Small grain crops showed significant yield variation under different nitrogen fertilization treatments. Understanding factors influencing is crucial for optimizing productivity. This study assessed how affects number, weight, and other components in triticale, wheat, six-rowed, two-rowed barley across multiple locations seasons. Key traits, including number per spike, spike unit area, dry were analyzed. Triticale cultivars achieved the highest average (GY) of 8709 kg ha-1, significantly...

During growth, kernel of cereals can be provided with carbohydrate and nitrogen (N) from the translocation pre-anthesis accumulated reserves stored either in vegetative plant parts or current assimilation during development. This study was conducted to assess effects level cultivars on dry matter N accumulation mobilization post-anthesis. Twenty two-rowed spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were grown a non-calcareous chernozem soil four growing seasons (1995-1998) atNovi Sad (45°20'N,...

The interpretation of new varieties performance is disturbed under the influence genotype-by-environment interaction. Among several methods used for understanding this effect, one most frequently Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis. In study we AMMI method with aim to estimate genotype - environment interaction 14 barley genotypes, identify genotypes that have high stable in different environments. trials were conducted during 11 growing seasons (1995/96...

Quality of barley consists precisely defined grain quality attributes (grain weight, grading, protein concentration, etc.) and malt (extract, viscosity, Kolbach index, etc.). Barley are quantitatively inherited greatly affected by environmental factors such as temperature, available water, nitrogen fertilizer soil type. The main objective this study was to determine the effects genotype growing conditions (year) on in grown under field Pannonian zone. eight spring two-row varieties were...

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the presence and magnitude cultivar‐by‐environment (C × E) interactions is important to plant breeders in making decisions regarding development evaluation new cultivars. In this study, 16 winter wheat cultivars were grown 11 environments a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The ( Tritcum aestivum L.) displayed broad range quality, different represented environmental conditions. Test weight (TW), grain protein content (GP), sedimentation value...

Knowledge about the effect of genotypic variation and sowing date on dry matter accumulation, remobilization partitioning in winter barley is important for crop management. Therefore, field studies, six genotypes various origin maturity groups were studied across four dates. In general, grain yield content decreased with delayed sowing, after mid-October, average late October November was lower 14.2% 16.9%, respectively, compared to optimal date. Among tested genotypes, high obtained from...

In the 20 th century, grain yield of winter barley has increased due to advances in both breeding and crop management practices.Knowledge about association agronomic traits with genetic gains potential is necessary improve future programs.Therefore, we studied variation yield, spike length, heading date, thousand weight, hectolitre mass plant height two-rowed cultivars that were released between 1977 2010, a 2-year field trial.Our results showed most analyzed significantly affected by...

Climate significantly affects cropping systems across Europe. Knowledge of the variability in grain number per unit area and weight different growing seasons its association with yield is important for further improving small crop production. The main aim this study was to compare numerical components among triticale, wheat, two-rowed six-rowed barley cultivars a typical Pannonian location (south-eastern part Central Europe). Trials twelve winter cereal genotypes (three barley, three wheat...

Environmental conditions in the Pannonian zone can be characterized with moderate high temperature and partially water deficit during grain filling of spring barley, although low are possible also period till anthesis. This study was conducted to evaluate variation duration from emergence anthesis (VP), (GFP), plant height (PH), spikes number m-2 (SN), grains spike-1 (GN), thousand weight (GW) yield (YIL) two-rowed barley zone. All three factors; genotype, environment interaction GxY...

Modeling plant growth by mathematical functions is important for understanding development and growth. Most of the models dry matter accumulation in small cereals simulated period grain filling while attention has been devoted to simulation vegetative till anthesis. The aim this research was determine most appropriate polynomial non-linear regression anthesis winter wheat. Pobeda, a medium early variety, used as model genotype research. A 5-year field data were analyzed forward procedure...

History of wheat cultivation is as long history civilization. Adaptation nature, animal domestication and plant cultivation, enabled transition from nomadism to sedentism 12,000 years ago, portraying the rise Homo sapiens today. First civilization, Mesopotamia aroused around 4000 B.C.E, in riverbanks Tiger Euphrates, where carbon-14 dating revealed that tetraploid wild emmer (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides) was grown. Due modest requirements high nutritional value, quickly spread its...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of liming (CaCO3 1000 kg ha−1) and application organic fertilizers (rotted farmyard manure 40 t six different combination mineral fertilizers: NPK 15:15:15 800 ha−1 + KAN (calcium ammonium nitrate) 240 ha−1; 400 MCB (water-soluble fertilizer 13:11:20 2MgO microelements humic acid) 300 125 KMg Multi 13:0:43 2MgO) 100 600 on yield other productivity parameters potato (Kennebec variety). The aim research optimize system plant nutrition for maximum...

Two-year trials have been conducted in Technological Research Center Zajecar. objects were six malting barley genotypes. The experimental crop was top dressed with the following amounts of nitrogen: 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg ha-1. control variant not dressed. obtained results showed that genotypes reacted significantly to increased nitrogen by changing their production characteristics seed quality. In addition, demonstrated certain varietal differences. A new genotype, Premijum, highest yielding...

Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses that limits soil fertility and has adverse effects on plant growth. In order to increase wheat production under saline conditions, it necessary better understand genotypic difference, physiological biochemical processes salt tolerance in wheat. The aim this study was determine tolerant winter varieties against salinity osmotic stress at germination stage early seedlings were simulated controlled conditions by adding different...

<p>Harvest residues are parts of cultivated plants that remain on the plot after harvest or grazing. Decomposition plant by microorganisms involves two simultaneous processes: mineralization and humification carbon compounds. processes depend type residues, edaphic factors residue management factors. Edaphic dominate in areas exposed to adverse weather conditions, while largely plays role a regulator favorable environmental conditions. takes place stages; phase I is relatively...

Durum wheat landraces represent a genetic resource for the identification and isolation of new valuable genes alleles, useful to increase crop adaptability climate change. Several durum landraces, all denominated "Rogosija", were extensively cultivated in Western Balkan Peninsula until first half 20th century. Within conservation program Montenegro Plant Gene Bank, these collected, but without being characterized. The main goal this study was estimate diversity "Rogosija collection"...

Abstract The genetic basis of grain‐filling duration (GFD, days from anthesis to maturity) in six spring wheat hybrids involving nine varieties (‘Son‐alika’/‘Bobwhite’, ‘Sonalika’/‘Glennson 70’, ‘Lelija’/‘Bobwhite’, ‘Lelija’/‘Mitacore’, ‘Buckbuck’/‘Dugoklasa’, and ‘Vesna’/‘Raduśa’) their F 1 , 2 BC generations was studied the field near Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. Parental means differed four crosses. Generation mean analyses effects indicated that an additive‐dominance model sufficient for only...

Dry matter accumulation is one of the best estimates for crop reaction to effect genotype or environmental factors. However, there a lack information about comparative growth between wheat and barley under conditions Pannonian climate. The objectives this work were study compare patterns biomass in barley, identify role logistic curve parameters determination final biomass. Therefore, field trials with two two-row winter cultivars carried out successive growing seasons four sowing dates....

Plants evolve through strictly defined stages of development, which can be identified by changes in plant phenotype or the morphology apical meristem. Differentiation meristem passes phases that proceed a precise chronological order. This paper analyzes significance length period spikelet primordia formation i.e. double ridge (DR) phase, and its genotypic phenotypic correlation with other growth yield components. In course five growing seasons (2002-03 to 2006-07) we studied development...

Presence of GE interaction reduces the correlation between genotypic and phenotypic parameters complicates progress selection. Among several methods proposed for evaluation interaction, AMMI model is one most commonly used. The objective this study was to estimate in new barley lines using model, identify winter genotypes with stable high yield. Multi-location trials 25 advanced were conducted at four locations. used interaction. analysis variance indicated that genotype, environment had...