Rock bridges control the stability of rock slopes with intermittent joints. To better understand evolution water-induced damage in bridges, we developed new, water-sensitive similar materials and investigated their physical, mechanical, hydraulic properties. The reasonable proportions material components required to simulate a bridge were systematically determined based on deformation failure modes, shear creep characteristics, deterioration degree, brittleness characteristics after...

Rock bridges have long been recognised to provide crucial resistance against rock mass failure. Multiple with diverse scales are widespread in natural masses. Despite prior positive contributions a single bridge, mechanical behaviours of diverse-scale remain elusive. In particular, whether interact and how their failure processes evolve still open questions. To fill this gap, block-based discrete element method, specifically the Universal Distinct Element Code, was employed simulate granite...

Despite extensive investigations, no precursor patterns for reliably predicting major earthquakes have thus far been identified. Seismogenic locked segments that can accumulate adequate strain energy to cause are highly heterogeneous and low brittle. The progressive cracking of the with these properties produce an interesting seismic phenomenon: a landmark earthquake sequence smaller subsequent (pre-shocks) always arise prior another within well-defined zone its current period. Applying...

The focus of the present study is to explain stair-step brittle deformation evolutionary pattern landslide and reveal corresponding internal physical mechanism. Based on concept high strength geological body (HSGB), similar rock bridges in intermittence jointed masses, a conceptual model mechanical are successively outlined. Through reanalysing typical displacement records wedge rockslide, it was found that HSGB can reasonably feature its essence. Finally, criterion derived through combining...

Failure of jointed rocks is highly dependent on the presence rock bridges that exist across joint surfaces. It has long been assumed such are homogeneous orders, but continued investigation found that, more often than not, they a heterogeneous order. In this paper, failure processes generalised (including two barriers and one which contains an inclusion) under compression with confinement investigated experimentally numerically. The impact macroscopic heterogeneity discussed in terms...

Hydraulic fracturing for oil-gas and geothermal reservoir stimulation is closely related to the generation propagation of Mode I crack. Nonlinear deformation due rock heterogeneity occurs at such crack tip, which causes fracture process zone (FPZ) form before propagates unsteadily. However, relationship between FPZ characteristics still remain elusive. We used three types common in experimental investigation, each them includes two subtypes with different grain size or microstructural...

A reliable evaluation method for the fracability (i.e., ability to generate abundant cracks) of reservoir rocks is a critical issue maximum hydraulic fracturing efficiency. Most previous indices lacked enough rationality and practicability, thus could not consistently provide evaluation. We suggest new index called crack tolerance, which represented by radius fracture process zone at tip cracked chevron notched Brazilian disk specimen, corresponds state unstable propagation crack. In...

The DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X is a multifunctional protein involved in metabolism and stress responses. In this study, we investigated the role of RG/RGG motifs dynamic process liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) using cell-free assays explored their potential link to cancer development through bioinformatic analysis. Our results demonstrate that number, location, composition significantly influence ability undergo form self-aggregates. Mutational analysis revealed spacing between number...

The recession of a coast can destabilize coastal cliffs. stability cliff is controlled by rock bridge. Identifying the volume-expansion point bridges crucial to assess stability, but currently there are few identifying methods. Using numerical analytical tool, we investigate acoustic emission characteristics during shear tests on bridges. Acoustic events with high energy level, i.e., characteristic which occur at bridges, indicate this point. events, mainshock (the maximum event...

Natural locked segments dominate the stability of locked-segment-type slopes and evolutionary process tectonic earthquakes. They fail in order bearing capacity from low to high. Therefore, it is very important study mechanical response mechanism next segment while current broken, predict fracture behavior latter. We found that a high-energy-level characteristic cracking event (characteristic event) at volume-expansion point can be viewed as both indicator precursor rupture segment....

Hydraulic fracturing for oil-gas and geothermal reservoir stimulation is closely related to the propagation of Mode I crack. Nonlinear deformation due rock heterogeneity occurs at such crack tips, which causes fracture process zone (FPZ) form before propagates unsteadily. However, relationship between FPZ characteristics still remains elusive. We used three types common in reservoirs experimental investigation, each them includes two subtypes with different grain size or microstructural...

Locked segment-dominated landslides initiate when locked segments are sufficiently damaged to be unlocked. The evolution of such slopes toward instability displays either an exponentially or stepwise accelerated displacement pattern, but the underlying mechanisms these patterns elusive. We show that pattern is governed by mechanical synergy (resistance homogenization) between ruptured segment and transfixion segment. Using a model, we demonstrate rapid slow resistance homogenizations, which...

The theory about the brittle failures of multiple locked patches in a seismogenic fault system developed by us since 2010 is introduced present study. It stated that progressive patch result occurrence earthquakes due to movement, where major occurred at its volume expansion and peak strength points are referred as characteristic ones. We analyze law Islamabad-Kathmandu seismic zone extends along Himalayan belt, assess seismicity trend this theory. results indicate MW 8.4 ~ 8.8 earthquake...