Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is a brain region that subserves cognition and motor control, but the mechanisms of these functions remain unknown. Human neuroimaging monkey electrophysiology studies have provided valuable insights, it has been difficult to link two literatures. Based on single-unit recordings, we hypothesized human dACC comprised mixture functionally distinct cells variously anticipate detect targets, indicate novelty, influence responses, encode reward values,...

Cortical projections to subdivisions of the cingulate cortex in rhesus monkey were analyzed with horseradish peroxidase and tritiated amino acid tracers. These evaluated terms an expanded cytoarchitectural scheme which areas 24 23 divided into three ventrodorsal parts, i.e., 24a-c 23a-c. Most cortical input area 25 originated frontal lobe lateral 46 9 orbitofrontal 11 14. Area also received afferents from 24b, 24c, 23b, rostral auditory association TS2 TS3, subiculum CA1 sector hippocampus,...

Abstract The surface morphology land cytoarchitecture of human cingulate cortex was evaluated in the brains 27 neurologically intact individuals. Variations features included a single sulcus (CS) with or without segmentation double parallel sulci segmentation. CS deeper (9.7 ± 0.81 mm) than cases (7.5 0.48 mm). There were dimples to anterior (ACC) and anastomoses between superior CS. Flat maps medial cortical made two‐stage reconstruction process used plot areas. ACC is agranular has...

Abstract The cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents of cingulate cortex were evaluated in the rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatto ). Area 24 has three divisions which area 24a is adjacent to callosal sulcus least laminar differentiation. 24b more clearly defined layers II, III, Va, 24c, forms lower bank anterior sulcus, a particularly dense layer III. 23 also divisions, each distinct IV. 23a thinnest II–IV, have same cell density as V VI. 23b largest pyramids IIIc 23c, depths posterior broadest...

Abstract The connections of rat cingulate cortex with visual, motor, and postsubicular cortices were investigated retrograde anterograde tracing techniques. In addition, between visual the (area 48) parasubicular 49) evaluated same following conclusions drawn Area 29 connections: Afferents to area originate mainly from areas 24 25, (primarily 18b), motor 8, 11 frontal cortex, 48 49, subiculum. Efferent within differ for each cytoarchitectural subdivision 29. Thus, 29c has limited projections...

Abstract Anterior cingulate cortex is comprised of perigenual and midcingulate regions based on cytology, imaging connections. Its anterior (aMCC) posterior (pMCC) parts transition to area 23 were evaluated in six human gyri with Nissl staining immunoreactions for neuron‐specific nuclear binding protein intermediate neurofilament proteins (NFP), their pain emotion functions standard coordinates. Morphological differences included a poorly differentiated layer III few NFP‐expressing neurons...

The anterior cingulate cortex receives thalamic afferents mainly from the midline and intralaminar nuclei rather than nuclei. In contrast, posterior primarily extensive cortical areas in frontal, parietal, temporal lobes. These contrasting may provide a structural basis for pain-related functions of cortex.

Abstract Neurosurgical and positron emission tomography (PET) human studies animal electrophysiological show that part of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is nociceptive. Since contribution ACC to pain processing poorly understood, this study employed PET magnetic resonance (MR) image co‐registration in grouped individual cases locate regions altered relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Seven right‐handed, neurologically intact males were subjects; each received...

1. Single-unit responses in area 24 of cingulate cortex were examined halothane-anesthetized rabbits during stimulation the skin with transcutaneous electrical (TCES, 3-10 mA), mechanical (smooth or serrated forceps to dorsal body surface graded pressures 100-1,500 g stabilized ear) and thermal (> 25 degrees C) stimulation. 2. Of 542 units tested cortex, 150 responded noxious TCES = 6 93 221 (serrated forceps) 9 47 heat 43 stimuli. Twenty-five percent that stimuli also The only innocuous...

Abstract The cytoarchitecture of rat cingulate cortex is described. This includes the topographical distribution and layering patterns Brodmann's areas 25, 32, 24, 29a, b, c, d. Area 24 subdivided into a ventral area 24a dorsal 24b, but an 23 could not be identified between 29 An analysis Golgi impregnations in demonstrates that most neuronal types recognized neocortical are also present cortex. Besides typical inverted pyramidal cells, there wide variety nonpyramidal including multipolar,...

Abstract The structural and functional organization of the human cingulate cortex is an ongoing focus; however, imaging studies continue to use century‐old Brodmann concept a two region cortex. Recently, four‐region neurobiological model was proposed based on structural, circuitry, observations. It encompasses anterior cingulate, midcingulate, posterior retrosplenial cortices (ACC, MCC, PCC, RSC, respectively). For first time, this study performs multireceptor autoradiography 15...

Abstract Each division of rat visual cortex, areas 17, 18a, and 18b, has connections with sensory, motor, association cortices. These corticocortical were sampled using anterograde autoradiographic retrograde horseradish peroxidase labeling techniques. Area 17 is connected via reciprocal pathways each the posterior one‐third motor area 8, 7, posteroventral 36 temporal cortex. It also receives projections from perirhinal 13 35. 18a a patch in somatosensory 3, dorsal auditory 41. Like...