Organizations seek to differentiate themselves in the marketplace by deploying information technology (IT) develop dynamic IT capabilities and resist competitors' attempts imitate or improve these capabilities. While this strategy has been justified on grounds that are durably heterogeneous, there does not seem be empirical evidence supporting refuting assumption. This study empirically validates assumption of durable heterogeneity organizational capability (ITC) due path dependence. We...

This study investigates the development and sustainability of a firm's information technology (IT) capability reputation from an IT executive's standpoint. Building on institutional theory, we argue that executives will try to achieve external legitimacy (i.e., project image superior stakeholders) in hope top management team board members reciprocate by elevating internal executives. Firms develop such culture reciprocity with their are more likely sustain reputation. Econometric results...

This paper discusses the management of climate change risks for equity investments and presents a scenario-based framework building sustainable portfolios under scheme. An empirical analysis is first performed using historical price data to show inferior risk-adjusted performance carbon-intensive industries in North American stock market, which supplements evidence from existing literature market's gradual pricing risk. Risk modules are devised with subjective top-level constraints achieve...

Crude oil intraday return curves collected from commodity futures markets often appear to be serially uncorrelated and long-range conditionally heteroscedastic. We model this stylised feature with a newly proposed functional GARCH-X use it forecast crude volatility. The predicted volatility provides important economic implications in both risk management utility benefits improvements. remarkable correction modelling terms of an in-sample fitting, although its out-of-sample performances...

This paper investigates strategic investments needed to mitigate transition risks, particularly focusing on sectors significantly impacted by the shift a low-carbon economy. It emphasizes importance of tailored sector-specific strategies and role government interventions, such as carbon taxes subsidies, in shaping corporate behavior. In providing multi-period framework, this evaluates economic operational trade-offs companies face under four various decarbonization scenarios: immediate,...

Semi-supervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) has recently received increasing attention, which aims to distinguish anomalous patterns from graphs under the guidance of a moderate amount labeled data and large volume unlabeled data. Although these proposed semi-supervised GAD methods have achieved great success, their superior performance will be seriously degraded when provided labels are extremely limited due some unpredictable factors. Besides, existing primarily focus on in static...

Abstract In response to the widespread availability of illegal contraband, federal and five provincial governments in Canada implemented a 40–60% reduction cigarette excise taxes February 1994. We exploit this unique discrete policy shock by estimating effects on youth smoking with data from 1992–1996 Waterloo Smoking Prevention Program, 1991 General Social Survey, 1994 Youth 1996–1997 1998–1999 National population Health Surveys, 1999 Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey. Empirical...

We examine the theoretical, empirical, and public policy implications of pro- portion females in establishment. Arrow's model heterogeneous employer discrim- ination provides predictions that are tested. Empirical results indicate support for theory using establishment data, but a contradiction is obtained with individual data. It es- timated proportion accounts 26 per cent gender log wage gap. Implications employment equity considered context new method decomposing gap such can reduce this...

In this paper, we examine the idea that a general model of consumption should allow for direct effect government expenditures in two-good permanent-income model. We show, given an assumed preference specification, there is cointegration restriction implied by intraperiod first-order condition This leads to linear deterministic relation between spending, private consumption, and their relative price supported data. Using recover parameters, estimate elasticity substitution both be about 0.9....

Functional data objects derived from high‐frequency financial often exhibit volatility clustering. Versions of functional generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (FGARCH) models have recently been proposed to describe such data, however so far basic diagnostic tests for these are not available. We propose two portmanteau type measure conditional heteroscedasticity in the squares asset return curves. A complete asymptotic theory is provided each test. also show how can be...

Using the degree of accessibility foreign investors to emerging stock markets, or investibility, as a proxy for extent investments, we assess whether investibility has significant influence on diffusion global market information across stocks in markets. We show that greater reduces price delay where is measured proportion returns explained by lagged world regression contemporaneous and local returns. also find highly investible lead those non-investible because they incorporate more...