Thl and Thl-inducing cytokines T cell responses were investigated in human salmonellosis. Serum IFN-gamma, IL-12 IL-18 levels increased significantly patients with The increase serum IL-15 was more significant prolonged the systemic form of salmonellosis than those gastroenteric form. IFN-gamma level correlated IL18 levels, IL-18. Upon stimulation Salmonella vitro, mononuclear cells from produced higher amounts compared healthy controls. Anti-IL-12 moAb or anti-IL18 MoAb inhibited...

The present study evaluated the effect of hemoplasmosis on cattle productivity. Prevalence bovine hemoplasma was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using whole blood samples collected from 93 breeding cows and their 71 calves in Hokkaido, Japan. Monthly milk production records other clinical data were compared between Mycoplasma wenyonii (Mw)-infected, “Candidatus haemobos” (CMh)-infected, co-infected PCR-negative groups. Blood chemical parameters obtained 64 calves. PCR results...

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the colostral and foal serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration values in heavy draft horses Japan examine effects peripartum mare condition on immunity. Colostrum obtained 1 hr after foaling (pre-suckling; n=178). Blood collected from jugular vein foals (n=147) at 24 48 birth. statuses 73 mares were recorded. average IgG 10,540 ± 3,190 mg/dl (median=10,928; range 1,434−17,514 mg/dl). neonatal birth 1,750 919 (median=1,890; 0−3,510 Although did...

The combined thickness of the uterus and placenta (CTUP) ultrasonographic images uteroplacental tissues were investigated in 35 pregnant heavy draft horses Months 7-12 pregnancy. mares divided into three groups: those pathologically diagnosed as placentitis (placentitis group, n=3); who had abortion, premature birth, or fetal malformation (abnormal n=7); no abnormal findings (normal n=25). In normal CTUP increased pregnancy progressed from 7 (median, 7.08 mm; range, 5.68-11.27) to 12 (13.31...

It is desirable to attend the mare at time of foaling in order assist fetal delivery and prevent complications. The early detection onset labor an important issue for equine industry. purpose this study was examine applicability a sensor using data surface temperature (ST), roll angle (rotation about y-axis) y-axis (long axis tail) acceleration which were collected from multimodal device attached ventral tail base mare. every 3 minutes 17 pregnant mares. Roll differences reference values...

Dystocia is often lethal for neonatal foals; however, its clinicopathological features remain largely unknown. We investigated the effect of dystocia on foal blood profile. Venous samples were collected from 35 foals (5 Percheron and 30 crossbreds between Percheron, Belgian, Breton heavy draft horses) at 0 hr, 1 12 hr day after birth. was defined as prolonged labor >30 min with strong fetal traction or without displacement. The group (n=13) showed lower mean values pH (P<0.01), bicarbonate...

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between placental retention time (PRT) and reproductive performance following mating at foal heat in Thoroughbreds. For purpose, we interviewed 292 farmers over a period 3 years with questionnaires evaluating foaling, expulsion placenta 1,432 mares. obtained data were later compared previous heavy draft average PRT Thoroughbred mares 58 ± 88 min (mean SD). mean Thoroughbreds significantly shorter than that the148 incidences retained (RP)...

Autonomic nervous function evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) and blood characteristics were compared between Holstein Friesian cows that developed postpartum fever (PF; n = 5) clinically healthy (CH; 6) puerperal in this case-control study. A cow was defined as having PF when its rectal temperature rose to ≥39.5°C 1 3 days postpartum. We recorded electrocardiograms during period using a Holter-type electrocardiograph applied power spectral analysis of HRV. Comparisons the groups...

Heavy draft mares potentially have a higher risk of suffering from postpartum fever (PF) than light breed mares. The purpose this study was to compare hematological and biochemical features between clinically healthy (n=40) PF-affected (n=16). Mares were classified as having PF when their rectal temperature rose >38.5°C within 96 hr foaling. numbers leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils the serum magnesium level significantly lower in SAA NEFA levels Strong inflammation responses, fat...

Twenty-one limbs of bovine cadavers (42 digits) were exposed to interdigital cassetteless imaging plate using computed radiography. The radiographic findings included exostosis, a rough planta surface, osteolysis the apex distal phalanx and widening laminar zone between hoof wall. All these confirmed by tomography. hindlimbs (19 showed more changes than forelimbs (10 digits), particularly in lateral phalanx. radiography technique is expected be an easily applicable method for rather...

A healthy 71-day-old female Japanese Black calf was evaluated for fracture of the left humerus. The humeral treated by closed repair and unilateral external skeletal fixation (ESF) with an epoxy putty fixator. active, eight days after surgery slipped fell, resulting in breakage ESF. underwent transfixation pinning casting (TPC), which is alternative to ESF method. TPC removed 37 first surgery, could bear weight on forelimb while walking. This case suggests that recovery a active can be...

The distribution of Cholecystokinin receptors in the hamster gallbladder was investigated by 125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter-cholecystokinin octapeptide autoradiography. Light microscopic examination showed a marked accumulation radiolabeled within domain muscle layer gallbladder. electron study further disclosed presence radiolabeling mostly those areas corresponding to cell-to-cell junctions smooth-muscle cells. Our results suggest that contraction may primarily be induced cholecystokinin...

To clarify the mechanisms underlying development of displaced abomasum (DA), we repositioned DA in 12 cows by rolling and observed course redisplacement using X-ray fluoroscopy. Displacement was to follow three patterns: displacement left side abdominal cavity through gap formed at reticulum, atrium rumen ventral sac (n=7); after cranial movement along diaphragm (n=3); right (n=2). These differences were considered be associated with volume. best our knowledge, this is first study reporting...

The aim of this study was to examine the treatment outcomes tibial fracture using different configurations transfixation pinning and casting (TPC) in eight cattle. After pins were inserted stabilize site, cast material placed from level stifle hoof (full TPC) six cases proximal metatarsus (partial two cases. Five cattle (three full TPC partial cases) underwent removal 36-86 days after surgery resumed productivity. other three which suffered irreversible orthopedic complications within 5...

While intrauterine fluid (IUF) is observed as mucous in healthy mares during estrus, the presence of IUF diestrus an indicator endometritis. Mating induces endometrial inflammation mares, called mating-induced endometritis, that disappears within 1–2 days after mating. On other hand, it also known remaining beyond 12 hr mating can cause persistent inflammation, bacterial growth, and decreased fertility. This study aimed to investigate relationship between cervical bacteria before Mares were...

The aim of this study was to assess the measurement bone mineral density (BMD) by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), comparing relationships BMD between QCT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) radiographic (RA) in metacarpal Holstein dairy cows (n=27). A significant positive correlation found DXA measurements (r=0.70, P<0.01), a RA (r=0.50, P<0.01). We conclude that provides evaluation cows, because measured showed correlations with two conventional methods: RA.