A5034234679- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Voice and Speech Disorders
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Dysphagia Assessment and Management
- Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Community Health and Development
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Stuttering Research and Treatment
University of New Mexico
2015-2024
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2015-2024
Stellenbosch University
2015-2024
David H. Murdock Research Institute
2018-2024
University of Louisville
2022-2024
South African Medical Research Council
2024
Triangle
2019
Indianapolis Zoo
2019
Kentucky Science Center
2019
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
Background. The adverse effects of alcohol on the developing human represent a spectrum structural anomalies and behavioral neurocognitive disabilities, most accurately termed fetal disorders (FASD). first descriptions in modern medical literature distinctly recognizable pattern malformations associated with maternal abuse were reported 1968 1973. Since that time, substantial progress has been made specific criteria for defining diagnosing this condition. Two sets diagnostic are now used...
The adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure constitute a continuum disabilities (fetal spectrum disorders [FASD]). In 1996, the Institute Medicine established diagnostic categories delineating but not specifying clinical criteria by which diagnoses could be assigned. 2005, authors published practical guidelines operationalizing categories, allowing for standardization FASD in settings. purpose current report is to present updated based on thorough review literature and authors’ combined...
<h3>Importance</h3> Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are costly, life-long disabilities. Older data suggested the prevalence of disorder in United States was 10 per 1000 children; however, there few current estimates based on larger, diverse US population samples. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate fetal disorders, including syndrome, partial and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder, 4 regions States. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> Active case ascertainment methods using a...
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) among first grade students (6- to 7-year-olds) in a representative Midwestern US community. METHODS: From consented sample 70.5% all graders enrolled public private schools, an oversample small children (≤25th percentile on height, weight, head circumference) randomly selected control candidates were examined for physical growth, development, dysmorphology, cognition, behavior. The...
Background The prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ( FASD ) were determined in this fourth study first‐grade children a S outh A frican community. Methods Active case ascertainment methods employed among 747 pupils. detailed within the continuum are contrasted with randomly selected, normal controls on (i) physical growth dysmorphology; (ii) cognitive/behavioral characteristics; (iii) maternal risk factors. Results rates specific diagnoses continue to be...
OBJECTIVES: This study determined the characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome in a South African community, and methodology was designed for multidisciplinary developing societies. METHODS: An active case ascertainment, 2-tier used among 992 first-grade pupils. A case-control design, using measures growth, development, dysmorphology, maternal risk, delineated children with syndrome. RESULTS: high rate found schools--40.5 to 46.4 per 1000 aged 5 9 years--and age-specific community rates...
Objectives. We defined risk factors for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in a region with the highest documented prevalence of FAS world. Methods. compared mothers 53 first-grade students (cases) 116 randomly selected without (controls). Results. Differences between case and control our study population existed regarding socioeconomic status, religiosity, education, gravidity, parity, marital status. Mothers children came from alcohol-abusing families which heavy drinking was almost universal;...
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine prevalence and characteristics fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in a second primary school cohort community South Africa. Method: Active case ascertainment, two-tier screening, Institute Medicine assessment methodology were employed among 857 first grade pupils, most born 1993. Characteristics children with FAS contrasted randomly selected control group from same classrooms. Physical growth development, dysmorphology psychological measures...
Objectives: This is a third exploration of risk factors for the two most severe forms fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), syndrome (FAS) and Partial FAS (PFAS), in South African community with highest reported prevalence world. Methods: In case control design, interview collateral data concerning mothers 72 first grade children or PFAS are compared 134 randomly selected maternal controls from same schools. Results: Significant differences were found between FASD socio‐economic status,...
Background: Accurate estimates of the prevalence and characteristics fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) spectrum disorders (FASD) in a Western European population are lacking particular interest settings where usual pattern consumption is thought to be daily drinking with meals. To address these issues, an epidemiology study FAS other FASD was undertaken Italian schools. Methods: Primary schools ( n =25) 2 health districts Lazio region were randomly selected recruited for study. Five hundred...
We evaluated the efficacy of 15 years a public health-oriented suicidal-behavior prevention program among youths living on an American Indian reservation.All suicides, suicide attempts, and suicidal gestures were monitored. Age-specific analyses over time used to assess outcomes.Both descriptive linear regression indicated that substantial drop occurred in attempts. Suicide deaths neither declined significantly nor increased, although total number self-destructive acts by 73% (P=.001).Data...
Abstract The epidemiological features of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) were examined among American Indians in the southwestern United States. All FAS suspects screened specific populations Navajo, Pueblo, and Plains culture tribes. A total 115 alcohol‐affected children identified. incidence was found to be highly variable from one cultural group next, ranging 1.3 per 1,000 births (1/749) for Navajo 10.3 (1/97) Plains. pattern age‐specific prevalence indicates an increase over past fifteen...
Background Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure ( AE ) results in a broad array of neurobehavioral deficits. Recent research has focused on identification profile or profiles that will improve the children affected by . This study aimed to build our preliminary classification accuracy and test specificity resulting an alternate clinical group. Methods A standardized neuropsychological battery was administered 3 groups children: subjects with n = 209), typically developing controls CON , 185),...
Exposure to alcohol in utero can cause birth defects, including face and brain abnormalities, is the most common preventable of intellectual disabilities. Here we use structural magnetic resonance imaging measure cortical volume change longitudinally a cohort human children youth with prenatal exposure (PAE) group unexposed control subjects, demonstrating that normal processes maturation are disrupted individuals whose mothers drank heavily during pregnancy. Trajectories within PAE differed...
Background: A primary goal of recent research is the development neurobehavioral profiles that specifically define fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), which may assist differential diagnosis or improve treatment. In current study, we a preliminary profile using neuropsychological data from multisite study. Methods: Data were collected broad protocol 2 sites study FASD. Subjects children with heavy prenatal exposure and unexposed controls. The alcohol‐exposed group included without...
Objective: To determine the population-based epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other spectrum disorders (FASD) in towns representative general population central Italy. Methods: Slightly revised U.S. Institute Medicine diagnostic methods were used among children randomly-selected schools near Rome. Consented first grade (n = 976) screened Tier I for height, weight, or head circumference all
Individuals with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure can experience significant deficits in cognitive and psychosocial functioning alterations brain structure that persist into adulthood. In this report, data from 99 participants collected across three sites (Los Angeles San Diego, California, Cape Town, South Africa) were analyzed to examine relationships between structure, neurocognitive function, facial morphology, maternal reports of quantities consumption during the first trimester. Across...