A5028231696- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Climate variability and models
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Laser Design and Applications
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
2015-2024
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics
2009
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
2007-2008
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
2007
Langley Research Center
2007
National Institute of Optics
2004
State University of New York at Oswego
2002
Yale University
2002
United States Naval Research Laboratory
2002
Met Office
2002
Abstract Within the framework of international field campaign COPS (Convective and Orographically‐induced Precipitation Study), a large suite state‐of‐the‐art meteorological instrumentation was operated, partially combined for first time. This includes networks in situ remote‐sensing systems such as Global Positioning System well synergy multi‐wavelength passive active instruments advanced radar lidar systems. The phase performed from 01 June to 31 August 2007 low‐mountain area southwestern...
Abstract An activity designed to characterise patterns of mesoscale (20 2,000 km) organisation shallow clouds in the downstream trades is described. Patterns observed from space were subjectively defined and learned by 12 trained scientists. The ability individuals communicate, learn replicate classification was evaluated. Nine‐hundred satellite images spanning area 48°W 58°W, 10°N 20°N for boreal winter months (December–February) over 10 years (2007/2008 2016/2017) classified. Each scene...
Wavelet analysis is applied to airborne infrared lidar data obtain an objective determination of boundaries in aerosol backscatter that are associated with boundary layer structure. This technique allows high-resolution spatial variability planetary height and other structures be derived complex, multilayered atmospheres. The illustrated using from four different systems deployed on field campaigns. One case illustrates high-frequency retrieval the top a strongly convective layer. A second...
The integrated-path differential-absorption lidar CHARM-F (CO2 and CH4 Remote Monitoring-Flugzeug) was developed for the simultaneous measurement of greenhouse gases CO2 onboard German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude Long Range Research Aircraft). purpose is to derive weighted, column-averaged dry-air mixing ratios two with high precision accuracy between ground or cloud tops. This paper presents first measurements, performed in spring 2015, shows performance analyses as well...
Abstract. Methane is the third most important greenhouse gas in atmosphere after water vapour and carbon dioxide. A major handicap to quantify emissions at Earth's surface order better understand biosphere-atmosphere exchange processes potential climate feedbacks lack of accurate global observations methane. Space-based integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar has fill this gap, a Remote Lidar Mission (MERLIN) on small satellite polar orbit was proposed by DLR CNES frame...
Abstract An intensive water vapour intercomparison effort, involving airborne and ground‐based lidar systems, was carried out in the framework of COPS experiment. The main objective this paper is to provide accurate error estimates for these systems. Comparisons between Raman BASIL CNRS DIAL (Differential Absorption Lidar) indicate a mean relative bias two sensors, calculated with respect value −2.13% (−0.034 g kg −1 ) altitude region 0.5–3.5 km, while comparisons DLR lead 1.87% (0.018 same...
In situ, airborne and satellite measurements are used to characterize the structure of water vapor in lower tropical troposphere—below height, $$z_*,$$ triple-point isotherm, $$T_*.$$ The evaluated light understanding how lower-tropospheric influences clouds, convection circulation, through both radiative thermodynamic effects. Lower-tropospheric vapor, which concentrates first few kilometers above boundary layer, controls cooling profile layer troposphere. Elevated moist layers originating...
Abstract. Power plants and large industrial facilities contribute more than half of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Quantifying the emissions these point sources is therefore one main goals planned constellation monitoring satellites (CO2M) European Copernicus program. Atmospheric transport models may be used to study capabilities such through observing system simulation experiments quantify in an inverse modeling framework. How realistically plumes power can simulated how strongly...
During the Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment (LACE 98), airborne measurements of aerosol size distribution, fine‐particle concentration, particle absorption coefficient, backscatter depolarization, and chemical composition as well ground‐based spectral optical depth extinction coefficients were performed in column above Lindenberg, Germany. We compare measured parameters with calculations from distributions, which assume to consist sulfuric acid near tropopause mixtures ammonium...
In the framework of Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment (SAMUM) in 2008, mixing urban pollution plume Dakar (Senegal) with mineral dust was studied detail using German research aircraft Falcon which equipped a nadir-looking high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) and extensive aerosol situ instrumentation. The layer as well were probed remotely by HSRL situ. Back trajectory analyses used to attribute samples source regions.We found that emission from region increased optical depth (532 nm)...
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are the most important of greenhouse gases that directly influenced by human activities. The Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) lidar technique using hard target reflection in near IR (1.57μm 1.64μm) to measure column-averaged dry air mixing ratio CO2 CH4 with high precision low bias has potential deliver measurements from space needed understand sources sinks these gases. IPDA require tunable laser at 1.57 μm 1.64 coincide appropriate...
Abstract. Subvisible cirrus clouds (SVCs) may contribute to dehydration close the tropical tropopause. The higher and colder SVCs larger their ice crystals, more likely they represent last efficient point of contact gas phase with and, hence, dehydrating step, before air enters stratosphere. first simultaneous in situ remote sensing measurements were taken during APE-THESEO campaign western Indian ocean February/March 1999. observed clouds, termed Ultrathin Tropical Tropopause Clouds...
A stationary mountain wave, embedded in southwesterly flow over Mont Blanc the Alps, was observed simultaneously by three research aircraft and types of remote sensing: GPS dropsondes, airborne light detecting ranging (lidar), rapid-scan satellite imagery. These observations provide a basis for testing linear nonlinear theories how waves complex terrain are controlled ambient wind profile, especially effects low-level stagnant layer jet stream aloft. The blocked near ground reduced amplitude...
We present a description of the evolution convective boundary layer (CBL) over boreal forests Saskatchewan and Manitoba, as observed by National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Electra research aircraft during 1994 Boreal Ecosystem‐Atmosphere Study (BOREAS). All observations were made between 1530 2230 UT (0930–1630 local solar time (LST)). show that CBL flux divergence often led to drying course day, with greatest (approaching 0.5 g kg −1 h ) in morning, 1000–1200 LST, decreasing...
A near-infrared airborne differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system has become operational. Horizontal and vertical water vapor profiles of the troposphere during summer (nighttime) conditions extending from top planetary boundary layer (PBL) up to near tropopause are investigated. These measurements have been performed in Southern Bavaria, Germany. The design, frequency control units, an estimation laser line profile narrow-band dye discussed. Effective cross sections terms altitude...
We report on the first simultaneous in situ and remote measurements of subvisible cirrus uppermost tropical troposphere. The observed cirrus, called UTTCs (ultrathin tropopause clouds), are geometrically (200–300 m) optically (τ ≈ 10 −4 ) thinnest large‐scale clouds ever sampled (≈10 5 km 2 ). consist only a few ice particles per liter with mean radius ≈5 μm, containing 1–5 % total water. Yet, brief adiabatic cooling events 1–2 K below ambient temperature destabilize UTTCs, leading to large...
Abstract. In the tropics, deep convection is major source of uncertainty in water vapor transport to upper troposphere and into stratosphere. Although accurate measurements this region would be first order importance better understand processes that govern stratospheric concentrations trends context a changing climate, they are sparse because instrumental shortcomings observational challenges. Therefore, Falcon research aircraft Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) flew...
Abstract This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the variability water vapour in growing convective boundary‐layer (CBL) over land, highlighting complex links between advection, activity and moisture heterogeneity boundary layer. A Large‐eddy Simulation (LES) is designed, based on observations, validated, using an independent data‐set collected during International H 2 O Project (IHOP_2002) field‐experiment. Ample information about distribution space time, as well other important CBL...
Abstract A Saharan dust event affected the Rhine valley in southwestern Germany and eastern France on 1 August 2007 during Convective Orographically‐induced Precipitation Study (COPS) experiment. Prior to an episode of intense convection, a layer dry, clean air capped by moist, dusty was observed using Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) airborne ground‐based lidar observations from North Africa western Europe. The origin different layers investigated...
Abstract Vertical profiles of the latent heat flux in a convective boundary layer (CBL) are obtained for first time over complex terrain with airborne water vapour differential absorption lidar and Doppler wind lidar. During Convective Orographically‐induced Precipitation Study (COPS) Black Forest mountains south‐western Germany both lidars were installed nadir‐viewing onboard Falcon research aircraft Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐ und Raumfahrt (DLR). On 30 July 2007, additional situ...
Abstract A deeper understanding of how clouds will respond to a warming climate is one the outstanding challenges in science. Uncertainties response clouds, and particularly shallow have been identified as dominant source discrepancy model estimates equilibrium sensitivity. As community gains many processes involved, there growing appreciation critical role played by fluctuations water vapor coupling atmospheric circulations. Reduction uncertainties cloud-climate feedbacks convection...
Abstract Future spaceborne lidar measurements of key anthropogenic greenhouse gases are expected to close current observational gaps particularly over remote, polar, and aerosol‐contaminated regions, where actual in situ passive remote sensing observation techniques have difficulties. For methane, a “Methane Remote Lidar Mission” was proposed by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐ und Raumfahrt Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales the frame German‐French climate monitoring initiative. Simulations...
Agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) release is the most dominant anthropogenic emission sector of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), therefore contribute significantly to global warming. However, there are large uncertainties in both, top-down bottom-up estimates especially on regional scale. Process models have difficulties properly reproduce complexity underlying GHG formation processes. In addition, complicated measurement conditions, such as areas, strong temporal variability spatial...