Elevated concentrations of nitrate in potable water supplies have been linked to negative health outcomes such as methemoglobinemia and various cancers. Groundwater can become contaminated with from sources including onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs). A groundwater well down-gradient an OWTS serving elementary school Eastern North Carolina USA had 15 consecutive samples collected over a 5-year period that exceeded the maximum contaminant level 10 mg/L for nitrate. Corrective...

On-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) can contribute nitrogen (N) to coastal waters. In areas with shallow groundwater, OWTS are likely affected by meteorological events. However, the influences on temporal variability of N exports from not well documented. Hydrogeological characterization and seasonal monitoring groundwater quality were conducted at a residence adjacent Pamlico River Estuary, North Carolina, during 2-yr field study (October 2009-2011). Rainfall was elevated first...

The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence soil type and separation distance water table on dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations in groundwater adjacent on-site wastewater systems. Groundwater species (NO3--N NH4+-N) levels 16 systems three different groups (group I- sand, group II- coarse loams III -sandy clay loams) were monitored for 15 months (January 2007-March 2008) coastal North Carolina. On-site I had highest (median 18.9 mg/L) groundwater, most frequently (mean 61%)...

Abstract Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) and private wells are commonly used in Eastern North Carolina, USA. Water from is not required to be tested after the initial startup, thus persons using these may experience negative health outcomes if their water contaminated with waste-related pollutants including bacteria, nitrate or synthetic chemicals such as hexafluoropropylne oxide dimer acid its ammonium salt (GenX). samples 18 sites OWTSs groundwater were collected for nitrate,...

ABSTRACT Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are a common approach in coastal communities. Vertical separation distance (VSD) requirements between the drainfield and groundwater aim to ensure aerated soils for treatment. When VSD declines, OWTS can fail. This study evaluated response sea level rise (SLR) implications OWTS. A monitoring network (13 wells) was used evaluate depth Dare County, North Carolina. Groundwater levels were measured with water meters pressure transducers. Trends...

The study goal was to determine if on-site wastewater systems (OSWWS) installed in coastal areas were effective at reducing indicator bacteria densities before discharge groundwater. Groundwater Escherichia coli (E. coli) and groundwater levels adjacent 16 OSWWS three different soil groups (sand, sandy loam, clay loam) monitored compared background conditions on four occasions between March 2007 February 2008 North Carolina. beneath had significantly (p≤0.05) lower of E. than septic tank...

On-site wastewater treatment systems (OWS) are a potentially significant non-point source of nutrients to groundwater and surface waters, extensively used in coastal North Carolina. The goal this study was determine the efficiency four OWS reducing total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) organic carbon (DOC) concentrations before discharge and/or adjacent water. Piezometers were installed for sample collection nutrient analysis at separate residences that use OWS. Septic tank effluent, groundwater,...

The goal of this study was to determine if onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWS) were influencing groundwater and surface water Escherichia coli concentrations in a coastal plain watershed. Piezometers for monitoring installed at four residences served by OWS five municipal system (MWS). located two different, but nearby (<3 km), watersheds. Effluent from the septic tanks, piezometers, streams draining MWS watersheds sampled on dates between September 2011 May 2012. Groundwater E....

The objective of this study is to determine if the nitrogen treatment efficiency a large onsite wastewater system (OSW) in coastal plain North Carolina influenced by changes elevation water table. Groundwater readings including depth water, pH, temperature, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen are recorded eight times over 15‐month period (May 2013–August 2014) encompassing typically “wet” (two sampling events) “dry” (three seasons, table fluctuation 1.7 m. from piezometers ( n = 7)...

On-site wastewater treatment systems (OWS) are a common means of in coastal North Carolina, where the soils sandy and groundwater is relatively close to surface (<5 m). Wastewater contains elevated concentrations pathogenic microorganisms that can contaminate water if OWS not operating efficiently distributing equally all drainfield trenches. The objectives this study were compare distribution fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) beneath large low-pressure pipe (LPP) pump box system, determine...

The COVID-19 outbreak led governmental officials to close many businesses and schools, including colleges universities. Thus, the ability resume normal campus operation required adoption of safety measures monitor respond COVID-19. objective this study was determine efficacy wastewater-based epidemiology as a surveillance method in monitoring on college campus. use wastewater part program control outbreaks at East Carolina University evaluated. During Spring Fall 2021 semesters, samples (N =...

The objectives of this research were to calculate the on-site wastewater system (OWS) nitrogen loading groundwater in Newport River watershed, North Carolina and determine if these loads large enough be included watershed nutrient management plans along with other sources such as row-crop agriculture. Nitrogen loadings calculated using hydrological quality data beneath 16 OWS installed three different soil groups, demographic data. Over 30,000 people use 76% systems group I soils (sands),...

Wastewater contains elevated concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). The type wastewater treatment technology and septic system density may influence the FIB concentration exports at watershed scale. goal this study was to gain a better understanding from watersheds served by conventional (CS) systems, sand filter (SF) municipal sewer (SEW) system. Seven (3 CS, 3 SF, 1 SEW) were monitored quantify export monthly April 2015 March 2016. did not yield significant differences in or...

Abstract Nearly one-half of the residents North and South Carolina use decentralized or onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS). As climate changes, coastal communities relying on OWTS are particularly vulnerable, as soil-based may be reduced by water inundation from storm surge, sea level rise associated groundwater rise, heavy rainfall. Despite vulnerabilities to increased precipitation there is little known about how managers responding current future risks. We conducted interviews...

The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding the PO4-P treatment efficiency onsite wastewater systems (OWS) installed in nutrient-sensitive watersheds North Carolina Piedmont. Four OWS including two conventional and single-pass sand filter (SF) were evaluated at sites with clay-rich soils. Piezometers near all OWS, down-gradient from for groundwater collection characterization. Septic tanks, groundwater, SF effluent, surface waters sampled each season during 2015 (five times)...