A5067487421- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Research Data Management Practices
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center
2015-2025
Agricultural Research Service
2013-2023
United States Department of Agriculture
2009-2023
Sustainable Energy Systems (United Kingdom)
2009-2016
Goodwin College
2015
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2015
Oil Crops Research Institute
2015
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2015
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
2010
Cornell University
2002-2007
Permanganate oxidizable C (POXC; i.e., active C) is a relatively new method that can quantify labile soil rapidly and inexpensively. Despite limited reports of positive correlations with particulate organic (POC), microbial biomass (MBC), other fractions, little known about what fractions POXC most closely reflects. We measured across wide range types, ecosystems, geographic areas (12 studies, 53 total sites, n = 1379) to: (i) determine the relationship between POC, MBC (SOC) (ii) relative...
Abstract Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular eukaryotic alga possessing single chloroplast that widely used as model system for the study of photosynthetic processes. This report analyzes surprising structural and evolutionary features completely sequenced 203,395-bp plastid chromosome. The genome divided by 21.2-kb inverted repeats into two single-copy regions ∼80 kb contains only 99 genes, including full complement tRNAs atypical genes encoding RNA polymerase. A remarkable feature...
Our objective is to provide an optimistic strategy for reversing soil degradation by increasing public and private research efforts understand the role of biology, particularly microbiology, on health our world’s soils. We begin defining quality/soil (which we consider be interchangeable terms), characterizing healthy resources, relating significance agroecosystems their functions. examine how biology influences biological properties processes contribute sustainability agriculture ecosystem...
Abstract Organic producers in the mid-Atlantic region of USA are interested reducing tillage, labor and time requirements for grain production. Cover crop-based, organic rotational no-till production is one approach to accomplish these goals. This becoming more viable with advancements a system planting crops into cover crop residue flattened by roller–crimper. However, inability consistently control weeds, particularly perennial major constraint. biomass can be increased manipulating...
What is a resilient, healthy soil? A resilient soil capable of recovering from or adapting to stress, and the health living/biological component crucial for resiliency. Soil tightly coupled with concept quality (table 1), terms are frequently used interchangeably. The living biota represents small fraction (<0.05% dry weight), but it essential many functions overall quality. Some these key services production agriculture (1) nutrient provision cycling, (2) pest pathogen protection, (3)...
We used complementary morphological and DNA metabarcoding approaches to characterize soil nematode communities in three cropping systems, conventional till (CT), no-till (NT) organic (ORG), from a long-term field experiment. hypothesized that inputs the ORG system would promote more abundant community, NT show structured trophic (higher Bongers MI) than CT due decreased disturbance. The abundance of Tylenchidae Cephalobidae both showed positive correlations carbon nitrogen, which were...
Increasing the efficiency of food production systems while reducing negative environmental effects remains a key societal challenge to successfully meet needs growing global population. The herbicide glyphosate has become nearly ubiquitous component agricultural across globe, enabling an increasing adoption no-till agriculture. Despite this widespread use, there considerable debate on consequences exposure. In paper, we examine effect soil microbial communities associated with roots...
Abstract Fungal endophytes can improve plant tolerance to abiotic stress. However, the role of these plant–fungal interactions in invasive species ecology and their management implications remain unclear. This study characterized fungal endophyte communities native lineages Phragmites australis assessed dark septate (DSE) salt this species. We used Illumina sequencing characterize root contiguous stands P. along a salinity gradient. DSE colonization was throughout growing season field,...
The performance of legume–grass cover crop mixtures may be influenced by the species proportions in mixture. objectives this study were to: (i) evaluate total aboveground biomass and resulting from different hairy vetch (legume; Vicia villosa Roth)/cereal rye (grass; Secale cereale L.) sown proportions, (ii) characterize N content C/N ratios response to (iii) quantify biologically fixed nitrogen (BFN) potential transfer BFN associated cereal rye. A gradient six ranging 100% was drilled fall...
Fungi in the genus Metarhizium are insect pathogens able to function other niches, including soil and plant rhizosphere habitats. In agroecosystems, cropping tillage practices influence fungal communities with unknown effects on distribution of Metarhizium, whose presence can reduce populations crop pests. We report results from a selective media survey soils sampled long-term experimental farming project mid-Atlantic region. Field plots under soybean cultivation produced higher numbers...
There is interest in developing no‐tillage systems for organic farming; however, potential limitations include the inability to control weeds and provide sufficient crop available N. A 3‐yr field experiment was conducted on organically certified land explore roller‐crimper technology terminating a hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa Roth) cover reduced‐tillage compared disk‐tillage corn Zea mays L.) production system Maryland. Within this tillage comparison, factors including planting date...
Soil nitrogen (N) immobilization from cover crop residues may help suppress weeds. We established a gradient of cereal rye shoot biomass to determine the extent that soil N can be immobilized and its effect on redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). A microplot study was conducted in no-till (Secale cereale L.)—soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr.)) systems at two sites eastern USA. Microplots received 0, 2000, 5000, 8000, 12,000 or 15,000 kg ha−1 biomass, were injected with mg 15N kg−1 5 cm...
The ability of Nicotiana tabacum cell cultures to utilize farnesol (F-OH) for sterol and sesquiterpene biosynthesis was investigated. [ 3 H]F-OH readily incorporated into sterols by rapidly growing cultures. However, the incorporation rate reduced greater than 70% in elicitor-treated whereas a substantial proportion radioactivity redirected capsidiol, an extracellular phytoalexin. inhibited squalestatin 1, suggesting that via farnesyl pyrophosphate (F-P-P). Consistent with this possibility,...
Environmental problems are generally complex and blind to disciplinary boundaries. Efforts devise long-term solutions require collaborative research that integrates knowledge across historically disparate fields, yet the traditional model for training new scientists emphasizes personal independence focus, Growing awareness of limitations has spurred a reexamination graduate in environmental sciences. Many institutions implementing novel approaches, with varying degrees success. In this...
Abstract BACKGROUND There has been controversy as to whether the glyphosate resistance gene and/or applied glyphosate‐resistant (GR) soybean affect content of cationic minerals (especially Mg, Mn and Fe), yield amino acid GR soybean. A two‐year field study (2013 2014) examined these questions at sites in Mississippi, USA. RESULTS were no effects glyphosate, transgene or crop history (for a with both use versus one long use) on grain yield. Furthermore, factors had consistent measured mineral...