A5001565430- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Plant and animal studies
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Birth, Development, and Health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
University of Wollongong
2012-2024
Deakin University
2011-2023
RMIT University
2009
University of Tasmania
1992-2003
University of Washington
1991-2002
University of Michigan
1978-1993
Seattle University
1991
UNSW Sydney
1989-1990
University of California, Davis
1983-1984
University of California, Riverside
1983
Corticosterone (B) may play a direct role in the promotion of feeding behavior under conditions nutritional stress. However, effects exogenous B and stress passerines indicate complex relationship fed state, perceived or anticipated stress, previous history. In series investigations on caged White-crowned Zonotrichia leucophrys Song Sparrows Z. melodia, foraging behaviors rates were unaffected by birds. When food was returned, birds implanted with refed for longer greater intensity following...
We evaluated the relationship between organ mass and limits to aerobic metabolism in house sparrows Passer domesticus. The results were used test three models of performance limitation (the central limitation, peripheral symmorphosis concepts). Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was determined during rest phase. maximum oxygen consumption exercise ( v_dot (O2max)) measured an enclosed wheel that allowed limited hovering flight. Neither BMR nor (O2max) affected by gender, but adults had significantly...
Abstract We used the doubly-labeled water (DLW) technique to measure daily energy expenditure (ḢTD) of aviary-housed Loggerhead Shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus). Simultaneously our DLW measurements, we obtained a continuous 24-h record bird's time budget (TB) and assessed its thermal environment at 10-min intervals with an array 23 meteorological sensors that measured air temperature (Ta), operative (Te), wind speed (u) experienced by bird. From TB data, estimated birds' ḢTV several models...
Summary 1. The oxidative stress theory of ageing predicts that animals living longer will have less cumulative damage together with structural characteristics make them more resistant to itself. 2. Although a general relationship between body size, metabolism and longevity does not exist in marine invertebrates, they are generally characterized by low rates reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation associated lower antioxidant enzyme activities compared vertebrates. 3. Birds mammals very...
The effects of dietary saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated (PUFA) the n -3 -6 series on weight gain, body composition substrate oxidation were investigated in broiler chickens. At 3 weeks age three groups chickens ( 30; ten birds per group) fed fat-enriched experimental diets for 5 weeks. These isonitrogenous, isoenergetic contained 208 g protein/kg 80 edible tallow, fish oil or sunflower oil/kg; acid profiles thus dominated by acids, PUFA respectively. Resting RQ was measured five...
Studies of the spectral reflectance eggs 25 species birds from nine families disclosed uniformly high (often above 90 percent) in near infrared. This property is associated with presence eggshell pigments protoporphyrin and bilins. These allow coloration for cryptic or other purposes minimum solar heating, a combination not possible melanin typical vertebrates.
Evolutionary theory suggests that alternative colour morphs (i.e. genetically controlled phenotypes) may derive similar fitness under frequency-dependent selection. Here we experimentally demonstrate opposing effects of social environments on plasma hormone levels (testosterone and corticosterone) immune function between red- black-headed male the Gouldian finch ( Erythrura gouldiae ). Red-headed males are highly sensitive to changes in environment, especially towards relative density their...
The house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) is resident in tropical and subtropical regions as well localities having relatively severe winters. extent of its winter acclimatization was assessed freshly captured individuals this species from southern California Colorado. In cold stress tests involving exposure to Ta < −60 C, the former did not remain homeothermic any longer than late spring, whereas Colorado birds (8.8 vs. 97.5 min; P .001). capacity for evident these correlated with modest...
Adaptive developmental plasticity allows individuals experiencing poor environmental conditions in early life to adjust their life-history strategy order prioritize short-term fitness benefits and maximize reproductive output challenging environments. Much research has been conducted test whether such adoption of a "faster" is accompanied by concordant changes behavior physiology, with mixed results. As this field focused on comparison mean-level responses treatment groups, few studies...
From savory to sweet Seeing a bird eat nectar from flower is common sight in our world. The ability detect sugars, however, not ancestral the lineage, where most species were carnivorous. Toda et al. looked at receptors within largest group of birds, passerines or songbirds, and found that emergence detection involved single shift receptor for umami (see Perspective by Barker). This ancient change facilitated sugar just feeding but also across songbird group, way was different from, though...
SUMMARY The acyl composition of phospholipids from pectoral muscle eight species birds, ranging in size the 13 g zebra finch to 34 kg emu, were measured and combined with recent published results for a 3 hummingbird. This represents an approximately 11000-fold range body mass. Muscle phospholipids, thus membrane bilayers, birds had relatively constant unsaturated chain content 62% but exhibited significant allometric decline unsaturation index (number double bonds per 100 chains) increasing...
Gambusia holbrooki, the “Mosquito Fish” introduced to Australian waterways from North America control mosquito larvae, is widely distributed and abundant in both disturbed undisturbed aquatic environments. Because it has become established areas where Litoria aurea was once abundant, there some suspicion that G. holbrooki's non-specific predatory behaviour may be instrumental decline of L. aurea.Laboratory field experiments were conducted assess impact holbrooki predation on tadpole...
The theory and procedures for using electrically heated taxidermic mounts to measure the standard operative temperature, T e s , of natural habitats have been examined American Goldfinch, Carduelis tristis, is a thermal index directly related metabolic requirements specific endothermic animal. may be calculated from energy budget analysis. However, direct measurement as “environmental temperature thermometers” simpler allows measurements in confined spaces, such nocturnal roots, which are...
Daily energy expenditures (Htd) of aviary-housed budgerygahs (Melopsittacus undulatus) were estimated simultaneously using doubly labeled-water (DLW) and timebudget (TB) methods under summer winter conditions. Laboratory validation the DLW technique displayed excellent agreement with concomitant gravimetric measures CO₂ production (algebraic mean difference = -0.04%; range -5.2%-6.2%). The aviary studies combined continuous 24-h recording each bird's daily activities quantification its...
Eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanuum) are behavioral thermoregulations and achieve higher body temperatures than expected for ectotherms of similar size. Construction a communal silken aggregation behavior also conspicuous features their life history. Operative temperature (T e ) models were used to evaluate the roles behaviors in thermoregulation caterpillars. When solar radiation was present, T on surface those away from tent. Temperatures model single caterpillar model. In...
The most studied comparison of aging and maximum lifespan potential (MLSP) among endotherms involves the 7-fold longevity difference between rats (MLSP 5y) pigeons 35y). A widely accepted theory explaining MLSP differences species is oxidative stress theory, which purports that reactive oxygen (ROS) produced during mitochondrial respiration damage bio-molecules eventually lead to breakdown regulatory systems consequent death. Previous rat-pigeon studies compared only aspects concluded lower...
In socially monogamous animals, mate choice is constrained by the availability of unpaired individuals in local population. Here, we experimentally investigate physiological stress endured a female (the choosy sex) when pairing with non-preferred social partner. two experimental contexts, Gouldian finches ( Erythrura gouldiae ) paired poor-quality mates had levels circulating corticosterone that were three to four times higher than those observed females preferred mates. The elevated level...