A5085888657- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Research Data Management Practices
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- International Maritime Law Issues
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis
2017-2024
University of California, Santa Barbara
2017-2024
State Street (United States)
2020
Abstract Humans interact with the oceans in diverse and profound ways. The scope, magnitude, footprint ultimate cumulative impacts of human activities can threaten ocean ecosystems have changed over time, resulting new challenges threats to marine ecosystems. A fundamental gap understanding how humanity is affecting our limited knowledge about pace change impact on from expanding – patterns, locations drivers most significant change. To help address this, we combined high resolution, annual...
An ever-growing human footprint Human activities are increasingly affecting the marine environment but understanding how much and in what ways is an extreme challenge given vastness of this system. O'Hara et al. looked at a suite human-induced stressors on >1000 species over course 13 years. They found that experiencing increasing levels stress more than half their ranges, with some having even higher proportion ranges affected. Fishing has largest impact, other stressors, such as climate...
Abstract Marine species and ecosystems are widely affected by anthropogenic stressors, ranging from pollution fishing to climate change. Comprehensive assessments of how impacted stressors critical for guiding conservation management investments. Previous global risk or vulnerability have focused on marine habitats, limited taxa specific regions. However, information about the susceptibility across a range different everywhere is required predict biodiversity will respond human pressures. We...
Abstract To conserve marine biodiversity, we must first understand the spatial distribution and status of at‐risk biodiversity. We combined range maps conservation for 5,291 species to map global extinction risk find that 83% ocean, >25% assessed are considered threatened, 15% ocean shows >50% threatened when weighting range‐limited species. By comparing mean biodiversity no‐take reserve placement, identify regions where reserves preferentially afford proactive protection (i.e.,...
The health of coastal human communities and marine ecosystems are at risk from a host anthropogenic stressors, in particular, climate change. Because ecological well-being inextricably connected, effective positive responses to current risks require multidisciplinary solutions. Yet, the complexity coupled social-ecological systems has left many potential solutions unidentified or insufficiently explored. urgent need achieve social outcomes across local global scales necessitates rapid...
Growing international and national focus on quantitatively measuring improving ocean health has increased the need for comprehensive, scientific, repeated indicators to track progress towards achieving policy societal goals. The Ocean Health Index (OHI) is one of few available this purpose. Here we present results from five years annual global assessment 220 countries territories, evaluating potential drivers consequences changes presenting lessons learned about challenges using composite...
Abstract Synthesis research in ecology and environmental science improves understanding, advances theory, identifies priorities, supports management strategies by linking data, ideas, tools. Accelerating challenges increases the need to focus synthesis on most pressing questions. To leverage input from broader community, we convened a virtual workshop with participants many countries disciplines examine how where can address key questions themes coming decade. Seven priority topics emerged:...
Open science principles that seek to improve can effectively bridge the gap between researchers and environmental managers. However, widespread adoption has yet gain traction for development application of bioassessment products. At core this philosophy is concept research should be reproducible transparent, in addition having long-term value through effective data preservation sharing. In article, we review open concepts have recently been adopted ecological sciences emphasize how benefit...
Feed constitutes a considerable portion of the environmental impact embedded in farmed fish production, making it pivotal factor enhancing aquaculture sustainability. While research has evaluated pressures feed no other spatially explicit global biodiversity assessment animal feeds exists, and we provide new approach. Here, assess impacts on 54,628 marine terrestrial species for two contrasting Atlantic salmon feeds. We find widespread both (~89%) (~71%) species, yet relatively small average...
Species distribution data provide the foundation for a wide range of ecological research studies and conservation management decisions. Two major efforts to marine species distributions at global scale are International Union Conservation Nature (IUCN), which provides expert-generated maps that outline complete extent species' distribution; AquaMaps, model-generated predict areas occupied by species. Together these databases represent 24,586 (93.1% within 16.4% IUCN), with only 2,330 shared...
Oceans play critical roles in the lives, economies, cultures, and nutrition of people globally, yet face increasing pressures from human activities that put those benefits at risk. To anticipate future world's ocean, we review many impose on marine species ecosystems, evaluating their impacts life, degree scientific uncertainty assessments, expected trajectory over next few decades. We highlight fundamental research should prioritize areas high potential impact greater about ecosystem...
Marine social-ecological conditions in the Arctic are rapidly changing. With many transboundary issues, such as shifting ranges of fisheries, biodiversity loss, sea ice retreat, economic development and pollution, greater pan-Arctic assessment co-management necessary. We adapted Ocean Health Index (OHI) to compile data evaluate ocean health for nine regions above Circle assess extent which is possible identify broad trends. While quality availability varied, we assessed scored OHI goals,...
Abstract Marine species are declining at an unprecedented rate, catalyzing many nations to adopt conservation and management targets within their jurisdictions. However, marine the biophysical processes that sustain them naive international borders. An understanding of prevalence cross‐border distributions is important for informing high‐level strategies, such as bilateral or regional agreements. Here, we examined 28,252 distribution maps determine number locations transboundary plants...
Abstract Aquaculture (freshwater and marine) has largely supplemented fisheries, but in theory could help reduce fishing pressure on wild stocks. Although not the sole factors, some potential benefits depend aquaculture pressures fished species, including collection of ‘seed’ material—earlier to later life stages—for rearing captivity capacity increase. Here we first classify 203 marine (saltwater brackish) animal species as being produced by either open‐cycle capture‐based ( CBA ) or...
Anthropogenic stressors to marine ecosystems from climate change and human activities increase extinction risk of species, disrupt ecosystem integrity, threaten important services. Addressing these requires understanding where what extent they are impacting biological functional diversity. We model cumulative impact upon 21,159 animal species by combining information on species-level vulnerability spatial exposure a range anthropogenic stressors. apply this assessment impacts examine...
Effective management of marine systems requires quantitative tools that can assess the state social-ecological system and are responsive to actions pressures. We applied Ocean Health Index (OHI) framework retrospectively ocean health in British Columbia annually from 2001 2016 for eight goals represent values Columbia's coastal communities. found overall improved over study period, 75 (out 100) 83 2016, with scores inhabited regions ranging 68 (North Coast, 2002) 87 (West Vancouver Island,...
Anthropogenic pressures threaten biodiversity, necessitating conservation actions founded on robust ecological models. However, prevailing models inadequately capture the spatiotemporal variation in environmental faced by species with high mobility or complex life histories, as data are often aggregated across species' histories spatial distributions. We highlight limitations of static for dynamic and incorporate history distributions stressors into a trait-based vulnerability impact model....
Healthy marine ecosystems provide critical benefits to people worldwide, but increasing threats from climate change and human activities disrupt ecosystem functionality put these at risk. Local regional assessments have shown impacts can be substantial, we lack a global assessment of risk biodiversity. Here assessed impact by intersecting spatial distributions 21,267 animal species with 13 anthropogenic stressors according each species’ vulnerability, examining results through multiple...
Marine species are declining at an unprecedented rate, catalyzing many nations to adopt conservation and management targets within their jurisdictions. However, marine naive international borders understanding of cross-border distributions is important for informing high-level strategies, such as bilateral or regional agreements. Here, we examined 28,252 distribution maps determine the number locations transboundary species. Over 90% have ranges spanning least two jurisdictions, with 58%...