Through the use of an original data set bill initiation activity in six presidential democracies, we advance scholarly understanding how institutional incentives faced by legislative candidates influence representation. We extend and adapt theory, derived primarily from experience U.S. Congress, demonstrating its viability, once assumed constants case are explicitly modeled, quite distinct contexts. In particular, find focus individual legislators on national versus parochial concerns...

We examine factors that affect the supply of and demand for female cabinet ministers in Latin America seek to understand frequency with which women join cabinets types portfolios receive. Our analysis covers 18 American democracies from 1980 2003. find presidents parties left appoint more women. Increases percentage legislature higher human development correlate cabinet. Intense partisan competition increases likelihood a will contain woman. Women are likely receive high‐prestige posts...

Are presidential cabinets gendered institutions? This important question has been ignored for Latin America to date. In this article, the authors propose four benchmarks evaluating whether should be classified as institutions. If they are we observe (1) that there differences in career length, continuity, and mobility between men women; (2) women receive feminine domain posts masculine ones; (3) ministries offer greater potential upward mobility; (4) must better qualified than appointments....

This article examines whether the career needs of legislators – to be re-elected or move on another political post allow us explain rules governing committee structures and assignments individual obtain. It uses institutional variations provided by Argentina, Costa Rica, Venezuela test hypotheses about assignment mechanisms. finds that incentives created candidate selection procedures electoral show some relationship assignments, but with a good deal variation across national cases careers.

We examine factors that affect the supply of and demand for female cabinet ministers in Latin America seek to understand frequency with which women join cabinets types portfolios receive. Our analysis covers 18 American democracies from 1980 2003. find presidents parties left appoint more women. Increases percentage legislature higher human development correlate cabinet. Intense partisan competition increases likelihood a will contain woman. Women are likely receive high-prestige posts...

Decentralization is argued to create incentives for local and regional politicians be more responsive accountable their constituents, but few studies have directly tested this claim. We use survey data from Colombia examine individual‐level evaluations of the degree which decentralization prompts citizens view department government as accountable. estimate effect administrative, fiscal, political decentralization, controlling participation, knowledge, confidence in government, education,...

A worldwide trend of decentralizing political power, fiscal authority, and the responsibility for providing services to subnational governments has been especially evident in Latin America over past decade. This article focuses on variation intracountry support decentralization, using data bill initiation from Colombia Venezuela determine domestic sources this policy. While prior findings that decentralization is supported by parties whose future electoral prospects are better at level,...

Journal Article Fiscal Decentralization and Federalism in Latin America Get access Maria Escobar-Lemmon Texas A&M University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Publius: The of Federalism, Volume 31, Issue 4, Fall 2001, Pages 23–41, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof.a004919 Published: 01 January 2001

The salience of judicial institutions in democratic and nondemocratic countries has increased, making it important to have women on these powerful visible decision-making bodies. Yet, only recently gained entrance peak bodies including constitutional supreme courts. appointment the first woman a high court is historic landmark, breaking traditional ideas who can should be court. Using global, longitudinal data set we show that certain explanatory factors matter differently wealthy, stable...

In this article, we examine gender differences in news media portrayals of nominees to high courts and whether those vary across country time. Although past research has examined coverage candidates for elective office, few studies have looked at court nominees. As women are increasingly nominated around the world, it is important how nominations covered by there significant variation based on gender. We analyze justices five democracies: Argentina, Australia, Canada, South Africa, United...

Critical race feminists call attention to the ways in which multiple and overlapping forms of privilege discrimination shape individual experiences perspectives. In this article, we argue that judiciaries cannot be fully inclusive if their composition does not reflect a society's intersecting sources disadvantage. We consider intersectional inclusion on high courts from comparative perspective. Most existing practices representation promote groups as they are internally homogenous. explore...

Journal Article Federalism and Democracy in Latin America Get access by Edward L. Gibson. Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004. 336 pp. Cloth, $49.95; paper, $18.95. Maria Escobar-Lemmon Texas A&M Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 120, Issue 1, Spring 2005, Pages 173–174, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-165X.2005.tb01351.x Published: 25 March 2013

Do women elected officials contribute to the creation of public sector workforces that are more representative populations they serve? A bureaucracy is expected produce better outcomes, and thus understanding role leadership plays in diversifying important. Using data from over 5000 Brazilian municipalities 2001 2012, we examine whether election mayors leads formation municipal executive bureaucracies terms gender. In addition, test presence a woman mayor increased wages for bureaucrats...

The process of selecting cabinet ministers often takes place behind closed doors, including weighing the need to balance or manage factions within president's party and/or coalition partners; addressing demands for diversity in cabinet, such as appointment women other historically underrepresented groups; sending signals about administration's policy agenda; and enabling president have people he she trusts close at hand. On hand, ministerial exits are usually less private affairs. In some...

This article considers the role of executives and legislatures in authoring decentralizing legislation to study type decentralization each sought achieve. I find that differences across branches are more significant than political parties. The executive played a process emphasizing administrative forms decentralization. Congressional efforts write laws, on contrary, focused aspects. Thus, involvement both policymaking contributed multidimensional form high degree Colombia.