Children with neurodevelopmental disorders are at increased risk for sleep issues, which affect quality of life, cognitive function, and behavior. To determine the prevalence problems in children common disorder neurofibromatosis type 1, a cross-sectional study was performed on 129 affected subjects 89 unaffected siblings, age 2 to 17 years, using Sleep Disturbance Scale questionnaire. 1 were significantly more likely have disturbances initiating maintaining sleep, arousal, sleep-wake...

Abstract Affect-biased attention is an automatic process that prioritizes emotionally or motivationally salient stimuli. Several models of affect-biased and its development suggest it comprises individual’s ability to both engage with disengage from emotional Researchers typically rely on singular tasks measure attention, which may lead inconsistent results across studies. Here we examined three in a unique sample 193 infants, using variable-centered (factor analysis; FA) person-centered...

Temperament traits are early appearing and relatively stable phenotypic profiles of behavior that present across space time. This definition invariably reflects the timescale imposed when gathering repeated measures our variables interest reliance on aggregate, mean-level values. However, if observations is shortened frequency increased, underlying or latent fluctuations variability may emerge. Embedding short-term into slower developmental trajectories improve understanding in moment while...

Understanding others’ intentions and emotions is supported by the mentalizing networkand helps people navigate inherently complex dynamics of social interactions. However,work investigating network often relies on non-naturalistic methods, limiting ourunderstanding individual differences most apparent within interaction contexts. Wetook a naturalistic, multilevel approach to investigate relations between real-world affectiveexpressions, anxiety symptoms connectivity. Same...

Abstract Within the developmental literature, there is an often unspoken tension between studies that aim to capture broad scale, fairly universal nomothetic traits, and focus on mechanisms trajectories are idiographic bounded some extent by systematic individual differences. The suitability of these approaches varies as a function specific research interests at hand. Although interdependent, they have proceeded parallel traditions. current review notes historical empirical bases for this...

Background Variation in EEG‐derived delta–beta coupling has recently emerged as a potential neural marker of emotion regulation, providing novel and noninvasive method for assessing risk factor anxiety. However, our understanding been limited to group‐level comparisons, which provide information about an individual’s dynamics. Methods The present study used multilevel modeling map second‐by‐second patterns between delta beta power. Specifically, we examined how inter‐ intraindividual changed...

This study examined patterns of attention toward affective stimuli in a longitudinal sample typically developing infants (N = 357, 147 females, 50% White, 22% Latinx, 16% African American/Black, 3% Asian, 8% mixed race, 1% not reported) using two eye-tracking tasks that measure vigilance to (rapid detection), engagement with (total looking toward), and disengagement from (latency away) emotional facial configurations. Infants completed each task at 4, 8, 12, 18, 24 months age 2016 2020....

Developmental theories suggest affect-biased attention, preferential attention to emotionally salient stimuli, emerges during infancy through coordinating individual differences. Here we examined bidirectional relations between infant temperamental negative affect, and maternal anxiety symptoms using a Random Intercepts Cross-Lagged Panel model (RI-CLPM). Infant-mother pairs from Central Pennsylvania Northern New Jersey (

Despite the importance of peer experiences during early childhood for socioemotional development, few studies have examined how young children process and respond to feedback. The current study used an ecologically valid experimental paradigm children's processing social acceptance or rejection. In this paradigm, 118 (50% boys; Mage = 72.92 months; SD 9.30; Rangeage 53.19–98.86 months) sorted pictures unknown, similar-aged peers into those with whom they wished did not wish play. They were...

Flexible social attention, including visually attending to interaction partners, coupled with positive affect may facilitate adaptive functioning. However, most research assessing attention relies on static computer-based paradigms, overlooking the dynamics of interactions and limiting understanding individual differences in deployment naturalistic attention. The current study used mobile eye-tracking examine relations between expressed affect, behavioral inhibition during play young...

We used a naturalistic neuroscience paradigm to assess mentalizing network neural similarity. Undergraduate student (N = 34, 85% White, 65% Women) friend pairs engaged in conversation while their views were recorded. Participants watched clips of the social interaction from both own and friend’s view fMRI data collected. After each clip, individuals rated affect. Neural similarity was computed classic sense (participants same clip) perspective self- or friend-view, making it moment but not...

This study examined individual differences in affective attention trajectories infancy and relations with competence social reticence at 24 months. Data collection spanned 2017 to 2021. Infants (

Dysregulated fear (DF), the presence of fearful behaviors in both low-threat and high-threat contexts, is associated with child anxiety symptoms during early childhood (e.g., Buss et al., 2013). However, not all children DF go on to develop an disorder (Buss McDoniel, 2016). This study leveraged data from two longitudinal cohorts (N = 261) (1) use person-centered methods identify profiles temperament, (2) replicate findings linking kindergarten, (3) test if sex moderates associations between...

Developmental theories suggest affect-biased attention, preferential attention to emotionally salient stimuli, emerges during infancy through coordinating individual differences. Here we examined bidirectional relations between infant temperamental negative affect, and maternal anxiety symptoms. Infant-mother pairs (N = 342; 50% girls; 52% White) participated when infants were 4, 8, 12, 18 24 months of age. Greater fluctuation in symptoms at 12- 18-months prospectively related greater...

This study examined individual differences in affective attention trajectories infancy and relations with competence social reticence at 24 months. Data collection spanned 2017 to 2021. Infants (N = 297, 53% White, 49% reported as assigned male birth) recruited South Central Pennsylvania Northern New Jersey provided eye-tracking data five assessments. Caregivers self-reported anxiety symptoms, infant temperamental negative affect the final assessment. A subgroup of infants participated a...

Making friends is fun! But for some children, it hard and even scary. Children who are shy (behaviorally inhibited) nervous about meeting new people. Happy feelings help people make friends. Looking at to talk them also helps We wanted know more what happens when children play together the first time. found that mostly look toys they playing with a friend. show happy feelings, likely friend! Sharing higher in behavioral inhibition less share can by giving time get comfortable helping meet