A5010828173- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant and animal studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant responses to water stress
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
Agricultural Research Service
2020-2025
North Carolina State University
2006-2025
United States Department of Agriculture
2020-2021
North Central State College
2020
Significance Almost all grain crops grown on commercial farms are hybrid cultivars because these plants reliably healthier, larger, and more productive than their inbred parent lines. The widespread valuable phenomenon of superiority is called heterosis. Despite over a century intensive research into heterosis, it unclear how or why genomes give rise to superior phenotypes. Most hypotheses thus far have focused genetic physiological mechanisms In contrast, this article presents evidence for...
A key strategy in soybean drought research is increased stomatal sensitivity to high vapor pressure deficit (VPD), which contributes the 'slow wilting' trait observed field. These experiments examined whether temperature of growth environment affected ability plants respond VPD, and thus control transpiration rate (TR). Two [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] four wild soja (Sieb. Zucc.)] genotypes were studied. The TR was measured over a range VPD when growing at 25 or 30°C, again after an abrupt...
Abstract In this study we characterized a panel of 1,264 maize near-isogenic lines (NILs), developed from crosses between 18 diverse inbred and the recurrent parent B73, referred to as nested NILs (nNILs). 884 nNILs were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Subsequently, 24 these nNILs, all parental lines, re-genotyped high-density SNP chip. A novel pipeline for calling introgressions, which does not rely on knowing donor each nNIL, was based hidden Markov model (HMM) algorithm....
Disease resistance in plants can be conferred by single genes of large effect or multiple each conferring incomplete resistance. The latter case, termed quantitative resistance, may difficult for pathogens to overcome through evolution due the low selection pressures exerted actions any gene and, some diseases, is only identified source genetic We evaluated two diseases maize a bi-parental mapping population as well backcrosses both parents. Quantitative trait locus analysis shows that...
Water availability for turfgrass systems is often limited and likely to become more so in the future. Here, we conducted experiments that examined ability of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) control transpiration with increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) determined whether was influenced by temperature. The first study under steady-state conditions at two temperatures (21 27°C) VPDs (1.2 1.8 kPa). At lower temperature, water use similar both VPDs, indicating a restriction high...
Excessive organic matter (OM) accumulation in creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis palustris Huds.) putting greens, and its restriction of permeability, is one the most difficult problems turfgrass management. In this transition zone study, we characterized temporal spatial aspects OM accumulation, an attempt to assess effectiveness management begin uncover processes controlling C sequestration. Root samples were collected from sand‐based greens at 49 golf courses various ages, generating 212...
Field-grown maize is inoculated with Cochliobolus heterostrophus, causal agent of southern leaf blight disease, by dropping sorghum grains infested the fungus into whorl each plant at an early stage growth. The initial lesions produce secondary inoculum that dispersed wind and rain, causing multiple cycles infection assures a high uniform disease pressure over entire field time scoring, which occurs after anthesis. This method, slight modifications, can also be used to study fungal diseases...
Genome-wide association (GWA) studies can identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) putatively underlying traits of interest, and nested mapping (NAM) further assess allelic series. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) be used to characterize, dissect validate QTL, but the development NILs is costly. Previous have utilized limited numbers introgression donors. We characterized a panel 1270 maize derived from crosses between 18 diverse inbred recurrent parent B73, referred as (nNILs). The nNILs were...
The low-nitrogen status of highly weathered soils may offer a potential alternative for weed suppression in agricultural systems with N 2 -fixing crops. In this study, we used sicklepod as model to evaluate response that might occur managed reductions nitrogen-soil fertility. A field study was conducted the parental generation supplied 0, 112, 224, or 448 kg ha −1 . Decreased nitrogen fertility led reduced shoot biomass, seed number, and total mass. Individual mass lower, but % not affected....
The noxious weed Benghal dayflower has become a severely troublesome agricultural in Georgia the southeastern Unite States, and there are indications that it is moving northward. glyphosate tolerant possesses high degree of reproductive elasticity, making formidable threat many crop systems. purpose these experiments was to develop first temperature response profiles for dayflower, use them evaluate whether might limit its northward invasion into North Carolina adjacent states on U.S. east...
Calcium (Ca) is an essential plant nutrient, required for signaling, cell wall fortification and growth development. deficiency (Ca-deficiency) in maize causes leaf tip rot a so-called "bull-whipping" or "buggy-whipping" phenotype. Seedlings of the line B73 displayed these Ca-deficiency-like symptoms when grown greenhouse with excess fertilizer during winter months, while seedlings Mo17 did not display under same conditions. These differential phenotypes could be recapitulated...
ABSTRACT Hybrids account for nearly all commercially planted varieties of maize and many other crop plants, because crosses between inbred lines these species produce F1 offspring that greatly outperform their parents. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, called heterosis or hybrid vigor, are not well understood despite over a century intensive research (1). leading hypotheses—which focus on quantitative genetic (dominance, overdominance, epistasis) molecular (gene dosage...
As bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) transitions from winter dormancy to active growth in spring, nitrogen is essential for new tissue growth. We examined the relative contributions of internally stored and that taken up by preexisting newly produced roots. Field-collected dormant was transferred a nutrient solution culture system chamber. Cultures were provided either non-nitrogen-containing or one amended with nitrate labeled 15N isotope nitrogen, which allowed tracking endogenous...
The maize gene Rp1-D21 is a mutant form of the Rp1-D that confers resistance to common rust. triggers spontaneous defense response occurs in absence pathogen and includes programed cell death called hypersensitive (HR). Eleven plants heterozygous for Rp1-D21, four different genetic backgrounds, were identified had chimeric leaves with lesioned sectors showing HR abutting green nonlesioned lacking HR. sequence derived from each portions was unaltered expected whereas sequences nine displayed...