A5023536873- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Race, Genetics, and Society
- Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
University of Cambridge
2012-2024
British Heart Foundation
2024
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research
1997-2011
Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
2011
Wayne State University
1985-2001
Centre for Human Genetics
1997-1999
University of Oxford
1997-1999
John Radcliffe Hospital
1997
State University of New York
1992
Stony Brook University
1992
Host genetic factors including major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polymorphisms influence both susceptibility to leprosy per se and also type. Non-MHC genes may play an important role, but such remain undefined. The of two non-MHC candidate was assessed in a case-control study Bengali patients from Calcutta. Recent studies have implicated variation the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene several diseases, osteoporosis pulmonary tuberculosis. In this population, homozygotes for alternate...
Genetically determined differences in immune responses to environmental agents may underlie susceptibility many autoimmune and infectious diseases. Leprosy provides an example of a polarity the type response made agent, there is evidence that major histocompatibility complex genetically linked leprosy type. It was found HLA-DR2 associated with both tuberculoid lepromatous types leprosy; however, variant at position −308 promoter neighboring tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene increased...
Skin pigmentation is one of the most variable phenotypic traits in humans. A non-synonymous substitution (rs1426654) third exon SLC24A5 accounts for lighter skin Europeans but not East Asians. previous genome-wide association study carried out a heterogeneous sample UK immigrants South Asian descent suggested that this gene also contributes significantly to variation among In present study, we have quantitatively assessed largely homogeneous cohort 1228 individuals from Southern region...
A longitudinal study of 298 rural Bangladeshi infants found evidence growth faltering starting at 3 months age. Anthropometric status declined substantially in the first 2 years life, with weight-for-height (WHZ) falling from − 0·49 to 1·75, weight-for-age (WAZ) 1·18 2·87 and height-for-age (HAZ) 1·00 1·88. Higher concentrations acute-phase protein α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) higher gut mucosal damage (as signified by raised lactulose:mannitol (L:M) ratios) were both associated chronic...
The shift from acute infectious and deficiency diseases to chronic noncommunicable is not a simple transition but complex dynamic epidemiological process, with some disappearing others appearing or reemerging. unabated pandemic of childhood adulthood obesity concomitant comorbidities are affecting both rich poor nations, while remain an important public health problem, particularly in developing countries. More attention should be given the high burden disease associated soil-transmitted...
We conducted a randomized clinical intervention trial over 24 weeks on tea estate in north‐east Bangladesh to investigate the effect of iron supplementation and anthelmintic treatment labour productivity adult female pluckers. A total 553 full‐time pluckers, not pregnant breastfeeding, were randomly assigned one four groups: group 1 received weekly basis, 2 at beginning half‐way through (week 12), 3 both as 2, 4 was control placebos. No significant difference found between groups period....
Miltefosine (target dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day for 28 days) is the recommended treatment visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in Bangladesh on basis data from India. We evaluated miltefosine a phase IV trial 977 patients Bangladesh. At six-month final follow up, 701 were cured. 24 showed initial failure, and 95 failure at 6 months, although 73 solely by criterion low hemoglobin values. One hundred twenty-one not assessable. With conservative assumption that all values represented per protocol cure...
The relationship between birthweight, sociodemographic variables and maternal anthropometry was examined in a sample from an inner urban area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. About 21% babies were low birthweight (LBW) using the World Health Organization cut-off < 2500 g. LBW more common younger (< 20 years) older (> 30 mothers, low-income group those with little or no education. mean birthweights higher-educated, higher-income male children on average 290, 260 120 g, respectively, higher than...
The relation between biosocial factors and childhood asthma in a British national sample (n = greater than 14 000) is examined. presence of was found to associate with sex the child, parental age occupation, housing type, overcrowding as well eczema some infectious diseases. Discriminant analysis showed that it possible differentiate asthmatics non-asthmatics due mainly allergy related factors.
Multiple micronutrient deficiencies, in particular iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a severe public health problem Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). Because of the practical difficulties encountered improving nutritional adequacy traditional complementary foods and limitations associated with use liquid supplementation for treatment prevention IDA infants young children, recently, home-fortification multivitamins minerals sprinkles was recommended. This study aims to compare effect...
An adapted ‘sense of coherence’ scale short form (SOC-13) was administered in nine languages Eritrea with a total 265 participants (162 women and 103 men) order to assess ‘resilience’ quantitative terms. Statistical analysis yielded significant differences SOC scores between the displaced non-displaced: mean=54·84 (SD=6·48) internally person (IDP) camps, compared mean=48·94 (SD=11·99) urban rural settlements ( t =3·831, p <0·001). Post-hoc tests revealed that main difference is IDP camp...
Preface Part I. Historical and Demographic Studies: 1. Mating Patterns: an historical perspective A. D. J. Macfarlane 2. distance population structure: a review C. Swedlund 3. Marriage ethnicity Peach Clyde Mitchell 4. patterns in isolates L. Jakobi P. Darlu II. Mate Choice Assortative mating: 5. mating for psychometric characters G. N. Mascie-Taylor 6. anthropometric Susanne Y. Lepage 7. Application of surname frequency distributions to studies preferences W. Lasker III. Medical Biological...
SummaryBy longitudinally linking follow-up restudies of the National Child Development Study it has been possible to examine not only well-known association social class with size child, but also longitudinal growth, and, in addition effect mobility on growth. The relation type occupation male head household height and weight child is seen at all ages (7, 11 16) influence growth from 7 years onward minimal. Social a significant factor especially stature significantly related after age so...
To determine whether maternal anthropometry predicted birth weight, and if so, to identify which cut-offs provided the best prediction of low weight (LBW) in a field situation.Community-based longitudinal study.A rural union Bhaluka Upazila, Mymensingh, located 110 km north-west Dhaka, capital Bangladesh.A total 1104 normotensive, non-smoking pregnant women who attended community nutrition centres were studied from first presentation at centre until delivery their child.Most mothers between...
Objectives: To determine the extent of all forms tobacco usage in adult Bangladeshis relation to gender and locality. Methods: Three annual urban rural cross-sectional surveys were carried out between 2001 2003 involving a total 35 446 adults, whom 54.3% female 51.0% dwellers. Data collected through interview using structured questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalences smoking, chewing gul 20.5%, 20.6% 1.8%, respectively. Current smoking significantly higher males (42.2% 2.2%,...
To determine whether a cash-for-work programme during the annual food insecurity period in Bangladesh improved nutritional status poor rural women and children.The panel study involved random sample of 895 households from over 50,000 enrolled between September December 2007 921 similar control households. The height, weight mid-upper arm circumference one woman child aged less than 5 years each household were measured at baseline end (mean time: 10 weeks). Women reported 7-day expenditure...
This is a collection of eight papers by different authors on the biological and genetic implications human migration. The book synthesises consequences changed environments migrants impact immigration host populations. Patterns migration past present epidemiological demographic are considered....Individual chapters deal with peopling continents in recent effects gene flow rural to urban In addition detailed analysis relationship between adaptation disease presented. (EXCERPT)