Abstract For analyses of longitudinal repeated‐measures data, statistical methods include the random effects model, fixed model and method generalized estimating equations. We examine assumptions that underlie these approaches to assessing covariate on mean a continuous, dichotomous or count outcome. Access software implement models has led widespread application in numerous disciplines. However, careful consideration should be paid their critical ascertain which might appropriate given...

Home visiting is recommended to address maternal and infant health disparities but underused with mixed impacts on birth outcomes. Community workers, working nurses social workers in a combined model, may be strategy reach high-risk individuals, improve care outcomes, inequities.

Context: Racial and ethnic disparities in perinatal health remain a public crisis. Despite improved outcomes from home visiting (HV) participation during pregnancy, most eligible individuals of color do not engage. Neighborhood segregation, manifestation structural racism, may impose constraints on engaging HV. Objective: To examine whether race, ethnicity, and/or language-concordant community workers (CHWs) increased HV engagement for birthing people segregated neighborhoods. Design:...

Abstract A preliminary quasi‐experimental, longitudinal study was conducted to explore differences in maternal mood states, self‐esteem, family functioning, maternal‐infant interaction, and home environment between mothers of preterm infants who participated a nurse‐managed program parent‐to‐parent support those served as comparison group. Mothers the intervention scored significantly higher on Barnard NCATS interaction measure HOME total scale subscales responsiveness organization ( N = 58)...

Smoking during pregnancy is one of the most modifiable risk factor for poor birth outcomes. This study assesses prevalence and correlates smoking pregnancy.A questionnaire was applied to pregnant women in two urban clinics Romania assess prevalence, attitudes knowledge about smoking, other risks poorly documented Romania, such as depressive symptoms, stress social support. The response rate >80% valid sample comprised 916 women. Descriptive statistics logistic regressions were used estimate...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether participation in a statewide enhanced prenatal and postnatal care program, the Maternal Infant Health Program (MIHP), reduced infant mortality risk. METHODS: Data included birth death records, Medicaid claims, program participation. The study population consisted of Medicaid-insured singleton infants born between January 1, 2009, December 31, 2012, Michigan (n = 248 059). MIHP participants were propensity score–matched with nonparticipants based on...

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the conceptual framework and program features of a nurse‐community health worker (CHW) team home visiting intervention, trial design to test program, results comparative evaluation prenatal participation. Design: In context community‐based, randomized trial, we compared participation in nurse‐CHW intervention with standard community care that included state Medicaid (enhanced services) nurse visiting. Sample: Medicaid‐eligible pregnant women ( n =530), who...

A community approach to the integration of health and social services for low‐income pregnant women is being addressed through Community Integrated Service System (CISS) initiatives Maternal Child Health Bureau. This particular CISS program model was designed enable mothers function in a Worker (CHW) role providing support at‐risk women. Using Riessman's notion “helper therapy,” also developed enhance potential CHWs gain helper benefits. The purpose this exploratory study describe perceived...

We used data from a home visiting trial to examine low-income women's perceptions of services received nurses (the community care [CC] group) and nurse-community health worker (CHW) team. More mothers in the nurse-CHW group than CC reported receiving help all categories assessed. For both groups, assistance with education ranked highest among types received. A higher percentage women that they psychosocial help.

We used administrative and screening data from 2009 to 2010 determine if Healthy Start (HS), an enhanced prenatal services program, is reaching the most vulnerable African American women in Kent County, Michigan. Women HS are at higher risk of key predictors birth outcomes compared with other women. To advance toward evidence-based program evaluations absence randomized controlled trials, future studies using comparison groups need appropriately establish baseline equivalence on a variety...

Abstract Background Home visiting is supported as a way to improve child health and development. has been usually provided by nurses or community workers (CHWs). Few studies compared the advantages of nurse–CHW team approach over nurse prenatal postnatal home visiting. Methods A randomized trial was conducted with Medicaid‐insured pregnant women in Kent County, Michigan. Pregnant were assigned intervention including visitation, standard care (CC) visitation. Morbidity assessed 530 infants...

ABSTRACT Objectives: To document psychological and physical abuse during pregnancy among women enrolled in enhanced prenatal services (EPS); explore the associations between maternal risk factors type of abuse; examine relationship EPS participation. Design Sample: Cross-sectional study utilizing screening data collected 2005 2008. Convenience sample Medicaid-insured pregnant selected from urban rural providers. Measures: A tool that included measures such as Cohen's Perceived Stress...

Abstract This study assessed racial and ethnic disparities in severe maternal mortality during delivery through 6 weeks postpartum, before the COVID pandemic, a statewide Medicaid population. retrospective, population-based, cohort used claims data linked to birth certificates from Michigan Department of Health Human Services Data Warehouse that included all individuals giving between January 1, 2017, October 31, 2021, who had insurance month childbirth. The SMM rate increased more pandemic...

Community health workers (CHWs) have demonstrated effectiveness in improving outcomes and addressing inequities. Statewide CHW coalitions are supporting expansion of the workforce influencing policy. Evaluations can play a key role sustaining coalitions. This article discusses how evaluation has informed development, processes, initiatives Michigan Health Worker Alliance. We highlight Alliance's internal process evaluation, statewide survey programs, other activities to illustrate use...