A5030339813- Astro and Planetary Science
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Marine and environmental studies
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Historical Astronomy and Related Studies
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1983-2025
California Institute of Technology
1980-2025
Cornell University
2015-2024
Lunar and Planetary Institute
2004-2019
Planetary Science Institute
2006-2018
Space Science Institute
2016-2017
Ithaca College
2011-2016
University of Arizona
2004-2013
Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology
1999-2013
University of California, Berkeley
2013
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large (6.6 m), cold (<50 K), infrared (IR)-optimized space observatory that will be launched early in the next decade into orbit around second Earth–Sun Lagrange point. have four instruments: near-IR camera, multiobject spectrograph, and tunable filter imager cover wavelength range, 0.6 < ; 5.0 μ m, while mid-IR instrument do both imaging spectroscopy from 29 m. JWST science goals are divided themes. key objective of End Dark Ages: First Light...
We present the results of a new series nongray calculations atmospheres, spectra, colors, and evolution extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) brown dwarfs for effective temperatures below 1300 K. This theory encompasses most mass/age parameter space occupied by substellar objects is first spectral study down to 100 These are in aid multitude searches being conducted or planned around world reveal exotic nature class. Generically, absorption H2 at longer wavelengths H2O opacity windows shorter...
Abstract— In the primordial solar system, most plausible sources of water accreted by Earth were in outer asteroid belt, giant planet regions, and Kuiper Belt. We investigate implications on origin Earth's dynamical models evolution system bodies check them with respect to chemical constraints. find that it is all along its formation, from early phases when nebula was still present late stages gas‐free sweepup scattered planetesimals. Asteroids comets Jupiter‐Saturn region first deliverers,...
Straddling the traditional realms of planets and stars, objects below edge main sequence have such unique properties, are being discovered in quantities, that one can rightly claim a new field at interface planetary science astronomy is born. This article extends previous review Burrows Liebert (1993) describes essential elements theory brown dwarfs giant planets. It discusses their evolution, atmospheric composition, spectra, including spectroscopic classes L T. Particular topics which...
The Cassini spacecraft passed within 168.2 kilometers of the surface above southern hemisphere at 19:55:22 universal time coordinated on 14 July 2005 during its closest approach to Enceladus. Before and after this time, a substantial atmospheric plume coma were observed, detectable in Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) data set out distance over 4000 from INMS indicate that are dominated by water, with significant amounts carbon dioxide, an unidentified species mass-to-charge ratio 28...
The major goals of NASA's Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) and the European Space Agency's Darwin missions are to detect terrestrial-sized extrasolar planets directly seek spectroscopic evidence habitable conditions life. Here we recommend wavelength ranges spectral features for these missions. We assess known molecular band Earth, Venus, Mars in context putative analogs. preferred 7-25 microns mid-IR 0.5 approximately 1.1 visible near-IR. Detection O2 or its photolytic product O3 merits...
Saturn's moon Enceladus has an ice-covered ocean; a plume of material erupts from cracks in the ice. The contains chemical signatures water-rock interaction between ocean and rocky core. We used Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer onboard Cassini spacecraft to detect molecular hydrogen plume. By using instrument's open-source mode, background processes production instrument were minimized quantified, enabling identification statistically significant signal native Enceladus. find that most...
This article reviews our current understanding of terrestrial planet formation. The focus is on computer simulations the dynamical aspects accretion process. Throughout review, we combine results these theoretical models with geochemical, cosmochemical, and chronological constraints to outline a comprehensive scenario early evolution solar system. Given that giant planets formed first in protoplanetary disk, stress sensitive dependence process orbital architecture their evolution. suggests...
The Cassini‐Huygens probe gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GCMS) determined the composition of Titan atmosphere from ∼140 km altitude to surface. After landing, it returned data gases evaporated Height profiles molecular nitrogen (N 2 ), methane (CH 4 and hydrogen (H ) were determined. Traces detected on surface evaporating methane, ethane (C H 6 acetylene cyanogen N carbon dioxide (CO ). showed evidence that precipitation occurred recently. mole fraction was (1.48 ± 0.09) × 10 −2 in...
Inside Enceladus Saturn's moon has often been the focus of flybys Cassini spacecraft. Although small—Enceladus is roughly 10 times smaller than largest moon, Titan—Enceladus shown hints having a complex internal structure rich in liquid water. Iess et al. (p. 78 ) used long-range data collected by spacecraft to construct gravity model Enceladus. The resulting field indicates presence large mass anomaly at its south pole. Calculations moment inertia and hydrostatic equilibrium from suggest...
The most recent Cassini RADAR images of Titan show widespread regions (up to 1500 kilometers by 200 kilometers) near-parallel radar-dark linear features that appear be seas longitudinal dunes similar those seen in the Namib desert on Earth. Ku-band (2.17-centimeter wavelength) â¼100-meter ridges consistent with duneforms and reveal flow interactions underlying hills. distribution orientation support a model fluctuating surface winds â¼0.5 meter per second resulting from combination an...
view Abstract Citations (281) References (75) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Thermodynamics of clathrate hydrate at low and high pressures with application to the outer solar system Lunine, J. I. ; Stevenson, D. The thermodynamic stability is calculated predict formation conditions corresponding a range parameters. calculations were performed using statistical mechanical theory developed by van der Waals Platteeuw (1959) existing experimental...
It is proposed that Saturn's satellite Titan covered by an ocean one to several kilometers deep consisting mainly of ethane. If the in thermodynamic equilibrium with atmosphere 3 percent (mole fraction) methane, then its composition roughly 70 ethane, 25 and 5 nitrogen. Photochemical models predict ethane dominant end product methane photolysis so evolving both source sink for continuing photolysis. The coexisting compatible Voyager data.
This article summarizes a workshop held on March, 2014, the potential of James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to revolutionize our knowledge physical properties exoplanets through transit observations. JWST's unique combination high sensitivity and broad wavelength coverage will enable accurate measurement transits with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Most importantly, JWST spectroscopy investigate planetary atmospheres determine atomic molecular compositions, probe vertical horizontal structure,...