Abstract Astroglia play active and diverse roles in modulating neuronal/synaptic functions the CNS. How these astroglial are regulated, especially by neuronal signals, remains largely unknown. Exosomes, a major type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from endosomal intraluminal (ILVs), have emerged as new intercellular communication process. By generating cell-type-specific ILVs/exosome reporter (CD63-GFP f/f ) mice immuno-EM/confocal image analysis, we found CD63-GFP + ILVs...

Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. However, shortage of donor livers has become a significant obstacle to advancement transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) have been extensively investigated in diseases. underlying mechanisms how they can protect organ donation after cardiac death (DCD) remain unclear. In this study, an arterialized mouse non-heart-beating (NHB) model was used investigate effect MSCs-Exo on NHB The...

Abstract Developing astroglia play important roles in regulating synaptogenesis through secreted and contact signals. Whether they regulate postnatal axon growth is unknown. By selectively isolating exosomes using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) employing cell-type specific exosome reporter mice, our current results define a astroglial pathway that can spread long-range vivo stimulate of cortical pyramidal neurons. Subsequent biochemical genetic studies found surface expression glial...

Abstract Although historically regarded as a homogeneous cell population, astrocytes in different brain regions exhibit differences their physiological properties, such gap‐junction coupling, glutamate uptake dynamics, and intracellular Ca 2+ response. Recent vivo RNA profiles have further demonstrated the molecular heterogeneity of adult CNS. Astrocyte exists not only inter‐regionally but also intra‐regionally. Despite characteristic laminal organization cortical layers multiple sources...

Liver transplantation is the optimal treatment option for end-stage liver disease, but organ shortages dramatically restrict its application. Donation after cardiac death (DCD) an alternative approach that may expand donor pool, it faces challenges such as graft dysfunction, early loss, and cholangiopathy. Moreover, DCD grafts are no longer eligible their warm ischaemic time exceeds 30 min. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed a promising therapy of certain diseases, role MSCs in...

Periodontitis is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults due to progressive bone destruction, which closely related dysfunction mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Existing evidence suggests that mitochondrial disorders are associated with periodontitis. However, whether dysregulation contributes osteogenic impairment BMSCs and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Macrophages have been shown communicate extensively Recent studies reported a novel manner cellular communication...

Ischemic stroke patients suffer from relatively limited treatment options. Studies have shown that in cerebral ischemia, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key mediator mediating inflammatory responses and result activation of apoptosis signaling pathways. Here we assessed the Vivo Vitro effects Qingnao Dripping Pills (QNDP), traditional Chinese prescription, on apoptosis. Our results showed QNDP could significantly decrease ischemia injury improve...

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication of stroke that can damage patients' brains. More and more studies have been conducted on PSD in recent years, but the exact mechanism still not understood. Currently, animal models provide an alternative approach to better understand pathophysiology may also pave way for discovery new treatments depression. This study investigated therapeutic effect aloe-emodin (AE) rats. Previous shown AE positively affects rats by improving depression,...

Spontaneous immune tolerance in mouse liver transplantation has always been a hotspot transplantation-immune research. Recent studies revealed that regulatory T cells (Tregs), hepatic satellite and Kupffer play potential role spontaneous tolerance, however the precise mechanism of is still undefined. By using Microarray Chips, we investigated different factors to decipher critical mechanisms after transplantation. Allogeneic (C57BL/6-C3H) syngeneic (C3H-C3H) were performed by 6-8 weeks old...

Previous evidence suggested that the differentiation of Lin-CD45RA-DC precursors were prior to plasmcytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) than myeloid (mDCs) within ovarian cancer microenvironment. However, mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated function Notch 1 signal pathway in precursors.The CD34+ hematopoietic stem extracted from umbilical cord blood term parturition, and precusors separated induced mature. Expression Notch1 receptor ligands was detected by Real-time PCR...

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis is an uncommon progressive disease characterized by hamartomatous smooth muscle proliferation of the airways within lungs as well lymph nodes, lymphatics, and blood vessels lungs, mediastinum, abdomen. The most common manifestations lymphangioleiomyomatosis are pulmonary symptoms. Primary abdominal without any pathological changes in respiratory system extremely unusual. We report a case primary located between left hepatic gastric antrum 29-year-old woman. patient...

The authors describe a two-stage strategy utilizing the endoport-assisted endoscopic technique for evacuation of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) with cast third ventricle, and discuss potential pitfalls in implementation this method clinical practice.

Astrocyte secreted signals substantially affect disease pathology in neurodegenerative diseases. It remains little understood about how proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1α/tumor necrosis factor–α/C1q (ITC), often elevated diseases, alter astrocyte-secreted and their effects pathogenesis. By selectively isolating astrocyte exosomes (A-Exo.) employing cell type–specific exosome reporter mice, our current study showed that ITC cytokines significantly reduced A-Exo. secretion...

Developing astroglia play important roles in regulating synaptogenesis through secreted and contact signals. Whether they regulate postnatal axon growth is unknown. By selectively isolating exosomes using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) employing cell-type specific exosome reporter mice, our current results define a astroglial pathway that can spread long-range vivo stimulate of cortical pyramidal neurons. Subsequent biochemical genetic studies found surface expression glial HepaCAM...

Background. Therapy of nourishing kidney has been used for treating memory deficits Alzheimer’s disease (AD) thousands years based on traditional Chinese medicine. However, we found the therapy dredging bowels could alleviate both and mental symptoms AD in clinic. Objective . To determine whether enhance neuroprotective effect herbs rats, to explore underlying mechanism combination (NKDB) herbs. Methods 60 rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (SOG), model (MG), (NKG), (DBG),...

Liver transplantation (LT) is currently considered an important method in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and alternative treatment for other liver malignancies. Here, we demonstrated that the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect exists allogeneic (allo LT). Recipient-derived T cells played a critical role GVT process of allo LT, as by extensive infiltration significant activation recipient tumor after surgery. Moreover, this was related to donor-derived T/B improving immune...

The clinical features,imaging findings and pathological features of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis are summarized to evaluate their diagnostic value on raise the recognition disease through literature review.The relevant literatures reviewed,the changes symptoms imaging before after lung lavage observed.The chest (chest X-ray CT) analyzed approach proteinosis. Key words: Pulmonary proteinosis; Imageology; Trans-bronchofibroscope biopsy