The modular-multilevel-based isolated dc–dc converter (MMDC) is an attractive solution for the interconnection of medium-voltage (MV) and low-voltage (LV) dc grids. With a modular-multilevel (MMC) on MV side full bridges (FBs) LV side, MMDC can be flexibly scaled to different voltages power ratings. However, existing limited two-port operation where dc-link powers FBs must always kept identical. This letter proposes scheme that enables fully independent three-port bidirectional capable MVDC...

The current increase of electric vehicles in Germany requires an adequately developed charging infrastructure. Large numbers public and semi-public stations are necessary to ensure sufficient coverage. To make the installation worthwhile for mostly private operators as well ones, a utilization is decisive. An essential factor degree placement station. Therefore, initial site selection plays critical role planning process. This paper proposes station procedure based on real-world data places...

The high implementation of renewable energy systems (RESs) and the need to increase transmission capacity across Europe (e.g., north-south Germany) have resulted in integrated power electronics (PE)-based solutions electrical grids. PE allows more flexibility control over Solutions such as high-voltage (HV) dc flexible alternating current (FACTS) transfer capabilities while preserving system's safety providing reactive power). Additionally, PE-based solutions, which are characterized by fast...

The current increase in the number of electric vehicles Germany requires an adequately developed charging infrastructure. Large numbers public and semi-public stations are necessary to ensure sufficient coverage options. In order make installation worthwhile for mostly private operators as well ones, a utilization is decisive. This paper gives overview differences across infrastructure Germany. To this end, dataset on 21164 evaluated. operating costs various modeled economically evaluated...

DC collector grids within offshore wind park offer advantages regarding efficiency and investment costs. Dual-active bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter systems can be applied for stepping-up the dc output-voltage of turbines (WT). The increase voltage level reduces effort cabling increases system efficiency. Within this paper, advantage DAB used in medium-voltage (MVDC) is presented. Also, optimum design clusters wake effect grid losses investigated to maximize energy yield.

The electrification of the mobility sector is steadily increasing. Besides established electrical vehicles like railways, also number full-electric busses with on-board batteries grows. Moreover, acceptance and hence share electric cars in traffic continously rising. To further accelerate public individual traffic, large-scale usual fast-charging infrastructures should be developed. This paper presents different approaches to ensure proper integration into existing grids. Also, power supply...

We investigate the environmental impacts of on-board (based on alternating current, AC) and off-board direct DC) charging concepts for electric vehicles using Life Cycle Assessment considering a maximum power 22 kW (AC) 50 (DC). Our results show that manufacturing chargers provokes highest contribution to production phase. Within chargers, filters could be identified as main polluters all levels. When comparing system level, DC causes less impact than AC in categories. In our diffusion...

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining acceptance due to the advantages they offer in reduction of nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide emissions. The need for emission potential EVs these reductions is reflected current sustainable mobility policies EU as well German government. Increasing penetration grid requires an expansion EV charging infrastructure, which turn either reinforcement or solutions more efficient use existing infrastructure avoid postpone reinforcement. Distribution transformers...

Input-series output-parallel (ISOP) dc-dc converter systems require a dedicated input-voltage-sharing (IVS) control strategy. A centralized IVS typically reduces system modularity and reliability. Thus, this paper adopts decentralized method to the ISOP-connected three-phase dual-active bridge (DAB3) converter. It contributes exploring methods for ISOP by linking theory of negative incremental-resistance behavior instability IVS-transfer function. For stability assessment, closed-loop input...

This paper investigates the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) operation of a grid-tied photovoltaic inverter system. To prevent over-rating operations, conventional constant peak current strategy is usually implemented to limit amplitude considering injected reactive current. However, this can lead dc-link energy imbalance due maximum-power-point tracking function. A short-term overshoot voltage occur after grid recovery. Abnormal oscillations nonlinear characteristics demand specified in...

This paper presents a direct voltage control strategy for grid-tied inverter using model predictive (MPC). The (MPDVC) is cascaded to an alternating current (MPACC). simulation results show that the MPC approach offers stable steady-state performance and faster transient response compared PI controller benchmark.

Abstract This paper presents a power hardware-in-the-loop test bench for high-power DC charging stations battery electric vehicles. The emulates the three-phase grid and behavior of vehicle battery, creating dynamic flexible testing environment. employed emulator allows reproducible various conditions. introduced conditions include nominal selected faults. presented fault scenarios superimposed harmonic content voltage, voltage sags short-term supply interruption enable station resilience to...

This paper introduces a state-space model (SSM) based framework to analyze the small-signal stability of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) parks. An improved SSM PV inverters is proposed considering an accurate impact grid synchronization. Different methods are implemented investigate system stability, including eigenvalue distribution, participation factor and damping-resonance analysis. Based on that, reason unstable resonance can be identified operation control design optimized following...