Abstract Background In Thailand, rabies remains a neglected disease with authorities continuing to rely on human death statistics while ignoring the financial burden resulting from an enormous increase in post-exposure prophylaxis. Past attempts conduct mass dog vaccination and sterilization program have been limited Bangkok city not successful. We used molecular epidemiology define geographic localization of virus phylogroups their pattern spread Thailand. Methods analyzed 239 nucleoprotein...

To investigate the phylogenetic relationship among Pythium insidiosum isolates in Thailand, we investigated genomic DNA of 31 P. strains isolated from humans and environmental sources two North Central America. We used PCR to amplify partial COX II coding sequences ITS regions these isolates. The nucleotide both amplicons were analyzed by Bioedit program. Phylogenetic analysis using genetic distance method with Neighbor Joining (NJ) approach was performed MEGA4 software. Additional three...

Aeschynanthus (Gesneriaceae) is a large genus of tropical epiphytes that widely distributed from the Himalayas and China throughout South–East Asia to New Guinea Solomon Islands. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) consensus sequences internal transcribed spacers (ITS) nuclear ribosomal DNA showed sequence polymorphism was difficult interpret. Cloning individual PCR product generated phylogenetic tree 23 species (two clones per species). The intraindividual clone pairs varied 0 5.01%. We suggest...

The anecdotal evidence is outstanding on the uses of Aristolochia plants as traditional medicines and dietary supplements in many regions world. However, herbal materials derived from species have been identified potent human carcinogens since first case severe renal disease after ingesting these preparations. Any products containing thus banned continents, including Europe, America Asia. Therefore, development a method to identify herbs critically needed for customer safety. present study...

Two distinct clinical patterns, encephalitic (furious) and paralytic (dumb), have been recognized in human rabies. It has postulated that different rabies virus variants associated with particular vectors may be responsible for these manifestations. Analysis of the glycoprotein (G), nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P) genes viruses from 2 cases demonstrated only minor nucleotide differences. Deduced amino-acid patterns N protein were identical both canine samples came same geographic...

Camptothecin (CPT) is an essential precursor of semisynthetic chemotherapeutic agents for cancers throughout the world. In spite rapid growth market demand, CPT raw material still harvested by extraction from Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes foetida because its total synthesis not cost-effective. this study, we examined eight species genus Ophiorrhiza (Rubiaceae) Thailand as novel alternative sources CPT. and/or 9-methoxy camptothecin (9-MCPT) were detected at different amounts in leaf...

Chromosomal fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR fragment intensity analysis were used to determine the number sizes of 45S nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) arrays their inheritance two Streptocarpus species, rexii dunnii. A strong correlation between nrDNA signals band was observed. They revealed loci both with variation copy within arrays: S. had relatively homogeneous loci, while one individual dunnii heterozygous at main locus, possessing a large small array, homozygous second...

Dog vaccination and population management have been suggested as priorities in attempts at disease control canine rabies-endemic countries. Budget limitations the complexity of social, cultural religious variables complicated progress developing world. In Bangkok, Thailand, an intensive sterilization programme has place since November 2002. Our objective was to determine if rabies virus could be mapped according its genetic variations geographical location on small localized scale Bangkok...

SUMMARY We report a molecular epidemiological study of rabies virus (RABV) strains circulating in animal populations Bhutan, and investigate potential origins these viruses. Twenty-three RABV isolates originating from dogs other domestic animals were characterized by sequencing the partial nucleoprotein (N) gene (395 bp). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted Bhutanese compared with viruses parts world. showed that highly similar closely related to Indian South Asian Arctic-like-1 Our suggests...

Aphrodisiac herbal products originated from various plants including Mucuna species. In Thai folklore, macrocarpa Wall. and M. pruriens (L.) DC. have long been consumed utilized for their aphrodisiac properties. Consumption of these can lead to serious adverse effects caused by l-dopa. The legally banned use as foods, dietary supplements, or nutraceuticals the FDA several countries. To protect consumers, methods identification illicit are needed. This study aimed identify selected twelve...

In Thailand, there are three species of Bacopa, namely, B. monnieri, caroliniana, and floribunda. Among these monnieri is the only medicinal species, used for treatment cognitive impairment improvement abilities because its bioactive constituents, bacoside A However, similar characteristics it difficult to differentiate among related resulting in confusion during identification. For this reason, ensure therapeutic quality consumers, authentication important. study, abovementioned Bacopa were...

Tobacco (Nicotina tabacum) has been introduced to Thailand for hundreds of years. All tobaccos cultivated inthe country are legally separated local (or early-imported) and imported cultivar groups. However, no methodcould precisely differentiate the two groups, especially from cured leaf samples. Amplified fragment lengthpolymorphism (AFLP) analysis was estimate genetic polymorphism 19 tobacco cultivars grownin Thailand. Thirty-two selective primer-combinations were screened on genomic DNA...

Until recently the genus Didymocarpus Wall. (Gesneriaceae) was used in an unwarrantably wide sense and included more than 180 species. It has now been remodelled restricted to around 70 Of these, 18 species one variety are known occur Thailand. To clarify relationships among Thai of we sequenced internal transcribed spacers (ITS) nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) from a sample 23 taxa, including 15 Thailand, four China, three Malaysia Bhutan. Seventeen morphological characters were coded for all...

Thenus unimaculatus or a purplelegged shovel-nosed lobster is one of the three species found in Thailand. Shovelnosed lobsters have been increasingly consumed and this could give great threat to T. Unimaculatus. This has narrow range distribution, only Andaman Sea. Genetic diversity study purple-legged therefore needed for evaluating its current genetic status. In study, 71 specimens were collected from five provinces along Sea coastline. 12S ribosomal RNA (12S rRNA) cytochrome C oxidase...