A5090296028- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Phosphorus and nutrient management
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Potato Plant Research
- Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
- Legal and Policy Issues
- Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Legal and Regulatory Analysis
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
Agricultural Research Service
1998-2025
Waters (United States)
2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2013-2023
Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory
2023
Soil Science Society of America
2023
United States Department of Agriculture
1998-2022
University of Minnesota, Waseca
2011
University of Wisconsin System
2009
Michigan State University
2003-2008
Core Ideas Nitrogen recommendations for individual corn fields are less accurate than desired. need improvement economic and environmental reasons. A review of fundamental concepts will improve understanding about N recommendations. Examination recommendation systems, tests, models fixation by the Haber–Bosch process has more doubled amount fixed on Earth, significantly influencing global cycle. Much this is made into fertilizer that used to produce nearly half world's food. Too much...
The most viable way to beneficially use animal manure on farms is land application. Over the past few decades, repeated application has shown adverse effects environmental quality due phosphorus (P) runoff with rainwater, leading eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. Improved understanding P chemistry may reduce this risk. In research, 42 samples from seven species (beef and dairy cattle, swine, chicken, turkey, goat, horse, sheep) were sequentially fractionated water, NaHCO3, NaOH, HCl....
The timing of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application may influence germination, emergence, and competitiveness weeds. Research was conducted to determine the total inorganic soil N (N it ) on growth five weed species. In a greenhouse experiment, seed species were exposed four levels N, germination measured. field, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN 28%) applied at multiple rates three spring timings, , measured for 21 35 d after (DAA). Germination dicotyledonous single grass not stimulated by 450 ppmw...
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growers are concerned that soybean yield is restricted by limitations on biological N 2 fixation and soil nitrogen (N) mineralization. However, a comprehensive study characterizing actual requirements across wide‐ranging seed environments nonexistent for modern production systems. Using six site‐years eight varieties, plants were sampled at growth stages partitioned into their respective plant parts analyzed. For each kilogram increase in yield, total dry...
Core Ideas A Machine Learning approach was innovatively used to predict corn EONR. Two features were created approximate hydrological conditions for modeling Soil hydrology found essential in successful in‐season Determination of N requirement ( Zea mays L.) is challenging due interactions genotype, environment, and management. learning (ML), with its predictive power tackle complex systems, may solve this barrier the development locally based recommendations. The objective study explore...
Abstract Determining which corn ( Zea mays L.) N fertilizer rate recommendation tools best predict crop need would be valuable for maximizing profits and minimizing environmental consequences. Simultaneous comparisons of multiple across various conditions have been limited. The objectives this research were to evaluate the performance publicly‐available diverse soil weather for: (i) prescribing rates planting split‐fertilizer applications, (ii) economic effects. Corn N‐response trials using...
Accurate nitrogen (N) diagnosis early in the growing season across diverse soil, weather, and management conditions is challenging. Strategies using multi-source data are hypothesized to perform significantly better than approaches crop sensing information alone. The objective of this study was evaluate, environments, potential for integrating genetic (e.g., comparative relative maturity degree units key developmental growth stages), environmental soil weather), seeding rate, irrigation,...
The availability of P from injected manure application has received limited study. objectives this study were to determine the effect time on in soils amended with or fertilizer, evaluate relative compared fertilizer P, and impact previous history availability. Liquid swine was applied Minnesota soils, seven different mapping units various histories. rates equivalent amount total undisturbed injection zones. Soils analyzed for available after incubation periods 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 mo. As duration...
In developing countries, intercropping is commonly used to boost land productivity and agricultural benefits. However, in the Yucatan region of Mexico, maize (Zea mays L.) yields remain low, despite consistent fertilizer pesticide inputs traditional systems. Furthermore, little known about photosynthetic mechanisms that occur when plants interact with legumes, there a lack understanding how systems affect other organisms system, such as beneficial insect pest population dynamics. A field...
Core Ideas The geographic scope, scale, and unique collaborative arrangement warrant documenting details of this work. purpose article is to describe how the research was undertaken, reasons for methods, project's potential value. project generated a valuable dataset across wide array weather soils that allows evaluation N decision tools. Due economic environmental consequences lost from fertilizer applications in corn ( Zea mays L.), considerable public industry attention has been devoted...
Use and development of soil biological tests for estimating nitrogen (N) availability subsequently corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) fertilizer N recommendations is garnering considerable interest. The objective this research was to evaluate relationships between the Haney Soil Health Test (HSHT), also known as Tool or test, economically optimum rate (EONR) grain yield at 17 sites in eight Midwest US states 2016. Trials were conducted with a standard set protocols that included nonfertilized control...
Recently the Illinois soil nitrogen test (ISNT) was proposed as a means to identify fields where corn ( Zea mays L.) will not respond additional N fertilizer and which may also be used predict economic optimum rate (EONR). Data from 96 response trials across Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Wisconsin were compiled evaluate usefulness of ISNT in identifying nonresponsive fields, predicting EONR, estimating mineralizable N. At each trial site, multiple rates applied, including...
Core Ideas Canopy sensor performance improved using site‐specific information. Evenness of early‐season rainfall is crucial for adjusting N recommendations. Adjusting recommendations measured vs. USDA mapped soil data performed alike Active‐optical reflectance sensors (AORS) use light characteristics from a crop canopy as an indicator the plant’s health. However, studies have shown AORS algorithms used in conjunction with corn ( Zea mays L.) fertilizer rate are not consistently accurate. Our...
Maintenance of adequate soil phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) levels is critical for profitable soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. To accomplish this, precise knowledge P K uptake, utilization, removal critical, yet a comprehensive study characterizing these requirements across wide‐ranging seed yield environments nonexistent modern production systems. Using six site‐years eight varieties, plants were sampled at growth stages, partitioned into their respective plant parts,...
Core Ideas Active‐optical reflectance sensor algorithms perform poorly outside the area for which they were originally developed. The red edge waveband is more sensitive to N stress than waveband. Some active‐optical are dependent on Uncertainty exists with corn ( Zea mays L.) management due year‐to‐year variation in crop need, soil supply, and loss from leaching, volatilization, denitrification. sensing (AORS) has proven effective some fields generating fertilizer recommendations that...
Abstract Soil tests can help optimize nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, thereby improving farmer profitability and environmental performance. In US Midwest maize ( Zea mays ) production, however, most soil N have limited accuracy to predict requirements. Here we tested the individual combined ability of 30 (12 rapid extractions, seven biological carbon or tests, six long‐term incubation kinetic parameters, five other routine tests), as well management data, response across 56 site‐years in...
Abstract Improving corn ( Zea mays L.) nitrogen (N) rate fertilizer recommendation tools can improve farmers’ profits and mitigate N pollution. Numerous approaches have been tested to these tools, but date improvements for predicting economically optimum (EONR) modest. This work's objective was use ensemble learning our estimation of EONR (for a single at‐planting split application timing) by combining multiple tools. The evaluation conducted using 49 response trials from eight states in the...
Abstract In recent years, nitrate leaching and environmental impacts from agriculture have become global issues, due in part to the increased use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers agriculture. Yucatan Peninsula, intercropping is a traditional farming practice known as “Milpa” system (i.e., characterized by simultaneous cultivation maize [ Zea mays L.], beans Phaseolus spp.], squash Cucurbita spp.] same field). A field experiment was carried out region determine effect maize–legume systems on...
Nitrogen provided to crops through mineralization is an important factor in N management guidelines. Understanding of the interactive effects soil and weather conditions on needs be improved. Relationships between anaerobic potentially mineralizable (PMN ) were evaluated under contrasting climates eight US Midwestern states. Soil was sampled (0–30 cm) for PMN analysis before pre‐plant application (PP 0N at V5 development stage from 0 (V5 180 kg ha −1 180N rates incubated 7, 14, 28 d. Even...
For nutrient management purposes, it is important to understand the impact of manure application on soil phosphorus (P) sorption characteristics and what means with regard potential environmental problems. The objectives this study were (i) determine whether previous applications P capacity strength; (ii) characterize relationship between water soluble-P (WSP) degree saturation (DPS); (iii) WSP strength. Phosphorus isotherms constructed for seven pairs soils without a history application....