A5047416457- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Data Quality and Management
- Health Sciences Research and Education
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Census and Population Estimation
- Health and Medical Research Impacts
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Vascular Tumors and Angiosarcomas
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Cardiac tumors and thrombi
- Diverse Scientific Research Studies
- Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Uganda Virus Research Institute
2020-2025
Medical Research Council
2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2022-2024
University of California, San Francisco
2018
European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer
2014
Hasselt University
2013
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> BCG confers reduced, variable protection against pulmonary tuberculosis. A more effective vaccine is needed. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of candidate regimen ChAdOx1 85A–MVA85A compared with revaccination among Ugandan adolescents. <h3>Methods</h3> After 85A dose escalation age de-escalation, we did a randomised open-label phase 2a trial healthy adolescents aged 12–17 years, who were vaccinated at birth, without evident tuberculosis...
Introduction Several licensed and investigational vaccines have lower efficacy, induce impaired immune responses, in low-income versus high-income countries rural, urban, settings. Understanding these population differences is essential to optimising vaccine effectiveness the tropics. We suggest that repeated exposure immunomodulation by chronic helminth infections partly explains response. Methods analysis designed an individually randomised, parallel group trial of intensive standard...
<ns3:p>Background Despite global efforts to improve on vaccine impact, many African countries have failed achieve equitable benefits. Reduced impact may arise from interplay between structural, social, and biological factors, that hinder communities achieving full benefits vaccination programs. However, the combined influence of these factors reduced spatial distribution vulnerable remains poorly understood. In this work, we developed a Community Vaccine Impact Vulnerability Index (CVIVI)...
Abstract Vaccine responses are sometimes impaired in rural, low-income settings. Helminth-associated gut barrier dysfunction and microbial translocation (MT) may be implicated. We used samples from a trial of praziquantel treatment-effects on vaccine Schistosoma mansoni ( Sm )-endemic Ugandan islands, measuring intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 (I-FABP2), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, anti-endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCab), soluble CD14 (sCD14) plasma, faecal lipocalin-2,...
Several vaccines elicit lower efficacy or impaired immune responses in rural compared to urban settings, and tropical low-income countries high-income countries. An unresolved hypothesis is that immunomodulation by parasitic infections such as helminths (prevalent settings) contributes suppression of vaccine responses. Among 1–17-year-old Ugandan residents Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)-endemic islands proximate communities with helminth exposure, we assessed plasma antibody whole blood assay...
One of the main barriers management household tuberculosis child contacts is necessity for parents to bring healthy children facility. We assessed feasibility a community intervention (TB) contact and conditions its evaluation in cluster randomized controlled trial Cameroon Uganda.We three dimensions using mixed method approach: (1) recruitment capability retrospective aggregated data from facility registers; (2) acceptability focus group discussions with TB patients in-depth interviews...
Introduction Vaccine-specific immune responses vary between populations and are often impaired in low income, rural settings. Drivers of these differences not fully elucidated, hampering identification strategies for optimising vaccine effectiveness. We hypothesise that urban–rural (and regional international) mediated to an important extent by differential exposure chronic infections, particularly parasitic infections. Methods analysis Three related trials sharing core elements study design...
Background Variations in vaccine responses have been observed between populations. A role for helminth infections has proposed due to their immunomodulatory properties. In a secondary analysis of data from randomised trial assessing effects anthelminthic treatment on responses, we examined associations at baseline prior administration, and among adolescents (9-17 years) Koome Islands, Lake Victoria, Uganda. Methods Participants received BCG [week 0], yellow fever (YF-17D), oral typhoid...
A universal health care identifier (UHID) facilitates the development of longitudinal medical records in settings where follow up and tracking persons across sectors are needed. HIV case-based surveillance (CBS) entails cases from diagnosis, linkage to treatment, is recommended for second generation surveillance. In absence a UHID, matching, linking, deduplication may be done using score-based matching algorithms. We present stepwise process algorithms based on demographic data improve CBS...
Introduction There is evidence that BCG immunisation may protect against unrelated infectious illnesses. This has led to the postulation administering before vaccines enhance responses these vaccines. might also model effects of on infections. Methods and analysis To test this hypothesis, we have designed a randomised controlled trial versus no determine effect subsequent vaccines, among 300 adolescents (aged 13–17 years) from Ugandan birth cohort. Our schedule will comprise three main days...
<ns3:p>Background Vaccination is an important public health intervention, but not everyone benefits equally. Biological, social and structural factors render some communities vulnerable unable to secure optimal from vaccination programmes. This drives inequity undermines wider vaccine impact by allowing the persistence of non-immune as foci for recurrent disease outbreaks. The NIHR Global Health Research Group on Vaccines people in Africa (VAnguard) aims understand how biological, social,...
Research site monitoring (RSM) is an effective way to ensure compliance with Good Clinical Practice (GCP). However, RSM not offered trainees (investigators) at African Institutions routinely. The Makerere University/Uganda Virus Institute Centre of Excellence in Infection and Immunity Training (MUII-Plus) introduced internal promote the quality trainees' research projects. Here, we share our model, experiences achievements, challenges encountered.
Introduction Drivers of lower vaccine efficacy and impaired vaccine-specific immune responses in low-income versus high-income countries, rural compared with urban settings, are not fully elucidated. Repeated exposure to immunomodulation by parasite infections may be important. We focus on Plasmodium falciparum malaria, aiming determine whether there reversible effects malaria infection responses. Methods analysis have designed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group...
Objective We investigated the survival of patients who had undergone elective reconstruction ascending aorta for degenerative aneurysms. The long-term was compared to an age- and sex-matched case-control population. An analysis risk factors, infl uencing made.Methods results From May 1998 to-01-2012, 72 underwent disease at department Cardiothoracic Surgery Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium. Sixty were treated with Bentall procedures, whereas 12 received valve-sparing procedures. average age...
Background: Vaccine responses differ between populations, and are often impaired in rural, low-income settings. The reasons for this not fully understood. Immunomodulating effects of parasitic helminths may contribute. We hypothesised that Schistosoma mansoni (Sm) infection suppresses to unrelated vaccines, suppression can be reversed, at least partly, by intensive praziquantel treatment. Methods: conducted an open-label randomised, controlled trial versus standard intervention against Sm...
Background: There is increasing evidence that immune responses induced by several important vaccines are reduced in low-income equatorial and rural settings, compared to high-income urban settings. BCG immunisation has been shown enhance unrelated populations. We hypothesized revaccination with might Ugandan schoolchildren.Methods: designed an open-label, randomised, controlled trial of versus no determine the effect on immunogenicity subsequent among schoolchildren aged 13–17 years from a...
Background: Several important vaccines differ in immunogenicity and efficacy between populations. We hypothesized that malaria suppresses responses to unrelated this effect can be reversed, at least partially, by monthly intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) high-transmission settings. Methods: conducted an individually randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the IPT with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) on vaccine among schoolchildren (9-17 years) Jinja district, Uganda...