A5021507736- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Marine animal studies overview
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Marine and fisheries research
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Landslides and related hazards
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
North Carolina State University
2015-2024
North Central State College
2023
University of South Dakota
2018
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
2014
Korea Polar Research Institute
2013
Oceanography Society
2013
NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
2006-2013
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2006-2013
Oregon State University
2013
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
2000-2009
Two-thirds of Earth's surface is formed at mid-ocean ridges, yet sea-floor spreading events are poorly understood because they occur far beneath the ocean surface. At 9 degrees 50'N on East Pacific Rise, ocean-bottom seismometers recently recorded microearthquake character a ridge eruption, including precursory activity. A gradual ramp-up in activity rates since seismic monitoring began this site October 2003 suggests that eruptions may be forecast fast-spreading environment. The pattern...
Following a planktonic dispersal period of days to months, the larvae benthic marine organisms must locate suitable seafloor habitat in which settle and metamorphose. For animals that are sessile or sedentary as adults, settlement onto substrates adequate for survival reproduction is particularly critical, yet represents challenge since patchily distributed sites may be difficult find along coast within an estuary. Recent studies have demonstrated underwater soundscape, distinct sounds...
Volcano monitoring goes into the deep Axial Seamount is a large and active submarine volcano along Juan de Fuca midocean ridge off coast of western United States. Eruptions in 1998 2011 were followed by periods magma recharge, making it an ideal location to include Ocean Observatories Initiative Cabled Array. Wilcock et al. present real-time seismic data from most recent eruption April 2015 that allow tracking before during eruption. Nooner Chadwick show eruptions are predictable on basis...
Ocean soundscapes convey important sensory information to marine life. Like many mid-to-low latitude coastal areas worldwide, the high-frequency (>1.5 kHz) soundscape of oyster reef habitat within West Bay Marine Reserve (36°N, 76°W) is dominated by impulsive, short-duration signals generated snapping shrimp. Between June 2011 and July 2012, a single hydrophone deployed was programmed record 60 or 30 seconds acoustic data every 15 minutes. Envelope correlation amplitude were then used count...
Coral populations, and the productive reef ecosystems they support, rely on successful recruitment of reef-building species, beginning with settlement dispersing larvae into habitat favourable to survival. Many substrate cues have been identified as contributors coral larval selection; however, potential for ambient acoustic influence responses is unknown. Using in situ chambers that excluded other cues, a dominant Caribbean coral, Orbicella faveolata, was compared response three local...
Soundscape analysis is a potentially powerful tool in ecosystem monitoring. Ecoacoustic metrics, including the Acoustic Complexity Index (ACI) and Entropy (H), were originally developed for terrestrial ecosystems are now increasingly being applied to investigate biodiversity, habitat complexity health of marine systems, with mixed results. To elucidate efficacy applying these metrics soundscapes, their sensitivity variations call rate type evaluated using combination field data synthetic...
At 8:07 a.m. EDT on 9 Aug. 2020 a M w 5.1 earthquake located ~3 km south of Sparta, North Carolina, USA, shook much the eastern United States, producing first documented surface rupture due to faulting east New Madrid seismic zone.The co-seismic was identified along 2-km-long traceable zone predominantly reverse displacement, with folding and flexure generating scarp averaging 8-10-cm-high maximum observed height ~25 cm.Widespread deformation main includes cm-dm-long mm-cmwide fissures.Two...
A detailed investigation of the relationship between spatial and temporal patterns seismic activity recorded by six autonomous hydrophones structure northern Mid‐Atlantic Ridge 15° 35°N is presented. Two years monitoring yielded a total 3485 hydroacoustically detected events within array four or more hydrophones. The seismically active zone extends ∼20 km to either side ridge axis, consistent with earlier results from studies fault morphology. Along hydrophone‐recorded shows important...
In February 1999, long‐term hydroacoustic monitoring of the northern Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR) was initiated. Six autonomous hydrophones were moored between ∼15°N and ∼35°N on flanks MAR. Results from first year data reveal that there is significant variability in along‐axis event rate. Groups neighboring segments behave similarly, producing an pattern with high low levels seismic activity at a wavelength ∼500 km. This broad scale likely influenced by axial thermal regime. Several earthquake...
Mid‐ocean ridge volcanic activity is the fundamental process for creation of ocean crust, yet dynamics magma emplacement along slow spreading Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR) are largely unknown. We present acoustical, seismological, and biological evidence a magmatic dike intrusion at Lucky Strike segment, first detected from deeper sections (>1500 m) MAR. The caused largest teleseismic earthquake swarm recorded in >20 years seismic monitoring, one ever on northern Hydrophone records indicate...
Research Article| December 01, 2001 Seismic character of volcanic activity at the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel Ridge M. Tolstoy; Tolstoy 1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York 10964, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D.R. Bohnenstiehl; Bohnenstiehl M.H. Edwards; Edwards 2Hawaii Institute Geophysics and Planetology, University Hawaii Manoa, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, 96822, G.J. Kurras 3School Ocean Science Technology, Author...
Unequivocal evidence of tidal triggering is observed for microearthquakes (−0.4 to 2.0 M L ) recorded between October 2003 April 2004 near 9°50′N on the East Pacific Rise (EPR). Although semidiurnal stress changes are small (<2 kPa), seismicity exhibits a significant (>99.9%) nonrandom temporal distribution, with events occurring preferentially times peak extension. Due proximity this site an ocean node, where in sea surface height minimal, periodic dominated by solid Earth tide. In...
Marine seafloor ecosystems, and efforts to restore them, depend critically on the influx settlement of larvae following their pelagic dispersal period. Larval patterns are driven by a combination physical oceanography behavioral responses suite sensory cues both in water column at sites. There is growing evidence that biological sounds associated with adult habitats (i.e., "soundscape") influence larval habitat selection; however, significance acoustic rarely tested. Here we show field...
Abstract In late 2007, two massive icebergs, C19a and B15a, drifted into open water slowly disintegrated in the southernmost Pacific Ocean. Archived acoustic records show that high‐intensity underwater sounds accompanying this breakup increased ocean noise levels at mid‐to‐equatorial latitudes over a period of ∼1.5 years. More typically, seasonal variations noise, which are characterized by austral summer‐highs winter‐lows, appear to be modulated annual cycle Antarctic iceberg drift...
Mid to low southern latitude hydrophone stations within the Indian Ocean have recorded two distinct types of low‐frequency (<100 Hz) tremor that can be correlated with drifting icebergs and glacial features along Wilkes Land coast eastern Antarctica. The most common these signals is a variable harmonic (VHT), spectral peaks exhibit frequency fluctuations through time. These typically display 4 10 Hz fundamental may as many ten bands. Individual VHT signal packets durations up ∼30 min...
An array of moored hydrophones was used to monitor the spatiotemporal distribution small‐ moderate‐sized earthquakes and ice‐generated sounds within Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. During a 2 year period, total 3900 earthquakes, 5925 icequakes numerous ice tremor events were located throughout region. The seismic activity included eight space‐time earthquake clusters, positioned along central neovolcanic rift zone young back‐arc basin. These sequences small magnitude or swarms, suggest...
During May 2015, passive acoustic recorders were deployed at eight subtidal oyster reefs within Harris Creek Oyster Sanctuary in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland USA. These sites selected to represent both restored and unrestored habitats having a range of densities. Throughout the survey, soundscape was dominated by boatwhistle calls toadfish, Opsanus tau. A novel, multi-kernel spectral correlation approach developed automatically detect these using their two lowest harmonic bands. The results...