Abstract A high recovery of lithium from recycled ion batteries (LIBs) is essential to ensure the growth and sustainability electrical vehicle market. Without recycling, demand predicted outstrip supply in 2023. Current industrial processes are focused on recovering cobalt other valuable metals because, given lithium's current low price, it economically unfavorable recover it. As part our efforts create a process where viable we have analyzed processes. We determined that, when applied...

Waste from electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) is one of the fastest growing waste streams, with its volume expected to increase by a third 2013 2017. Lithium-ion batteries are most common battery type used in portable devices their use double 2013-14 2019-20. The recycling lithium-ion reduces energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, results considerable natural resource savings when compared landfill. However, it unclear which processes have least impact on environment. This...

Electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest growing streams in world due to rapid pace technology enhancement and development. The exponential growth e-waste contributes a increase rate contaminants entering landfills. This paper assesses produced from recycling mobile phones different countries highlighting material flows amount released environment. A comparison phone Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) through formal facilities Malaysia Australia were used as case studies. results...

The increasing complexity of multi-material vehicle designs has created challenges for recycling. Many countries have implemented different end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) treatment policies and guidelines. For example, the European Commission set recycling recovery targets (ELV). This paper discusses a comparative study on legislative boundaries environmental performance current ELV processes analysed between companies in Australia Belgium. It is shown that strict implementation Directive...

Recycled carbon fibre reinforced polymer (rCFRP) is attracting interest for automotive applications but has reduced mechanical properties due to a loss of intact architecture. This study investigates the effects architecture preservation during recycling fibres on and life cycle environmental performances rCFRP applied vehicle roof panel. Results show that rCFRPs with preserved unidirectional woven architectures have average flexural at least 4 times higher than those current unpreserved A...

The use of lightweight materials and multi-material concepts in car manufacturing has been focused to produce more sustainable vehicles. This resulted significant reduction carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions during phase achieve the strict vehicle emission standards. Nevertheless, varied range joining techniques used join designs presents challenges at end-of-life, especially feasibility current recycling processes recover a closed-loop recycling. Life Cycle Assessment widely assess...

The increasing demand for aluminium (Al) has led to the significant growth of secondary Al production. Although is one most recycled metal streams, presence impurities, such as iron, silicon and copper, limited environmental economic benefits recycling Al. These competing interests have choice options that suboptimal. This paper evaluates effects different scrap qualities based on data collected from a Belgian facility. Observations case study show profit-driven market system does not...

Abstract The selective laser sintering (SLS) process generates waste polymer powders, which can be recycled as feedstock for producing injection‐molded components. Recycling this powder has implications on the life cycle modeling of SLS product, well subsequent component. This study investigates primary energy demand (PED) and global warming potential (GWP) an automotive fuel‐line clip produced with polyamide 12 (PA12) from in comparison to conventional 66 (PA66) counterpart, based...

The increasing use of lightweight materials and multi-material concepts in vehicle design has create challenges for traditional recycling. This consequently caused the contamination rate valuable recovered materials, plastic being landfilled end-of-life vehicles Australia. A life cycle comparative analysis will be carried out based on car door material audits different age model. paper shows that trend improved environmental impact phase; however, it led to exhaustive natural resources due...

Energy efficient lamps offer significant energy savings throughout their life. However, there is a variety of saving available and it unclear which impacts the environment least lifecycle under different use patterns. Different patterns have impact on lifetime each light globe alternative therefore affect life cycle globe. This paper undertakes series Life Cycle Assessments two lighting choices (Light Emitting Diodes Compact Florescent Lamps) range conditions. It was found that environmental...

Abstract Purpose The rising of the sharing economy (SE) has lowered barrier purchase price to accessing many different products, thus changing consumer decision paradigm. This paper addresses challenge assessing life cycle impacts SE systems in context this new decision-making process. proposes a methodological framework integrate preferences into Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment (dynamic-LCA) systems. Methods In proposed preference integrated dynamic-LCA (C-DLCA) framework, system dynamics...

Mobility servitization modes are increasingly popular and some literature has suggested that their environmental impacts less than those of privately owned cars. This research assesses the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mobility based on different scenarios: carsharing, carpooling car ownership (representing range occupancy rates), changes in vehicle technology (lightweighting electrification). Life Cycle Assessment is selected as method results interpreted passenger kilometre. The highest...

Stricter vehicle emissions legislation has driven significant reduction in environmental impact of the use phase through increasing lightweight materials and multi-material concepts to reduce mass. The joining techniques used for designs led reduced efficiency current shredder-based recycling practices. Although commonly Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method is effective assessing impacts vehicles, there a lack consideration changing material trends, their delayed on end-of-life vehicles (ELV)...

Recycled carbon fibre (rCF) is a potential material for sustainable vehicle lightweighting but its realistic environmental impacts are still unclear. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) investigates the primary energy demand (PED) and global warming (GWP) of using rCF reinforced Polyamide 66 (PA66) side-view mirror bracket, in comparison with conventional cast aluminium counterpart. Results indicate that rCF+PA66 40wt% US can achieve around 13% 34% reduction PED/GWP cradle-to-gate...

The use of mobility services is increasing. There a suggestion that this will present range different sustainable outcomes. Life Cycle Assessment commonly used to assess the impact products, such as cars, function distance. However, it unclear how approach applies servitization models with varying occupancy levels. This paper assesses effect rates on life cycle current services: taxi and carpooling compared vehicle ownership model using two functional units: kilometre passenger kilometre....

Product circularity has been promoted globally to improve the efficiency of material use, and reduce consumption natural resources. This concept emphasises utilising waste from a single product produce secondary be reused in same through closed-loop recycling system. The manufacturing aluminium cans is often used as an example reaching near circularity. However, how does learning apply more complex multi-material products? paper uses System Dynamics approach model simple (aluminium cans)...

Towards realising circular economy, there has been an emphasis on decoupling economic growth from natural resources consumption. However, increasing product consumption led to technology changes that require different types of resources. Despite the use life cycle studies assist in improving material usage and decision-making throughout cycle, it is unclear how development can improve circularity. This work highlights implication technological circularity using a complex product, such as...