-485 Modbus network requires only three wires. control part protocol (address recognition, block integrity command interpretation) is implemented in software....

In this paper an area optimized 16-bit booth multiplier is proposed. The proposed architecture based on parallel prefix Sklansky adders. also implemented using Carry Look ahead adder, Kogge Stone Ladner-Fischer adder and Brent Kung adder. adders are compared in terms of LUTs power. approach modified Radix-4 found to be 29.31% for comparison Ahead tool implementation Xilinx Vivado 4.2 Artix 7 board 28 nm technology.

Modern communication systems rely on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) more than ever before. Improving the speed of FFT computation using high multipliers will help to enhance performance DSP systems. In this paper a DIT architecture Modified Vedic is proposed. Multipliers offer efficient way perform multiplication large numbers occupying less area and consuming low power delay The adders used in are Brent Kung based multiplexer adders. right utilization these at different word lengths helps...

In this paper, we present the numerical simulation for coupled system of equations governing dynamics laser and Ion Acoustic Wave (IAW) in a collisionless plasma, when coupling between waves is through ponderomotive non-linearity. The nonlinear evolution beam studied pump perturbed by periodic perturbation. By changing perturbation wave number, have its effect on pattern beam. order to physical insight into time space, IAW spectra containing spatial harmonics. magnitude these harmonics...

The turbulent spectrum of kinetic Alfven waves in inhomogeneous plasma is investigated the presence Landau damping. Inhomogeneities transverse and parallel directions to ambient magnetic field are incorporated dynamics. Numerical solutions equations governing linear regime obtained while retaining effects damping, which have a significant impact on frequency generated by propagating waves. A semi-analytical model developed elucidate physics this process also described.

This paper presents the straightforward method and lower triangular modification approach, which are two encoding schemes for LDPC codes compares area utilization of both on FPGA platform. Low density parity check (LDPC) linear block extensively used error correction detection in noisy communication channel they discover significant application 10GBase-T Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max. The implementation is done Spartan3E board we observe that device by considerably very small (only one LUT) as...

With the ever increasing demand for portability, need of power reduction is most important aspect circuit designing. In this paper we propose a Low Power High Speed Charge Sharing small swing domino Comparator which significantly reduces dissipation. The primarily based on logic lowers voltage level 1 and increases 0. Thus proposed dissipation by 68.34% at frequency 100MHz in comparison to charge sharing dynamic latch comparator [1] delay minimized 61.80%. implemented 90nm 180nm CMOS technology.

Adders are one of the most desirable entities in processor data path architecture. Since long, VLSI engineers working towards optimization and miniaturization adder architectures to ultimately improve performance processors. As technology is scaling down, challenges also increasing. In this paper we present implementation various 16 bit including parallel prefix adders their comparative analysis based on ultimate parameters-area power at 28nm technology. All designs have been synthesized...