A5028911822- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
Cardiff University
2020-2025
Planetary Science Institute
2023-2025
University of California, Berkeley
2022-2025
Berkeley College
2023
University of Cambridge
1986-2021
University of Oxford
2017
University of Newcastle Australia
2010
Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital
2008
University College Dublin
2002-2003
The Open University
2002
Research Article| October 01, 2002 Direct geological evidence for oceanic detachment faulting: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 15°45′N C.J. MacLeod; MacLeod 1Department of Earth Sciences, Cardiff University, CF10 3YE, UK Search other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar J. Escartín; Escartín 2Laboratoire de Geosciences Marines (CNRS UMR 7097), Institut Physique du Globe, 75252 Paris, France D. Banerji; Banerji 3Department Geosciences, University Houston, Texas 77204, USA G.J. Banks; Banks...
Research Article| February 28, 2019 Crustal controls on apparent mantle pyroxenite signals in ocean-island basalts Matthew L.M. Gleeson; Gleeson 1Department of Earth Sciences, University Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Sally A. Gibson Author and Article Information Publisher: Geological Society America Received: 29 Oct 2018 Revision 06 Jan Accepted: 15 First Online: 28 Feb Online Issn: 1943-2682 Print 0091-7613 ©...
Abstract Recent large basaltic eruptions began after only minor surface uplift and seismicity, resulted in caldera subsidence. In contrast, some at Galápagos Island volcanoes are preceded by prolonged, amplitude elevated seismicity. These systems also display long-term intra-caldera uplift, or resurgence. However, a scarcity of observations has obscured the mechanisms underpinning such behaviour. Here we combine unique multiparametric dataset to show how 2018 eruption Sierra Negra...
Abstract The 2015 eruption of Wolf volcano was one the largest eruptions in Galápagos Islands since onset routine satellite‐based monitoring. It therefore provides an excellent opportunity to combine geophysical and petrological data, place detailed constraints on architecture dynamics subvolcanic systems western archipelago. We present new geodetic models that show pre‐eruptive inflation at caused by magma accumulation a shallow flat‐topped reservoir ~1.1 km, whereas edifice‐scale...
Many volcanoes erupt compositionally homogeneous magmas over timescales ranging from decades to millennia. This monotonous activity is thought reflect a high degree of chemical homogeneity in their magmatic systems, leading predictable eruptive behaviour. We combine petrological analyses erupted crystals with new thermodynamic models characterise the diversity melts systems beneath shield Galápagos Archipelago (Wolf and Fernandina). In contrast uniform basaltic at surface long timescales, we...
The emergence of the "mush paradigm" has raised several questions for conventional models magma storage and extraction: how are melts extracted to form eruptible liquid-rich domains? What mechanism controls melt transport in mush-rich systems? Recently, reactive flow been proposed as a major contributing factor formation high porosity, melt-rich regions. Yet, owing absence accurate geochemical simulations, influence on porosity natural mush systems remains under-constrained. Here, we use...
1. The energy metabolism of ad lib .-fed adult male Wistar rats receiving daily running exercise (0·9 km/d; 8° incline) on a motor-driven treadmill, over period 56 d, was compared with that sedentary and restricted-fed similar body-weight (approximately 420 g). 2. metabolizable the diet (Oxoid 41B) 11·44 ± 0·05 kJ/g. This value not affected by restricted feeding (70% .), training or itself. 3. Exercise-trained ate 5% more food than but their equilibrium 60 g lower latter group. 4. Resting...
Abstract The physicochemical characteristics of sub-volcanic magma storage regions have important implications for system dynamics and pre-eruptive behaviour. architecture located directly above high buoyancy flux mantle plumes (such as Kīlauea, Hawai’i Fernandina, Galápagos) are relatively well understood. However, far fewer constraints exist on the nature beneath ocean island volcanoes that distal to main zone upwelling or low plumes, despite these systems representing a substantial...
Volcanic evolution in ocean island settings is often controlled by variations the chemistry and volumetric flux of magma from an underlying mantle plume. In locations such as Hawaiʻi or Réunion, this results predictable chemistry, rate volcanic activity, depth storage with age and/or distance center plume upwelling. These systems, however, represent outliers global volcanism due to their high buoyancy flux, frequent eruptions, large any plate boundary. Most plumes display clear interaction...
The plumbing system beneath Mauna Loa, Hawai'i, has been understudied relative to its younger neighbor, Kīlauea. It is particularly interesting ponder whether Loa’s larger size and greater maturity reflected in magma storage geometry. For example, prior work suggested the presence of a deep (>18 km) based on high Mg# (>84) Opx, from which magmas may ascend within days towards surface. This would have very different implications for hazards effective monitoring than...
Abstract Volcanic evolution in ocean island settings is often controlled by variations the chemistry and volumetric flux of magma from an underlying mantle plume. In locations such as Hawaiʻi or Réunion, this results predictable chemistry, rate volcanic activity, depth storage with age and/or distance center plume upwelling. These systems, however, represent outliers global volcanism due to their high buoyancy flux, frequent eruptions, large any plate boundary. Most plumes display clear...
Determining the pressures and temperatures at which melts are stored in crust upper mantle, major element composition, redox state volatile contents of these melts, is vital to constrain structure dynamics magmatic plumbing systems. In turn, constraining parameters helps understand geochemical structural evolution Earth’s lithosphere, periods unrest active volcanoes. We review common thermobarometers, hygrometers chemometers based on mineral and/or liquid compositions, before...
ABSTRACT Oxygen consumption, respiratory frequency, and the of expiratory interclavicular air sac gases were continuously monitored in six female domestic fowl trained to exercise on a treadmill for 10 min periods at normal or elevated temperatures. At temperatures (20 ± 2 °C) cost locomotion rose from 0·46 ml O2 kg-1 m-1 0−3 km h-1 0·77 maximum speed 4·3 h-1. 32 2°C, increased by as much 20% compared Hyperventilation occurred all speeds both End-tidal parallel manner with speed, latter...
We present PySulfSat, an open-source Python3 tool for modeling sulfide and anhydrite saturation in magmas. PySulfSat supports a variety of data types (spreadsheets, Petrolog3 outputs, MELTS tbl files). can be used with alphaMELTS Python infrastructure to track sulfur solubility during fractional crystallization within single Jupyter Notebook. allows far more customization calculations than existing tools. For example, the SCSS2− could calculated one model using composition from...
Carbohydrate (CHO) beverage ingestion appears to influence neutrophil functional responses prolonged exercise of a fixed duration. The aim this randomised study was examine the effect CHO (5 % w/v) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated degranulation in nine recreationally active males who cycled at 75 V˙O2 max until fatigue. On two separate occasions, subjects ingested either placebo (PLA) or beverages before and 15 min intervals during exercise. Subjects exercised for 31 longer trial...
Ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) beverages during heavy exercise is associated with smaller shifts in numbers of circulating neutrophils and attenuated changes neutrophil functional responses. The influence dietary CHO availability on these responses has not been determined. Therefore, the present study investigated pre-exercise status lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated degranulation to prolonged cycling. Twelve trained male cyclists performed a glycogen-lowering bout cycling were randomly...
Minute volume (V), tidal (VT), respiratory frequency (f), venous lactate, and clavicular air sac gas composition were measured in domestic fowl at rest during exercise, breathing hypoxic, hyperoxic, or hypercapnic gas. Hyperoxia produced no significant change ventilation, CO2 inhalation increases V VT, but the changes f appeared to be related stage of exercise which was administered. The sensitivity response similar resting exercising birds. Compared with effects CO2, hypoxia elicited only a...
Abstract Geophysical analysis of the Earth's lower mantle has revealed presence two superstructures characterized by low shear wave velocities on core‐mantle boundary. These Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs) play a crucial role in dynamics and act as source region for deep‐seated plumes. However, their origin, characteristics surrounding deep mantle, remain enigmatic. Mantle plumes located above margins LLSVPs display evidence this deep‐seated, thermally and/or chemically...
Most studies investigating the effects of acute carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on post-exercise cytokine responses have involved fasted athletes. This study characterised CHO beverage preceded by consumption a CHO-containing pre-exercise meal. Sixteen highly-trained male cyclists/triathletes (age: 30.6 +/- 5.6 y; V O (2max): 64.8 4.7 ml . kg min (-1) [mean SD]) undertook two cycle ergometry trials involving randomised 10 % (15 mL hr (-1)) or water (H (2)O). Trials were undertaken 2 h after...