Keel bone fractures in laying hens have been described with increasing prevalence from several countries over the last twenty years and are considered one of greatest welfare problems to layer industry. In Denmark we observed fracture range 53% 100% flocks cage-free systems whereas flock prevalences birds enriched cages ranged between 50–98%. Previous research speculated that underlying reason for development keel is trauma relation impact bird furniture, other equipment etc. However, little...

Keel bone fractures (KBF) in commercial poultry production systems are a major welfare problem with possible economic consequences for the industry. Recent investigations suggest that overall situation may be worsening. Depending on housing system, fracture prevalences exceeding 80% have been reported from different countries. No specific causes yet identified and this has consequently hampered risk factor identification. The objective of current study was to investigate prevalence KBF...

Disinfection of hatching eggs is essential to ensure high quality production broilers. Different protocols are followed in different hatcheries; however, only limited scientific evidence on how the disinfection procedures impact microbiome available. The aim present study was characterize and aerobic bacterial load before during subsequent steps. included a group visibly clean dirty eggs. For eggs, an initial wash chlorine performed, hereafter all were submitted two times fumigation finally...

The keel bone in laying hens is prone to fractures, especially on the caudal third of keel, which also last part ossify. Keel fractures (KBF) typically occur between 25 and 50 weeks age (WOA). However, fully ossified at around 40 WOA, suggesting can before ossification complete. To better understand relationship KBF ossification, this descriptive study examined morphology during maturation. bones from commercial aviary housed Dekalb White were collected 10 timepoints 17–53 WOA prepared for...

1. Salmonella spp. are one of the most important foodborne zoonotic pathogens, often transmitted to humans through table eggs and fresh meat. Strategies for prevention reduction in poultry include various approaches, such as biosecurity measures, vaccination use feed additives, like probiotic bacteria.2. This study investigated impact a commercial Bacillus-based on enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) colonisation layer-type chicks, critical issue food safety. Lohmann Selected Leghorn chicks...

In poultry production Escherichia coli autogenous vaccines are often used. However, the efficacy of E. vaccinations has not been evaluated experimentally in chickens after start lay. The aim present study was to evaluate protective effect an vaccine broiler breeders. Three groups 28-week-old breeders (unvaccinated, vaccinated once and twice, respectively) were challenged with a homologous strain (same as included vaccine) or heterologous challenge experimental ascending model. clinical...

Broiler production is highly dependent on good health in the parent flocks. The so-called normal mortality these flocks remains to be addressed further reduce of breeders and improve quality broilers. aim present study, therefore, was investigate etiology this breeder map out possible critical periods during relation risks importance offspring. Dead birds from four were subjected postmortem bacteriologic examination onset lay until slaughter (20–60 weeks). Causes divided into noninfectious...

Footpad lesions are an important factor in evaluation of animal welfare broilers regulated by law; however, no legal requirements have been set for the parent birds. Nevertheless, present study confirms that foot health broiler breeders declines significantly with increasing age, thus potentially impairing due to pain and discomfort from footpad dermatitis. Furthermore, this is first report demonstrating a correlation between presence systemic bacterial infections Gram-positive cocci breeder

Most Salmonella serovars cause disease in many host species, while a few have evolved to be specific. Very little is known about the mechanisms that contribute specificity. We compared interactions between chicken primary macrophages (CDPM) and host-generalist serovar enterica Typhimurium, host-adapted Dublin, avian host-specific Gallinarum. S Gallinarum was taken up lower numbers by CDPM than Typhimurium Dublin; however, higher survival rate observed for this serovar. In addition, Dublin...

Five different Artemisia annua-derived materials (i.e. dry leaves, pure artemisinin, and hexane, dichloromethane or methanol extracts of leaves) were screened for their in vitro activities against six clonal cultures Histomonas meleagridis. Except the extract, all tested displayed activity protozoal clones. Neither plant material, nor artemisinin showed any antibacterial xenic bacteria accompanying H. meleagridis clones at concentration levels identical to antihistomonal setting. The extract...

Apperantly healthy laying hens at the end of production (60 to 91 wk) were investigated for occurrence pathology and bacterial infections. In total, 7,477 from 15 flocks representing following systems: Enriched cages, barn housed layers, organic/free range layers necropsied. Indications infection by bacteriological cultivation. The overall prevalence lesions was 16.60%, including both infectious non-infectious origin. most prevalent bursitis presternalis (6.65%), reproductive tract (e.g.,...

In this study, we investigate the effect of probiotic E. faecium 669 strain on gut integrity broilers and intestinal colonization with Salmonella Enteritidis. in vivo experiment, 120-day-old (Ross 308) were divided into 4 equally sized groups. Group A received as a single dose by spray at d 18 incubation group B drinking water daily throughout experiment. C was untreated control. D antibiotic Apramycin sulfate water. Broilers all four groups challenged S. Enteritidis oral gavage 8 life. From...

Infection in the oviduct (salpingitis) is most common bacterial infection egg laying hens and mainly caused by Escherichia coli. The disease responsible for decreased animal welfare, considerable economic loss as well a risk of horizontal vertical transmission pathogenic E. outcome salpingitis may be either acute or chronic. It has not yet been clarified whether pathological manifestation result characteristics coli associated with host factors such immunity.From core- accessory genome...

Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative opportunistic avian pathogen representing an emerging threat to poultry meat and egg production worldwide. To date, no vaccine able effectively prevent the morbidity associated with G. infections has been developed yet. Our group previously reported that inoculation of different combinations outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), FlfA GtxA-N proteins effective in preventing lesions caused by layer chickens. Here we report testing efficacy as prototypes OMVs...

Abstract Escherichia coli constitutes an immense challenge to the poultry industry due its devastating effect on productivity, mortality, and carcass condemnations. To aid future studies disease mechanisms interventions, aerogenous infection model was established in adult broiler breeders. Hens (n = 120) were randomly allocated into six groups receiving either aerosolised E. or vehicle, intratracheal vehicle. Replication of aerosol inoculation performed distinct days. Alternating euthanasia...

In poultry, Escherichia coli is a common cause of high-cost infections. Consequently, autogenous vaccines are often used despite limited and conflicting evidence on their effectiveness have been presented. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy commonly vaccine, previously deemed ineffective, in an aerosol model colibacillosis.Broiler breeders (n = 47) were randomly allocated one four groups (vaccinated unvaccinated birds receiving vaccine or sterile saline intramuscularly)...