Abstract Background The capacity of forest fuel treatments to moderate the behavior and severity subsequent wildfires depends on weather conditions at time burning. However, in-depth evaluations how perform are limited because encounters between areas with extensive pre-fire data rare. Here, we took advantage a 1200-ha randomized replicated experiment that burned almost entirely in wildfire under wide range conditions. We compared impacts four fire severity, including two thin-only,...

We analyzed 45 years of data collected from three ponderosa pine (Pinus Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) levels-of-growing-stock installations in Oregon (OR) and northern California (CA), USA, to determine the effect stand density regimes on productivity mortality. found that periodic annual increment (PAI) diameter, basal area (BA), volume, aboveground dry mass were significantly related index (SDI) age at start period; quadratic trends varied among sites. Precipitation departure...

Clustering is typically measured by the ratio of triangles to all triples, open or closed. Generating clustered networks, and how clustering affects dynamics on reasonably well understood for certain classes networks \cite{vmclust, karrerclust2010}, e.g., composed lines non-overlapping triangles. In this paper we show that it possible generate which, despite having same degree distribution equal clustering, exhibit different higher-order structure, specifically, overlapping other order-four...

Abstract Five model forms were evaluated for their ability to predict height growth rate of individual Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) growing in even or uneven-aged stands southwest Oregon. Three models had been previously used Douglas-fir; the fourth was a simple modification one these, and fifth developed this study by means multidimensional graphing modeling. Two age-dependent, that they transformations stand age, three age-independent. The techniques provided lowest...

Many western USA fire regimes are typified by mixed-severity fire, which compounds the variability inherent to natural regeneration densities in associated forests. Tree data often discrete and nonnegative; accordingly, we fit a series of Poisson negative binomial variation models conifer seedling counts across four distinct burn severities three forest types 10 years after 23,000-ha Storrie Fire, large northern California. Despite accessibility power zero-inflated mixture model, flexible...

Abstract Stand density affects not only structure and growth, but also the health of forests and, subsequently, functions forest ecosystems. Here, we integrated dendrochronology repeated inventories for ponderosa pine research plots to determine whether long-term growth mortality responded climate trends how varying stand influenced responses. The were established prior 1975 on existing stands throughout northern California. Although annual temperature increased consistently last 65 years,...

Forest managers need accurate biomass equations to plan thinning for fuel reduction or energy production. Estimates of carbon sequestration also rely upon such equations. The current allometric ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) commonly employed California forests were developed elsewhere, and are often applied without consideration potential spatial temporal variability. Individual-tree aboveground presented from an analysis 79 felled trees four separate management units at Blacks Mountain...

Historically, oak woodlands in western North America were maintained by frequent fire that killed competing conifers. Today, these are often decline as competition from conifers intensifies. Among species affected is the ecologically important California black (Quercus kelloggii Newberry). Within its range, large high-severity wildfires have become more common. We examined responses of to two mixed-severity 12 years apart (2000 Storrie Fire and 2012 Chips reburn). Regeneration was relation...

Abstract Growth and yield simulators may be characterized with regard to the aggregation structure employed. Individual-tree are an example of a passive approach. Whole-stand models represent active structure. Of particular interest is disaggregative modeling approach, which employs elements both individual-tree whole-stand simulators. The apparent resolution model at tree-level; however, functional stand level. Disaggregation achieved either additive or proportional allocation growth....

Abstract Site index, estimated as a function of dominant-tree height and age, is often used an expression site quality. This assumed to be effectively independent stand density. Observation dominant at two different ponderosa pine levels-of-growing-stock studies revealed that top stability with respect density depends on the definition height. Dominant estimates calculated from fixed number trees per acre (ranging 10 60 tallest acre) were less affected by than those proportion (with cutoff...

Abstract Timber is frequently salvage‐logged following high‐severity stand‐replacing wildfire, but the practice controversial. One concern that compound disturbances could result in more deleterious impacts than either disturbance individually, with mechanical operations having potential to set back recovering native species and increase invasion by non‐native species. Following 2002 Cone Fire on Lassen National Forest, three replicates of five salvage treatments were applied 15 units...

Designing algorithms that generate networks with a given degree sequence while varying both subgraph composition and distribution of subgraphs around nodes is an important but challenging research problem. Current lack control key network parameters, the ability to specify what node belongs to, come at considerable complexity cost or, critically sample from limited ensemble networks. To enable controlled investigations impact role subgraphs, especially for epidemics, neuronal activity or...

Clustering is the propensity of nodes that share a common neighbour to be connected. It ubiquitous in many networks but poses modelling challenges. typically manifests itself by higher than expected frequency triangles, and this has led principle constructing from such building blocks. This approach been generalised being constructed set more exotic subgraphs. As long as these are fully connected, it then possible derive mean-field models approximate epidemic dynamics well. However, there...

We periodically measured overstory ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) growth and understory cover abundance in a long-term study on the west slope of Sierra Nevada, California, USA. The was established 1969 20-year-old plantation, thinned to basal areas 9, 16, 23, 30, 37 m2 ha−1 rethinned three times. objective determine effect stand density regimes productivity, vegetation, aboveground carbon storage, mortality caused mainly by Dendroctonus infestations. Results showed that without mortality,...

Group-selection silviculture has many beneficial attributes and increased in application over the past 30 years. One difficulty with group-selection implementation is designation of group openings within a stand to achieve variety complex management goals. This study presents new method for utilizing geospatial census stem map data derived from airborne lidar heuristic environment generate select treatment solutions that best meet objectives an efficient manner. The successfully generated...

An experiment designed to evaluate the treatment effects of salvaging merchantable fire-killed trees on surface fuels and regeneration was established after a wildfire in northeastern California. The study then monitored for 10 years. Surface fuel accumulations were rapid, corresponding with high rate snag decay subsequent breakage or windthrow. Pine snags retained exhibited fastest rates transition fuels, while white fir incense-cedar much more stable duration this study. Natural observed...