Seventy-five patients meeting international diagnostic criteria for narcolepsy enrolled in a 6-week, three-period, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Patients received placebo, modafinil 200 mg, or 400 mg divided doses (morning and noon). Evaluations occurred at baseline the end of each 2-week period. Compared with significantly increased mean sleep latency on Maintenance Wakefulness Test by 40% 54%, no significant difference between two doses. Modafinil, also reduced combined...

SUMMARY: A questionnaire survey has been made of the life effects narcolepsy in 180 patients, 60 each from North American, Asian and European populations, with similarly distributed age sex matched controls. Life-effects were attributed by patients to primary symptoms excessive daytime drowsiness, sleep attacks, cataplexy, vivid hypnagogic hallucinations paralysis, also other frequent such as visual problems (blurring, diplopia) memory impairment. Occupational prevalent (over 75%) included...

The sensitivity of the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) to shortterm cumulative partial sleep deprivation (PSD) and subsequent recovery oversleeping was examined. A repeated-measures design included 7 paid healthy undergraduate volunteers. who were normal sleepers (mean time, 7.6 hr), consisted following schedule: (a) pre-baseline; (b) reduction 40% 1 night (mean, 4.6 hr) for 5 nights; (c) 10.6 2 9.1 hr); (d) post-baseline. Daytime performance testing utilized a hr auditory vigilance task...

Summary Sixteen patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy were treated gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) given at night tailored to achieve as continuous a night's sleep possible. The dosage usually consisted of 1.5-2.25 gm orally bedtime then one or two further 1.0-1.5 doses awakenings during the night, totaled about 50 mg /kg. Apart from patient who took only dose, subjective quality improved in all number irresistable daytime attacks substantially diminished. Some residual drowsiness remained this...

Physicians examining newborn infants should no longer dread the discovery of unusual skin problems. Practical dermatologic help is now available in this highly readable text, first English dealing exclusively with neonatal skin. It particularly encourages pediatricians to carefully examine newborns for signs prematurity, infection, inherited disease, and birth trauma. Detection premature its poor vasomotor tone, inability sweat, reduced fat pad insulation signals danger thermal instability...

SUMMARY Thorough electro‐clinical studies (clinical, psychometric, electrographic, cinematographic and radiological) were done of 30 patients presenting various types tonic seizures in order to correct an existing deficiency the relevant literature. Etiologically, it is noted that these occur almost uniquely children. Exact etiology (the association or precedence infantile myoclonic encephalopathy with hypsarhythmia) known only one quarter cases. Diffuse subcortical pathology active...

A case of a homicide and an attempted during presumed sleepwalking is reported in which somnambulism was the legal defense led to acquittal. Other possible explanations including complex partial seizures, dissociative state, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder volitional waking are discussed. The evidence supporting probability that this act occurred episode sleep-related confusional arousal reviewed weighed. This includes personal family history related disorders; neurological,...

We studied 13 episodes of nonconvulsive generalized status epilepticus (NGS) in 10 adults. The syndrome may start middle or late life and is often mistaken for psychiatric disorders. Some patients have shown good retention language abilities, except reduced fluency, despite impairment other higher functions. In most patients, the recurs several years anticonvulsant therapy. Transitional cases NGS with lateralizing EEG features exist, some are probably due to secondary generalization from a...

The main disabling symptom of narcolepsy-cataplexy is shown to be the unrelenting excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) based upon controlled studies socioeconomic effects and poor response treatment. Objective performance deficits mainly involve tests ability sustain on repetitive boring tasks are reversible by improved alertness. Physiologically, EDS seen represent relatively slow waxing waning alertness rather than punctate microsleeps. Evidence provided for complex cerebral evoked...

The effects of one night's total sleep deprivation were examined using the Wilkinson vigilance task and four 10 min duration performance tests. A repeated measures design was used in which eight male subjects experienced night loss, order loss being balanced across subjects. short tests consisted choice reaction time, simple short-term memory, a motor task, handwriting. results confirm on also show that two time significantly impaired by sleep, but not at such high level as for vigilance....

A repeated testing paradigm was used to assess the efficacy for management of daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy-cataplexy single long, multiple short and no-nap sleep/wake schedule conditions, with total sleep per 24 hours held constant. Eight narcoleptic subjects participated followed each experimental two consecutive days, second which served as a test day during simultaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) polygraphic recordings were made. Performance tests reported here include grammatical...

A novel approach to the analysis of body core temperature was employed in an effort further clarify temporal relationship between nightly decline and timing onset nocturnal sleep. Core EEG sleep recordings were obtained from 10 healthy elderly subjects while they lived laboratory self-selected bedtimes wake-up times. rate-of-change curve then generated for each data set, showing relative magnitude by which declined (or increased) minute across recording period. The time at maximum rate...