Study Design A case-control study. Objectives To examine the function of diaphragm during postural limb activities in patients with chronic low back pain and healthy controls. Background Abnormal stabilizing may be an etiological factor spinal disorders. However, a study designed specifically to test dynamics disorders is lacking. Methods Eighteen due overloading, as ascertained via clinical assessment magnetic resonance imaging, 29 subjects were examined. Both groups presented normal...

The aim was to describe diaphragmatic behavior during postural limb activities and examine the ventilatory stabilizing functions of diaphragm. Thirty healthy subjects were examined in supine position using a dynamic MRI system assessed simultaneously with specialized spirometric readings. excursions (DEs) measured at three points sagittal plane; diaphragm positions (DPs) as related reference horizontal baseline determined. Measurements taken tidal breathing (TB) isometric flexion upper or...

$\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}:{\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}$ crystals grown by the Czochralski technique and $\mathrm{Gd}\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}:{\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}$ $\mathrm{Lu}\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}:{\mathrm{Tm}}^{3+}$ floating-zone were investigated using methods of optical spectroscopy. Polarized absorption emission spectra recorded at room temperature $6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. The crystal-field analysis was performed assuming ${D}_{2\mathrm{d}}$ site symmetry for...

Spectroscopic and laser properties of a newly developed high optical quality Er:CaF2 hot-formed ceramic were investigated. Under pulsed 968 nm diode pumping, the mid-infrared (2.7 μm) radiation was obtained with slope efficiency 3%. Laser tunability reached using birefringent filter tuning range 118 nm, from 2687 up to 2805 demonstrated. The maximal output energy 0.48 mJ at 2730 for absorbed pumping 34 mJ.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and sarcoidosis belong to interstitial lung diseases (ILD) where an imbalance of regulatory, profibrotic antifibrotic cytokines is hypothesized. The relationship bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (BALF) cytokines, BALF cell profile ILD course supposed. aim our study was correlate cytokine chemokine levels with cellular characteristics function parameters in different ILD. Twenty-two sarcoidosis, seven IPF 11 HP patients...

Abstract A compact diode pumped Er:YLF laser emitting at wavelength 2825 nm was designed and constructed. Radiation delivery from this source by special hollow glass waveguides with inner diameters of 250, 320, 540, or 700 $$\upmu$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> </mml:math> m investigated. The power transmission up to 91% for around 1 long waveguide. Measured waveguide efficient transfer could serve as an appropriate solution mid infrared...

Q-switched microchip laser emitting radiation at wavelength 1338 nm was designed and constructed. This based on a monolith crystal which combines in one piece cooling undoped part (undoped YAG crystal), an active (Nd 3+ :YAG), saturable absorber (V :YAG, T 0 =85%). The resonator consists of dielectric mirrors directly deposited the surfaces. output coupler with reflection 90% placed V -doped part. tested under pulsed, CW diode pumping. pulse length same for all regimes it equals to 6.2 ns....

RhD-positive subjects are protected against toxoplasmosis-associated impairment of psychomotor performance. Here we searched for RhD-positivity-associated maternal protection the effects toxoplasmosis.In present retrospective cohort study, analysed data from 785 (139 RhD-negative) Toxoplasma-free and 194 (27 Toxoplasma-infected pregnant women. We toxoplasmosis Rhd-phenotype on weight before pregnancy, pregnancy gain, fetal ultrasound (biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, femur...

Spectroscopic properties and laser output results of Pr-doped YAlO3 material under 1-W GaN-laser-diode pumping at various resonator arrangement (linear, V-folded, microchip configuration) are reviewed compared. Continuous power up to 140 mW in the near-infrared spectral range 747 nm wavelength as well 45% slope efficiency (with respect absorbed pump power) intracavity frequency doubling resulting 12.3 blue emission is reported.

In this Letter, we demonstrate the pulsed and CW operation of Dy:PbGa2S4 laser directly pumped by 1.7 μm diode. regime (pulse duration 5 ms; repetition rate 20 Hz), maximum mean output power 9.5 mW was obtained with slope efficiency 9.3% respect to absorbed pump power. The generated wavelength 4.32 μm, beam cross section approximately Gaussian on both axes. Stable generation also successfully 67 8%. Depopulation lower level radiation absorption followed 1.3 upconversion fluorescence...

The aim of the study was to evaluate influence Er:YAG laser irradiation on debonding metal and ceramic brackets enamel damage ex vivo.The principle safe bracket is degrade adhesive resin strength connecting tooth bracket. Removal from surfaces without iatrogenic (enamel loss) generally main problem otherwise very successful method aesthetic straightening teeth.Forty (Clarity™ Advanced Victory Series™; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA) were standardly bonded buccal polished 30 caries-free human third...

Stimulated Raman scattering process in Nd:SrWO4 crystal was employed to frequency down-shift the fundamental of a Nd:YAG mode-locked laser system. A single-pass configuration investigated for this purpose. After that built and coherent pumping by alexandrite radiation used. The simultaneous generation stimulated proofed case Q-switching mode-locking cavity. For 50 ps long (1064 nm) pulsed first Stokes maximum energy conversion efficiency were 1.6 mJ 25% , respectively. With free-running 90...

Cr:ZnSe crystal newly grown by Bridgman method was investigated as an active material for laser coherently pumped either flashlamp-pumped Er:YAP (wavelength 1.66 μm) or diode Tm:YAP 1.97 radiations. The maximal output pulse energy, the case of flashlamp pumping, 14 mJ (slope efficiency 66%) with length 120 μs. generated radiation tunable from 2.15 μm to 2.60 only 2.5 times drop in energy. In diode-pumped pumping obtained power cw regime 195 mW absorbed pump 300 66%). 2.12 up 2.38 μm.