Rapid exploitation of city underground space has led to the development increasingly more slender-shape infrastructure like pedestrian tunnels, concourses, subway walkways, shopping streets, etc. Pedestrian evacuation in those public places case emergency can be disastrous if not properly guided. Therefore, it is important understand how enhance efficiency through proper active guidance. In this study, we propose a digital twin based guiding system for inside infrastructure, aiming at...

In this article, a fully integrated capacitorless low-dropout regulator (LDO) is presented for Internet-of-Things (IoT) edge sensor application. To achieve sub-1-V operation and fast transient response with low quiescent current, the conventional operational transconductance amplifier (OTA)-based error (EA) replaced oscillator-based voltage-to-time converter time-domain signal processing, including edge-based frequency comparator (FC) event-driven voltage mode charge pump (CP). Compared...

This article presents a direct digitization bio-impedance (BioZ) readout IC with high power-to-noise efficiency over wide input impedance range. design features delta-sigma ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \Sigma$ </tex-math></inline-formula> )-based BioZ topology the first-order noise shaping and feedback current-steering digital-to-analog converter (IDAC) that minimizes residual...

An inductively powered implantable neural stimulator IC is presented in this paper. It features closed-loop power control, active charge balancing, and electrode impedance check functions. The through 13.56MHz inductive link supports 33.3kbps bi-directional telemetry with ASK for forward command transmission LSK backward data transmission, achieving 20V high compliance voltage, maximum 1.24mA stimulation current, the resting potential of 50mV. has an area 2mm×2mm implemented 0.18-μm CMOS...

A wireless power management and data telemetry circuit module for high compliance voltage electrical stimulation applications is presented in this paper. The system consists of rectifier, LDOs, DC-DC step-up charge pump monitoring closed loop management. also a clock recovery (CDR) load shift keying (LSK) modulator bidirectional telemetry. operates at 13.56MHz. block receives AC through an implantable coil outputs three DC levels: 1V, 1.8V 10V. CDR recovers from the 13.56MHz RF carrier same...

This paper describes a inductively powered multichannel bionic neural link (BNL) system-on-chip (SOC) for peripheral nerve function restoration. The BNL-SOC consists of 8 recording and 4 stimulation channels, is implemented in 0.35-μm CMOS technology. Full the BNL has been demonstrated with in-vivo animal experiments. entire SOC consumes 1.5mW operates under 3V supply an external +/-9V output driver.

A time-domain output-capacitorless LDO for low power IoT application is presented in this paper. fully differential voltage-controlled oscillator (DVCO) comparator converts the output error voltage to signal and then processed by a frequency (FC) with propagation-delay-triggered edge detectors control pass transistor. Fabricated standard 65nm CMOS process, achieves 0.003ps Figure of Merit (FOM) lowest reported quiescent current 310nA largest load dynamic range (1,250,000) compared recent prior-arts.

Abstract Distinguishing different kinds of igneous rocks is difficult because their subtle differences. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensitive to rock surface morphology, which can help a lot in classification. Dual-pol SAR data have the advantages low cost, but few articles are using only dual-pol for In this study, we explored performance distinguishing granitoid, tuff, and syenite porphyry. Backscatter coefficients, polarization decomposition parameters, texture features from gray-level...

This paper presents an active rectifier with wideband operation frequency range from 6.78 MHz to 200 for mm-size wireless powered implantable medical device. An energy efficient high speed dynamic logic comparator is proposed operate up MHz. In addition, a sample and hold (S/H) offset compensation loop designed automatically compensate the intrinsic delay of comparator. Implemented in 65nm CMOS process, achieved measured peak voltage conversion ratio 95% power efficiency (PCE) 94% at 84%...

China's vast sea area, coral reefs are important marine resources, but also an part of land resources. Remote sensing monitoring and studying their geological conditions changes great significance to the development environmental protection. In recent years, with promotion high-resolution remote images, images widely used in classification reefs. Aiming at problems fuzzy boundary low accuracy traditional methods for reef classification, a method based on Deeplabv3 + network model is...

A novel approach for the power quality (PQ) disturbances classification based on wavelet transform and self-organizing learning array (SOLAR) system is proposed. Wavelet network utilized to extract feature vectors various PQ can accurately localizes characteristics of a signal both in time frequency domains. These then are applied SOLAR training disturbance pattern classification. By comparing with classic neural network, it concluded that has better data driven local interconnections...

This paper presents a 13.56 MHz wireless power transfer (WPT) system for fully implantable neuromuscular stimulator. Bidirectional data link and closed-loop control functions are incorporated into the WPT stable delivery to implant. The external transmitter (PTX) module includes DC-DC converter Class-E amplifier (PA) tunable high efficiency transmission. forward command is modulated on carrier by amplitude-shift keying (ASK) modulation. receiver (PRX) receives simultaneously from coupling...

Considerable scientific and technological effort has been devoted to develop implantable wireless stimulator systems for biomedical applications. The main purpose of such system is provide electrical excitation human body cells help patient re-gain lost function or rectify fault function, in an elegant way that there no notable cosmetic difference when patients are equipped with these systems. This paper provides a brief summary the historical timeline reviews challenges development system....

In this paper, a nanowatt comparator for always-on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switch wake-up sensor is presented. To achieve continuous event detection with ultralow power (ULP) consumption, the building blocks are designed to work in subthreshold region. Various circuit techniques including self-cascode transconductance, feedforward slew rate enhancement adopted optimize performance under nA consumption. Programmable hysteresis allows flexibility conFigure operate different...

Change detection is a hot topic and of great importance in remote sensing. The logarithm operation can be an effective means eliminating the influence multiplicative noise synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image. However, due to nature logarithmic function, regions change with high gray values are attenuated. In this study, we propose SAR detect image changes based on fusion strategy by combining two different methods. First, reduce speckle non-subsampled shearlet transform log-domain, since...

A wide bandwidth 2-1 order cascaded delta sigma modulator with multi-bit internal quantizer is introduced. In to prevent the distortion caused by mismatch between ADC and DAC, a special structure employed get rid of using DAC in feedback path. The main topology structure. This 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> architecture uses switched capacitor based loop filter 7-level 2...

A fully on-chip voltage doubler used to drive a PMOS AC-DC rectifeir for implantable biomedical devices is intorduced. In this rectifier, only conduct wireless AC power in order prevent possible latch-up occurrence due parasitic diode conduction rectifier power-up or signal amplitude/frequency fluctuation. 40 pF MIM capacitor utilized as the flying and 100pF NMOS gate acts load capacitor. The switch clock provied by signal, 13.56MHz. simulation, doulber achieves 87% efficiency when supplying...