Rye is one of the most commonly used sources elite genes in wheat improvement programs. Due to high collinearity genomes both cereal species, it possible obtain interspecific chromosomal translocations and substitution lines. chromatin transfer numerous for resistance biotic abiotic stresses into genome. Introgression has also resulted improved agronomic traits. However, despite advantages, large fragments or whole chromosomes been quite often accompanied by a decrease end-use quality. This...

In Poland oat breeding began at the late nineteenth century. During World War II almost all of Polish materials were lost, and then replaced by German cultivars. The main aim this paper was to show level genetic diversity cultivars which bred before 1939. Simultaneously usefulness informativeness molecular morphological methods tested compared. This study involved 23 cultivars, described 25 traits three types markers (AFLP, ISSR RAPD). Based on Dice coefficient, distance between ranged from...

Sand oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.), one of the four cultivated species genus Avena, could be considered as another alternative crop. In gene banks 865 germplasm samples this have been preserved that not thoroughly investigated so far. The results phenotyping (36 traits), isoenzymatic (12 systems) and genetic (8 pairs Sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers) variation were used to obtain complete description 56 accessions diversity originated from different parts world.Breeded weedy...

Landraces are considered a key element of agrobiodiversity because their high variability and adaptation to local environmental conditions, but at the same time, they represent breeding potential hidden in gene banks that has not yet been fully appreciated utilized. Here, we present genome-wide DArTseq analysis diversity 116 spring barley landraces preserved collection Polish bank. Genetic revealed considerable variation this several distinct groups related landraces’ country origin grain...

This study was undertaken to investigate the diversity and population structure of 83 spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, which corresponded 120 years this crop's breeding in Poland. The analysis based on 11,655 DArTseq-derived SNPs evenly distributed across seven chromosomes. Five groups were assigned studied cultivars according period their breeding. A decrease observed heterozygosity within noted along with progress breeding, a simultaneous increase inbreeding coefficient value....

Abstract Among the 2750 species of Polish vascular flora, about 500 are threatened with extinction and 430 them strictly protected by national law. The FlorNatur project for ex situ conservation most endangered was started in 2009. aim is to collect seeds 61 from 161 sites eastern Poland store Seed Bank Academy Sciences Botanical Garden - Center Biological Diversity Conservation Warsaw- Powsin. A complementary program being carried out Forestry Gene at Kostrzyca western Poland. Their task 58...

Abstract Common rye ( Secale cereale L.) is one of the most important cereals in Europe. Nevertheless, its germplasm collections are among least numerous compared with cereals. There only about 27,000 accessions 70 gene banks around world. Despite extensive research on molecular characterization genetic resources, a fraction this collection has been described. The main objective presented study was to perform genotypic and phenotypic an obsolete pool represented by 100 originated from 28...

Here we focused on Polish oat landraces developed in the moderate temperature zone attempting to understand their genetic and phenotypic variability context of pressure environmental constrains at locations where they had evolved. Besides molecular markers diverse traits Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, enabling throughput metabolic fingerprinting, was used for description germplasm collection. We sophisticated multivariable analysis integrate data structure establish mutual...

Common valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants, with a mild sedative, nervine, antispasmodic and relaxant effect. Despite substantial number studies on this species, genetic diversity population structure have not yet been analyzed. Here, we use next-generation sequencing-based Diversity Array Technology sequencing (DArT-seq) technique to analyze Polish gene bank accessions that originated from wild populations cultivars. The major and, also,...

Seed vigour and viability, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, proteomic profiles were analysed in field bean (Vicia faba var. minor) seeds (two cultivars) subjected to dry storage at −14 °C or +20 for 30 years. The stored retained very high germinability (91–98%) until the end of experiments, while from same lots but room temperature completely lost viability. deterioration was also manifested by a vast (4- 6-fold) increase leachate electroconductivity, changes spectra profiles. To carry...

The Poaceae is the second most abundant family among crop wild relatives in Poland, representing 147 taxa. From these species, 135 are native taxa, and 11 archeophytes. In addition, one taxon now considered to be extinct. Among 8 endemic species. Central Europe, including does not have many Only a few dozen species been identified this paper, mainly Carpathians adjacent uplands, e.g., Polish Jura southern Poland. numerous genera 32 present (CWR) of are: genus Festuca (33 species), Poa (19),...

The extensive genetic diversity of crop landraces deposited in gene banks is an important part future breeding programs. However, order to exploit this potential, it necessary both preserve germplasm and collect share a wide range data on its characteristics evaluation. main objective the presented paper was evaluate spring barley originating from Poland. Historical standard field evaluation agronomic traits, obtained Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analysis grain morphometric were used....

Avena macrostachya is still a relatively unknown species. Using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, simple and inexpensive technique, allowed us to conduct experiments on genetic differentiation study the population structure of this Algerian endemic oat. The results obtained showed lower than expected diversity within A. cause may be endemism species as well drift possible during collection, maintenance accessions in gene bank seed reproduction. No clear was found...

In 12 astatic pools, each of which was characterised by the dominance phytocenoses one three plant associations, investigations were performed on physico-chemical properties water and bottom sediments, in order to establish relations between habitat conditions vegetation. The criterion degree saltiness sediments specific conductivity these bodies allows them according their decreasing fertility as follows: 1) with dominant association <em>Equisetetum limosi</em>, 2)...

Old landraces and obsolete cultivars represent a national heritage that must be conserved for future generations. Similarly, crop wild relatives (CWR) are valuable gene pool plant breeding or direct introduction as new crop. These materials have been mapped, collected, evaluated, regenerated, in the Gene Bank. In total, 3726 seed vegetative samples collected Czech Republic, well 1582 abroad (in Slovakia, Poland Austria) during cross-border cooperation projects. All collecting sites (over...

Rye (Secale cereale L.) is one of the most important cereal crops cultivated in world due to its ability produce high yields even when grown under environmental stress conditions. About 27,000 Secale accessions have been collected and preserved 70 gene banks worldwide. Although germplasm represents a great source genetic diversity, molecular characteristics refers only part them. Here, we present data obtained by Simple Sequence Repeat markers (SSR) analysis 100 rye bank Polish Academy...

In the last 40 years, National Center for Plant Genetic Resources (KCRZG) in Radzików has organized 67 collecting missions across country. The main task was to secure still existing plant genetic richness agricultural ecosystems. Mission dates were set according time of seed maturation and harvesting strategy adjusted collected group plants. genotypes included seeds, bulbs, grafts etc. samples mainly from local farmers or gathered directly field. During missions, one could clearly observe...