A5084205377- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Environmental Monitoring and Data Management
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Marine animal studies overview
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications
- Marine and coastal plant biology
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2016-2025
Rutgers Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights
2001-2025
New York University Abu Dhabi
2023
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2021
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2021
Google (United States)
2018-2020
Finger Lakes Community College
2018
University of Maine
2018
Oceanography Society
2009-2018
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2017
Abstract Trait‐based approaches to community structure are increasingly used in terrestrial ecology. We show that such an approach, augmented by a mechanistic analysis of trade‐offs among functional traits, can be successfully explain composition marine phytoplankton along environmental gradients. Our literature on major traits phytoplankton, as parameters nutrient‐dependent growth and uptake, reveals physiological species abilities acquire utilize resources. These trade‐offs, arising from...
The climate of the western shelf Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is undergoing a transition from cold-dry polar-type to warm-humid sub-Antarctic-type climate. Using three decades satellite and field data, we document that ocean biological productivity, inferred chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), has significantly changed along WAP shelf. Summertime surface Chl (summer integrated approximately 63% annually a) declined by 12% over past 30 years, with largest decreases equatorward 63 degrees S...
Abstract In the nearshore coastal waters along Antarctic Peninsula, a recurrent shift in phytoplankton community structure, from diatoms to cryptophytes, has been documented. The was observed consecutive years (1991–1996) during austral summer and correlated time space with glacial melt‐water runoff reduced surface water salinities. Elevated temperatures Peninsula will increase extent of zones seasonal prevalence cryptophytes. This is significant because change cryptophytes represents marked...
In many community assemblages, the abundance of organisms is a power-law function organism size. phytoplankton communities, changes in size structure associated with increases resource availability and total biomass have often been interpreted as release from grazer control. A metapopulation-like approach used to scale up individual physiological responses environmental conditions assuming taxonomic composition reflects species pool. We show that scaling cellular nutrient requirements growth...
The extent, duration, and seasonality of sea ice glacial discharge strongly influence Antarctic marine ecosystems. Most organisms' life cycles in this region are attuned to seasonality. annual retreat melting the austral spring stratifies upper ocean, triggering large phytoplankton blooms. magnitude blooms is proportional winter extent cover, which can act as a barrier wind mixing. krill, one most abundant metazoan populations on Earth, consume dominated by diatoms. Krill, turn, support...
Rapid warming in the highly productive western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region of Southern Ocean has affected multiple trophic levels, yet viral influences on microbial processes and ecosystem function remain understudied Ocean. Here we use cultivation-independent quantitative ecological metagenomic assays, combined with new comparative bioinformatic techniques, to investigate double-stranded DNA viruses during WAP spring-summer transition. This study demonstrates that (i) temperate...
Abstract Hurricane-intensity forecast improvements currently lag the progress achieved for hurricane tracks. Integrated ocean observations and simulations during Irene (2011) reveal that wind-forced two-layer circulation of stratified coastal ocean, resultant shear-induced mixing, led to significant rapid ahead-of-eye-centre cooling (at least 6 °C up 11 °C) over a wide swath continental shelf. Atmospheric establish this as missing contribution required reproduce Irene’s accelerated intensity...
Abstract Buoyancy driven Slocum Gliders were a vision of Douglas Webb, which Henry Stommel championed in futuristic published 1989. have transitioned from concept to technology serving basic research and environmental stewardship. The long duration low operating costs allow them anchor spatial time series. Large distances, over 600 km, can be covered using single set alkaline batteries. Since the initial tests, wide range physical optical sensors been integrated into Glider allowing...
Carbon uptake by marine phytoplankton, and its export as organic matter to the ocean interior (i.e., "biological pump"), lowers partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) in upper facilitates diffusive drawdown atmospheric CO(2). Conversely, precipitation calcium carbonate planktonic calcifiers such coccolithophorids increases pCO(2) promotes outgassing "alkalinity pump"). Over past approximately 100 million years, these two fluxes have been modulated relative abundance diatoms...
Superoxide dismutases (SOD) catalyze the disproportionation of potentially destructive superoxide anion radical (O 2 •− , a byproduct aerobic metabolism) to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide: 2O +2H + →H O +O . Based on metal cofactors, four known metalloforms SOD enzymes have been identified: they contain either Fe, Mn, Cu Zn, or Ni. Orthologs all are present in oxygenic photoautotrophs. The expression is highly regulated, with specific playing an inducible protective role for cellular...
The utility of photopigments and absorption signatures to detect enumerate the red tide dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium breve, was evaluated in laboratory cultures natural assemblages. carotenoid, gyroxanthindiester, an adequate biomarker for G. breve biomass; water‐column concentrations corresponded with cell standing crops chlorophyll a during bloom events Sarasota Bay, Florida. Unlike other carotenoids, relative abundance gyroxanthin‐diester did not change throughout range physiological...
Numerous taxonomic groups exhibit an evolutionary trajectory in cell or body size. The size structure of marine phytoplankton communities strongly affects food web and organic carbon export into the ocean interior, yet macroevolutionary patterns have not been previously investigated. We constructed a database silica frustule dominant fossilized planktonic diatom species over Cenozoic. found that minimum maximum sizes expanded concert with increasing diversity. In contrast, mean area is...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 273:269-279 (2004) - doi:10.3354/meps273269 Resource limitation alters 3/4 size scaling of metabolic rates in phytoplankton Zoe V. Finkel1,*, Andrew J. Irwin1,2, Oscar Schofield1 1Institute & Coastal Sciences, Ocean Observation Laboratory, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, Jersey 08901, USA 2Biology...
Abstract. Phytoplankton community composition profoundly affects patterns of nutrient cycling and the dynamics marine food webs; therefore predicting present future phytoplankton structure is crucial to understand how ocean ecosystems respond physical forcing limitations. We develop a mechanistic model communities that includes multiple taxonomic groups (diatoms, coccolithophores prasinophytes), nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, silicate iron), light, generalist zooplankton grazer....
Synechococcus clone WH7803 (DC2) was grown on a 12:12 h light-dark cycle of either blue-green fluorescent, whlte fluorescent or daylight-filtered tungsten light.Integrated irradiance for each culture set at 15 p E ~n m-' S-' Subsequent measurements absorption, pigmentation and carbon action spectra were used to examine wavelength-dependence photosynthetic quantum yield.Comparison directly-measured reconstructed absorption suggests that 'pigment packaging' effects are minimal in...
Eukaryotic genome size varies over five orders of magnitude; however, the distribution is strongly skewed toward small values. Genome highly correlated to a number phenotypic traits, suggesting that relative lack large genomes in eukaryotes due selective removal. Using phylogenetic contrasts, we show rate evolution proportional size, with fastest rates occurring largest genomes. This trend evident across 20 major eukaryotic clades analyzed, indicating long time scales, change dominant and...
In search of an explanation for some the greenest waters ever seen in coastal Antarctica and their possible link to fastest melting glaciers declining summer sea ice, Amundse ...