Fazio, Sanbonmatsu, Powell, and Kardes (1986) demonstrated that Ss were able to evaluate adjectives more quickly when these immediately preceded (primed) by attitude objects of similar valence, compared with primed opposite valence. Moreover, this effect obtained primarily for toward which presumed hold highly accessible attitudes, as indexed evaluation latency. The present research explored the generality findings across procedural variations. results 3 experiments indicated automatic...

Contemporary communication technology blurs the boundaries between work–life and family–life environments, through after-hours, work-related contact. We examined relationship work contact, work–family conflict consequent outcomes of psychological distress sleep problems experienced by South African construction professionals. An integrated model these factors was proposed tested using path analysis responses from 630 survey respondents. Work experience, gender, domestic situation employment...

Construction professionals can experience high levels of occupational stress, leading to psychological, physiological, and sociological strain effects with sufferers adopting different coping mechanisms mitigate their condition. An online opinion survey gathered data, including self-assessments from 676 architects, civil engineers, quantity surveyors, project construction managers in South Africa. Based on correlation regression analysis the response an integrated conceptual trial model...

The objective of this study was to understand the impact hazardous and harmful use alcohol and/or other drugs on ARV adherence disease progression among HIV patients. A cross-sectional design used. total 1503 patients attending clinics in Cape Town, South Africa were screened for problematic substance use. sub-sample 607 (303 who positive 304 did not) participated study. Hazardous or drug predicted missing stopping ARVs which, turn, associated with a decrease CD4 counts more rapid...

Abstract Male clients of sex workers in South Africa are at high risk for HIV, yet limited research has examined the psychological factors influencing their condom use intentions. This study addressed this gap by assessing mediating roles positive attitudes towards use, self-efficacy, and perceived norms relationship between past intentions to condoms. A cross-sectional survey was used obtain data from male construction who reported sexual intercourse with a worker three months. Using...

Patterns of marriage and family formation in South Africa have changed dramatically recent years. Many studies indicated that patterns changes structure can be attributed to economic social changes. However, the role cultural norms attitudes towards cohabitation across different locations is under-researched. Using survey data from 2005 African Social Attitudes Survey, we investigate extent which structural variables predict likelihood such transitions. In common with other research...

Objective: The risk of pedestrian injury is compounded for children living in low-income communities due to factors such as poor road and infrastructure, reliance on walking a means transport, compromised supervision. Parents play an important role child safety. primary objective this study was examine the effects variables parental discomfort with regard letting their walk from school frequency adult supervision.Methods: A cross-sectional conducted using convenience sample 3 schools...

A performance measurement system is planned for South African substance abuse treatment services. Provider-level barriers to implementing these systems have been identified in the United States, but little known about nature of Africa. This study explored willingness providers' adopt a and perceived monitoring service quality that would need be addressed during development. Three focus group discussions were held with providers from two nine provinces These represented diverse spread...

A hybrid performance measurement system that combines patient-reported outcome data with administrative has been developed for South African substance abuse treatment services. This paper describes the development and psychometric validation of one component this system, Addiction Treatment Services Assessment (SAATSA). First, a national steering committee identified five domains corresponding indicators on which quality should be assessed. decision was made to develop patient survey assess...

Construction workers in South Africa are regarded as a high-risk group the context of HIV/AIDS. HIV testing is pivotal to controlling transmission and providing palliative care AIDS-related knowledge stigma key issues addressing likelihood behaviour. In exploring these issues, various studies have employed an 11-item scale (Kalichman Simbayi, AIDS Care 16:572-580, 2004) 9-item et al., Behav 9:135-143, 2005), but little evidence exists confirming psychometric properties scales. Using survey...

Purpose – Prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection in the South African construction industry exceeds that most other economic sectors. Voluntary counselling and testing is pivotal combatting spread disease. Little known about attitudinal fear among workers, determinants thereof. The purpose this paper to address these shortcomings. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual integrated model proposed. Demographic characteristics behavioural cognitive factors are posited explain testing. Regression...

The South African construction industry is one of the economic sectors most adversely affected by HIV/AIDS pandemic. Prevalence rates exceed those other sectors. Little known about antibody testing behaviour workers, and determinants thereof. A field-administered questionnaire survey, using an item catalogue based on similar surveys, gathered data from 512 site-based employees in Western Cape, Africa. An integrated hypothesized conceptual model behaviour, derived literature, was proposed as...

With an infection rate estimated at 14%, the South African construction industry is one of economic sectors most adversely affected by HIV/AIDS pandemic. Construction workers are considered a high-risk group. The provision and uptake voluntary counselling testing (VCT) critical to reducing transmission rates. This study examined behaviour site-based in terms demographic lifestyle risk characteristics help inform better strategies for work-based interventions firms. A total 512 drawn from six...

Background. In South Africa, concerns exist about the quality of substance abuse treatment. We developed a performance measurement system, known as Service Quality Measures (SQM) initiative, to monitor treatment and assess efforts improve care. 2014, SQM system was implemented at six sites evaluate how implementation protocols could be improved in preparation for wider roll-out. Objective. To describe providers’ perceptions feasibility acceptability implementing including barriers...

Abstract Introduction and Aims Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) experience (PREM) for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment exist adults but have unknown relevance adolescents. This study aimed to explore adolescents' perceptions of effective SUD possible barriers completing PROMs PREMs guide efforts adapt the South African Addiction Treatment Services Assessment (SAATSA) Design Methods Five focus groups were conducted with 38 adolescent service users recruited from residential...

Objective: Minimal knowledge exists on the factors that affect implementation of performance measurement systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To address this, we describe a system for South Africa’s substance abuse treatment services known as Service Quality Measures (SQM) initiative. Method: We conducted mixed-methods evaluation implementation. surveyed 81 providers about extent within their agencies facilitated 26 in-depth interviews providers’ perceived...

Customary beliefs about the cause/s of AIDS are significantly related to whether or not individuals will undergo HIV testing. This study examined cultural construction workers in terms their demographic and lifestyle behavioural characteristics, AIDS-related knowledge stigma attitudes, help inform improved work-based AIDS-education interventions by firms. A total 512 drawn from 6 firms operating on 18 sites Western Cape province participated study. Thirty-seven per cent participants either...

The consequences of hate incidents are far greater than transgressions without an underlying bias motive. powerful emotional and psychological effect observed in victims rests the perpetrator attacking identity or unchangeable characteristic a victim. Within South Africa, these effects compounded by country’s legacy discrimination oppression; thus, potential victimisation within this context extend beyond emotional. This justifies differential retributive restorative measures following such...

Background Contextual effects from the physical and social environment contribute to inequitable protection for a large proportion of road users, especially in low- middle-income countries like South Africa where distorted urban planning socio-spatial disparities apartheid era prevail. Objectives This paper examines differentiated risk traffic crashes injuries vulnerable users Africa, including pedestrians, females some modes public transport, relation characteristics that proxy range...