The article examines a basic element of the bygone social reality - historical fact. emphasis is made on its interpretation as message event. always sent by human being with his own peculiarities, therefore problem knowledge objectivity arises. Its subjectivity determined historian’s personal approach to choosing and interpreting facts. Meanwhile perception history pure subjective phenomenon false: synthesized from objective components.

<p>В статье анализируется проблема визуализированного образа как сознательно созданного зрительного представления определенной идеи. Он отличается от модели, чертежа, диаграммы, эскиза тем, что воспринимается человеком объективно существующий предмет или процесс (обладает свойством интенциональности). В отличие ощущения визуализированный образ является изображением, обладает структурным соответствием объекту. научном познании визуализированные образы выполняют две функции: а) они...

Башкирский государственный аграрный университет;

The aim of our research was to study the adaptogenic properties maral root and pantocrin possibility their application in practice sports training powerlifters preparatory period.In studies with students undergraduates Bashkir Agrarian University, adaptive possibilities effective norms for use these adaptogens during periods high physical exertion on all muscle groups were established.It has been revealed that tinctures by parenteral administration enhances endurance athletes, increases...

The article aims to justify integrity of the objective and subjective in cognition by solving contradiction between realism constructivism. Realism, having evolved from naïve hypothetic, comes recognize constructivist conception discrepancy our knowledge world itself. Constructivism recognizes existence but can’t solve problem genesis psyche structures that arrange information about into a picture. This can be solved viewpoint fractal Jung’s archetype model based on generative world. From...

The problems of studying logical thinking and the visual image are examined in context interiorization theory. Difference between activity-based operational approaches to cognition is identified. Essence considered by example E. V. Ilyenkov’s conception based on Hegel’s pan-logic philosophy. explained as a result subject’s sensorimotor activity associated with object cognition. authors try synthesize nativist interpretation act. conclusion made that can be from viewpoint approach.

The study aims to identify specific features of Quranic ontology. Difference between the notions “Quranic worldview” and ontology” is demonstrated. ontology amounts philosophical considerations worldview presented in Quran, its critical analysis. novel that it provides rationale for: a) legitimacy apophatic nature Islamic theology; b) teleological reasoning behind world’s creation Quran. research findings are as follows: main objects God a man. interpreted Quran spirit tradition - “neither...

The paper aims to reveal the meaning of sunnah in Islam. Relevance problem is conditioned by fact that a subject growing criticism on part Quranists. article considers history Quranism; special attention paid Rashad Khalifa’s views. It shown existing certain hadiths, regarded as falsifications or outdated norms medieval Arabic law (adat), well grounded. authors claim Quranism, even though it contains some reformative ideas, threatens foundations classical following conclusions are justified:...