A5059997740- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Radiative Heat Transfer Studies
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry
- Environmental Policies and Emissions
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Helminth infection and control
- Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute
2013-2024
Chalmers University of Technology
2002-2020
University of Gothenburg
1990-2019
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute
2002-2011
Ames Research Center
1976-2010
University of Edinburgh
2009
Stockholm University
2007
Uppsala University
1996-2002
University of Gävle
2000
Baxter (United States)
1991
The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called "soot," "black carbon," or "carbon black" have been subject some debate. These are necessary to model how aerosols affect climate, and our review is targeted specifically for that application. We recommend term light-absorbing carbon avoid conflict with operationally based definitions. Absorptive depend on molecular form, particularly size sp 2-bonded clusters. Freshly-generated particles should be represented...
Abstract. The Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West (MSC-W) of the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) has been performing model calculations in support Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) for more than 30 years. EMEP MSC-W chemical transport is still one key tools within air pollution policy assessments. Traditionally, covered all Europe with a resolution about 50 km × km, extending vertically from ground level to tropopause (100 hPa). changed...
Absorption by light‐absorbing carbon (LAC) particles increases when the is mixed with other material, and this change affects climate forcing. We investigate increase theoretically over a realistic range of particle sizes. Perfect mixing at molecular level often overestimates absorption. Assuming that LAC coated concentric shell weakly absorbing we calculate absorption sizes identify regimes in which behaves similarly. provide fits to amplification five regions: (1) small cores (2)...
Abstract. Recent results from diverse air, ground, and laboratory studies using both radiometric in situ techniques show that the fractions of black carbon, organic matter, mineral dust atmospheric aerosols determine wavelength dependence absorption (often expressed as Absorption Angstrom Exponent, or AAE). Taken together, these hold promise improving information on aerosol composition remote measurements. The main purpose this paper is to AAE values for an Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET)...
Abstract. We have determined the solar spectral absorption optical depth of atmospheric aerosols for specific case studies during several field programs (three cases been reported previously; two are new results). combined airborne measurements net radiant flux density and aerosol with a detailed radiative transfer model all but one cases. The (SAFARI 2000, ACE Asia, PRIDE, TARFOX, INTEX-A) contained representing major absorbing types: pollution, biomass burning, desert dust mixtures. In...
Abstract. In this paper we describe and summarize the main achievements of European Aerosol Cloud Climate Air Quality Interactions project (EUCAARI). EUCAARI started on 1 January 2007 ended 31 December 2010 leaving a rich legacy including: (a) comprehensive database with year observations physical, chemical optical properties aerosol particles over Europe, (b) measurements in four developing countries, (c) airborne aerosols clouds Europe during May 2008, (d) modeling tools to study processes...
Measurements are presented of the wavelength dependence aerosol absorption coefficient taken during Tropical Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (TARFOX) over northern Atlantic. The data show an approximate λ−1 variation between 0.40 and 1.0 μm. theoretical basis solar radiation by elemental carbon [or black (BC)] is explored. For a independent refractive index small particle limit simplifies to in relatively good agreement with data. This result implies that indices BC were...
Abstract. This paper describes the pre-operational analysis and forecasting system developed during MACC (Monitoring Atmospheric Composition Climate) continued in MACC-II Climate: Interim Implementation) European projects to provide air quality services for continent. is based on seven state-of-the art models run Europe (CHIMERE, EMEP, EURAD-IM, LOTOS-EUROS, MATCH, MOCAGE SILAM). These are used calculate multi-model ensemble products. The gives an overall picture of its status at end (summer...
Abstract. Currently residential wood combustion (RWC) is increasing in Europe because of rising fossil fuel prices but also due to climate change mitigation policies. However, especially small-scale applications, RWC may cause high emissions particulate matter (PM). Recently we have developed a new high-resolution (7 × 7 km) anthropogenic carbonaceous aerosol emission inventory for Europe. The indicated that about half the total PM2.5 and identified as largest organic source was partly based...
Abstract. A new organic aerosol module has been implemented into the EMEP chemical transport model. Four different volatility basis set (VBS) schemes have tested in long-term simulations for Europe, covering six years 2002–2007. Different assumptions regarding partitioning of primary and aging semi-volatile intermediate carbon (S/IVOC) species secondary (SOA) explored. Model results are compared to filter measurements, mass spectrometry (AMS) data source apportionment studies, as well other...
Results from quantum chemical INDO/S-CI calculations of the absorption properties anatase TiO2 nanoparticles sensitized by catechol and benzoic acid are reported. Experimental observations that causes a strong shift in threshold, while does not, explained which indicate only introduces electronic levels band gap. The 420 nm excitation + system responsible for is seen to be charge-transfer π HOMO orbital Ti(3d) at bottom conduction band. A direct photoinjection scheme not involve excited...
We assemble data on the Pinatubo aerosol from space, air, and ground measurements, develop a composite picture, assess consistency uncertainties of measurement retrieval techniques. Satellite infrared spectroscopy, particle morphology, evaporation temperature measurements agree with theoretical calculations in showing dominant composition H 2 SO 4 ‐H O mixture, weight fraction 65–80% for most stratospheric temperatures humidities. Important exceptions are (1) volcanic ash, present at all...
We explore the importance of composition airborne mineral aerosols for assessments their direct radiative forcing at infrared wavelengths. Our calculations employing Mie theory and data on spectral refractive indices show that existing variations in can cause large changes major aerosol optical characteristics. Calculations IR forcings top atmosphere downward upward fluxes, based an one‐dimensional radiation transfer code, give a wide range results varying models aerosols. estimate “low dust...
Motivated by recent developments concerning coloration and energy storage in lithium intercalated nanostructural ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}$, quantum chemical Hartree-Fock calculations have been carried out to study atom intercalation rutile anatase. Equilibrium geometries effective atomic charges were obtained for the (110) anatase (101) clean surfaces. Li-induced local one-electron levels found gap between upper valence band conduction could be attributed ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{3+}$ states. The...
Abstract. We present a comparison of tropospheric NO2 from OMI measurements to the median an ensemble Regional Air Quality (RAQ) models, and intercomparison contributing RAQ models two global for period July 2008–June 2009 over Europe. The model forecasts were produced routinely on daily basis in context European GEMS ("Global regional Earth-system (atmosphere) Monitoring using Satellite in-situ data") project. vertical column shows spatial distribution which agrees well with observations,...
Measurements of changes in the atmospheric O2/N2 ratio have typically relied on compressed air derived from highpressure tanks as reference material against which are assessed. The validity this procedure is examined here context history 18 compared over a 12-yr time-frame. By considering differences tank sizes, types, and by performing additional tests, long-term stability delivered gas evaluated with respect to surface reactions, leakage, regulator effects, thermal diffusion gravimetric...
Abstract. With the present demand on fast and inexpensive aerosol source apportionment methods, Aethalometer model was evaluated for a full seasonal cycle (June 2014–June 2015) at rural atmospheric measurement station in southern Sweden by using radiocarbon levoglucosan measurements. By utilizing differences absorption of UV IR, apportions carbon mass into wood burning (WB) fossil fuel combustion (FF) aerosol. In this study, small modification conjunction with measurements from...
Abstract. The wet deposition of nitrogen and sulfur in Europe for the period 1990–2010 was estimated by six atmospheric chemistry transport models (CHIMERE, CMAQ, EMEP MSC-W, LOTOS-EUROS, MATCH MINNI) within framework EURODELTA-Trends model intercomparison. simulated its trends two 11-year periods (1990–2000 2000–2010) were evaluated using data from observations European monitoring network. For annual oxidised (WNOx), bias 30 % average most models. There a tendency to underestimate reduced...
The Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (TARFOX) measured a variety of aerosol radiative effects (including flux changes) while simultaneously measuring the chemical, physical, and optical properties responsible particles. Here we use TARFOX‐determined surface to compute shortwave changes for situations, with midvisible depths ranging from 0.06 0.55. We calculate by several techniques varying degrees sophistication, in part investigate sensitivity results...
During the dry season component of Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI) in late winter 2000, net solar spectral irradiance was measured at flight levels throughout biomass burning haze layers. From these measurements, flux divergence, fractional absorption, instantaneous heating rate, and absorption efficiency were derived. Two cases are examined: on 24 August 2000 off coast Mozambique vicinity Inhaca Island 6 September a very thick continental layer over Mongu, Zambia. The...
A three-dimensional Chemistry Transport Model was used to study the meteorologically induced interannual variability and trends in deposition of sulphur nitrogen as well concentrations surface ozone (O3), dioxide (NO2) particulate matter (PM) its constituents over Europe during 1958–2001. The model coupled meteorological reanalysis ERA40, produced at European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts. Emissions boundary conditions chemical compounds PM were kept constant present levels.The...