The most essential data, predisposing to onset and recurrence of urinary tract infection in children are included the review. Mineral, carbohydrate purin metabolism monitoring both active stage remission pyelonephritis is necessary for elaboration individual schemes primary secondary prophylaxis chronic renal disease children.

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the age- and gender-stratified prevalence structure high blood pressure (BP) among school-age children (7–17 years) in St Petersburg based on electronic protocols regular preventive medical examination 2009–2013 years. Design methods. We collected data from 4618 aged 7 17 years old for period 2009 2013. mean age males (52,2%) 12,81 ± 0,05 years; Me = 13,2 years, females (47,8%) 12,95 0,05; 13,3 Data entry assessment height, BP percentiles...

Objective . The aim of the study was to investigate anthropometric correlates left ventricular (LV) structural changes in school-age children (10–17 years old) with overweight and obesity comparison similar age normal body weight living St Petersburg. Design methods. In study, according inclusion criteria, 112 10–17 old (71 boys) were included, average 14,0 ± 2,1 years. Three groups identified: 60 (54 %) (41 obesity, 26 (23 (16 (14 control group. All underwent anthropometry (height weight,...

This review analyzes changes in the composition of breast milk observed obese women compared to those with normal weight. The maternal diet primarily affects level fat and leptin breastmilk. It is breastmilk that differs significantly between non-obese within first month after childbirth. psychological status mother was shown affect macronutrients, immune components, hormones Breastfeeding critical for development an infant's gut microbiota maturation its system. analysis has a practical...

Advances in sequencing technology have enabled more detailed analysis of breast milk that contributes to better understanding microbiome composition and diversity, identifying several hundred species bacteria. This review provides data on the characteristics microbiome, including content viruses, fungi, archaea. The viruses depends same conditions as Bacteriophages form main component virome. Data fungi archaea are scarce. study is practical importance, making it possible bring artificial...

The article reviews some pleiotropic effects of vitamin D, shows that plasma level 25 (OH)D is an indicator organism supplement with D. Also issues D toxicity are discussed. Novel ideas about structure and functions D-receptor, regulation D-dependent genes expression presented. Adipogenic activity the role its metabolites, D-connecting protein, fibroblast growth factor-23 inregulation lipid, carbohydrate energy metabolism paper summarizes data from pilot clinical studies deficiency influence...

Nocturnal enuresis is the most common functional disorder of urinary system in children, significantly reducing quality life both patients and their parents. There are several hypotheses for development this disease, none which can be taken as dominant. In regard, considered a polyetiological condition. This review details main factors that associated with nocturnal children. These include hereditary predisposition, bladder dysfunction, sleep awakening disorders, delayed maturation central...

The review considers changes in the structure and function of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), which play an important role pathogenesis a number chronic diseases that somehow stimulate development atherosclerosis. HDL has been shown to be impaired genetic acquired leading dyslipidemia associated with increased cardiovascular risk such as familial hypercholesterolemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory autoimmune diseases.

Cardiorenal syndrome is a complex condition that belongs to the category of acute or chronic kidney pathology causes cardiovascular disease, and, conversely, heart disease provokes dysfunction. The relationship between system and kidneys due commonality risk factors for both systems. In recent years, link regulators mineral metabolism - vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, endocrine growth fibroblasts 19,21,23, Klotho protein with development failure, atrial fibrillation, left ventricular...

The review summarizes data on the molecular mechanisms of interaction between different components adipose tissue under physiological conditions and in obesity. Body mass (BM) index is most popular, but not only indicator metabolism. In practical medicine, four phenotypes need to be operated on: metabolically unhealthy healthy obesity (the latter regarded as preliminary stage obesity), also state with normal BM. One important tasks preventive pediatrics timely identification children genetic...

The review presents new data about the causes and molecular mechanisms of iron metabolism in obesity. Obesity is associated with dysregulated metabolism. Three hypotheses hypoferremia obesity have been proposed: nutrition hypothesis, large blood volume inflammation hypothesis. latter has better supported, it consistent low-grade taking place excessive accumulation adipose tissue. key role development functional belongs to hepcidin-leptin association. Key words: children, deficiency anaemia,...

Current review provides data of etiology, pathogenesis and clinical evidences urinary tract infection (UTI) in adolescents connection with physiology pubertal period. Data congenital acquired factors leading to origin chronicity the inflammation are presented. Treatment rehabilitation approaches for UTI provided. Authors emphasize that metabolic disorders appeared active stage do not disappear when symptoms UTI, bacteriuria leukocyturia gone.

Iron is involved in all kinds of metabolism. deficiency, even the absence anaemia, promotes development many diseases. But inflammation-associated diseases iron accumulates liver, kidneys and macrophages; resulting impairment effective erythropoiesis. The review presents modern evidence molecular mechanisms metabolism metabolic changes most common organs urinary system – pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, acute kidney injury. In cases, anaemia has a dual nature true deficiency chronic...

The review provides information on morphology and function of kidneys in children obesity. Participation interrelationship numerous pathogens, affecting kidney are discussed. Originality diabetic nephropathy contrast with adults is mentioned.

Maternal obesity is associated with pregnancy complications and increases the risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases in children later life. The adverse perinatal outcomes maternal changes placental function morphological structure, including decidual arteriopathy infarction, increased disc mass (>90th percentile) chronic inflammation villi a decrease their number. hypoxia, intense angiogenesis, levels glucose amino acid transporter transcripts, which can cause fetal metabolic...

ABSTRACT THE AIM: to assess the role of arterial hypertension in prognosis course glomerulonephritis children. PATIENTS AND METHODS. 300 children from 3 18 years old with different forms were observed. Observation included pedigree and catamnesis disease during 2-12 years. One hundred parameters analysed, including anamnesis clinical symptoms, renal function indexes, plasma phospholipid spectrum immune indexes. RESULTS. Arterial is most significant symptom glomerulonephritis. If blood...

High levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in blood plasma have traditionally been considered an anti-atherogenic factor, but this opinion is not always supported by epidemiological and genetic studies. The functions are much greater importance, the main which implementation reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from cells to liver. part 1 review presents sequence passage HDL, shows importance each link chain for development atherosclerosis; methods determining RCT given. Changes structure...

Ось «витамин D — фактор роста фибробластов 23 (fi broblast growth factor, FGF23) белок klotho»  играет важную роль в онтогенезе и функционировании дыхательной системы. Приведены доказательства связи витамина с фосфатонинами комплексом фосфатурических субстанций, стимулирующим вывод фосфатов через почки. Рецептор (ВДР) на моделях животных обнаружен практически во всех типах клеток легкого. В клетках эпителия дыхательных путей существует не только ВДР, но ферменты, осуществляющие...

The review provides data, indicating about the role of intrauterine fetal growth conditions in chronic pathology at adults and aged individuals. significance body mass birth, associated with maternal nutrition, placenta, trophic status fetus progression obesity, arterial hypertension insulin resistance postnatal period is discussed. Low small number nephrons, high risk kidney diseases adults.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is becoming an increasing common treatment modality for a variety of diseases. Kidneys are recognized as target organ acute and chronic graft-versus host disease (GvHD).Glomerulopathy significantly limits patient life-time. Acute kidney injury occurs on average in 100 days after HCT 15 – 73% patients due to treatmentrelated toxity radiation. Chronic GvHD associated with disease. The majority CKD idiopathic syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy...

A review of domestic and foreign literature describes the phenotypes genetically determined forms obesity. Among non-syndromic monogenic obesity, variants associated with mutations in leptine receptors genes are particularly prominent. Several rare caused by that regulate development hypothalamus central nervous system. Ciliary dysfunction is at root group hereditary disorders – ciliopathy, including Bardet–Biedl Joubert syndromes accompanied varying degrees The diagnostic criteria for...

The term "microbiota" refers to a group of bacteria, as well viruses, protozoa, fungi, and archaea associated with specific niche macroorganism. In recent years, interest in the viral component microbiota, virome, has increased. gut microbiome is best studied. study urine virome urinary organs just begun. review presents data on eukaryotic viruses bacteriophages system under physiological pathological conditions. future, urobiome urovirome will allow revising approaches therapy...