Traditionally, frequency spectrum is licensed to users by government agencies in a fixed manner where licensee has exclusive right access the allocated band. This policy been de jure practice protect systems from mutual interference for many years. However, with increasing demand and scarcity of vacant bands, reform seems inevitable. Meanwhile, recent measurements suggest possibility sharing among different parties subject interference-protection constraints. In this paper we study...

Opportunistic unlicensed access to the (temporarily) unused frequency bands across licensed radio spectrum is currently being investigated as a means increase efficiency of usage. Such opportunistic calls for implementation safeguards so that ongoing operations are not compromised. Among different candidates, sensing-based access, where users transmit if they sense band be free, particularly appealing due its low deployment cost and compatibility with legacy systems. The ability reliably...

Spectrum scarcity is becoming a major issue for service providers interested in either deploying new services or enhancing the capacity existing applications. On other hand, recent measurements suggest that many portions of licensed (primary) spectrum remain unused significant periods time. This has led regulatory bodies to consider opening up under-utilized frequency bands opportunistic access by unlicensed (secondary) users. Among different options, sensing-based incurs very low...

The increasing demand for the radio spectrum along with inefficient usage of licensed bands has led regulatory bodies to consider opening up under-utilized frequency dynamic access by unlicensed users. Such is envisioned resolve scarcity allowing users opportunistically utilize white spaces across on a non-interfering basis. Cognitive networks offer promising realization this novel paradigm, thanks their ability autonomously identify through sensing. Implementation such networks, however,...

Motivated by the low utilization of licensed spectrum across many frequency bands, sensing-based oppor- tunistic access has recently emerged as an alternative to outdated exclusive policy. Under this new paradigm, a secondary (unlicensed) user monitors primary (licensed) band for given time and opportunistically transmits if it does not detect any ongoing operations. Evidently, selection sensing parameters involves balanc- ing tradeoff between speed quality with which senses band. With...

Collaborative spectrum sensing enables opportunistic unlicensed access to the unused portions of licensed spectrum. We characterize performance degradation collaborative due correlated shadowing by deriving a lower-bound on probability missing opportunities for access. Moreover, we evaluate effective number collaborating users in terms distance spread network and characteristics propagation environment. This has practical implications protocol design as having few collaborate over large may...

As the services and requirements of next-generation wireless networks become increasingly diversified, it is estimated that current frequency bands mobile network operators (MNOs) will be unable to cope with immensity anticipated demands. Due spectrum scarcity, there has been a growing trend among stakeholders toward identifying practical solutions make most productive use exclusively allocated on shared basis through sharing mechanisms. However, due technical complexities these mechanisms,...

Abstract Opportunistic unlicensed access to the (temporarily) unused frequency bands across licensed radio spectrum is currently being investigated as a means mitigate scarcity. Such opportunistic calls for implementation of safeguards so that ongoing operations are not interfered with. Among different candidates, sensing‐based access, where secondary (unlicensed) users transmit if they sense primary (licensed) band be free, particularly appealing due its low deployment cost and...

This paper investigates a data centric approach for future regulatory spectrum management (SM). Spectrum sensing are collected by environment awareness system built on cloud-based service of Internet Things. The used to characterize channel behaviors and establish sharing predictor model which enables set efficient machine learning algorithms automated decision making. performance the process is evaluated, illustrating feasibility potential this novel SM approach.

In this paper, measurements from a spectrum awareness system are used to study the application of machine learning methods in dynamic assignment for Land Mobile Radio (LMR). Specifically, deep recurrent neural network is learn time-varying distributions users' traffic, which turn, help determine best and sharing strategies LMR bands. Using RF data, simulations conducted validate evaluate suitability chosen methodology. It shown that approaches have great potential characterizing usage...

Abstract Background Among non-pharmaceutical interventions, individual movement restrictions have been among the most impactful methods for controlling COVID-19 case growth. While nighttime curfews to control growth implemented in certain regions and cities, few studies examined their impacts on mobility or incidence. In second wave of COVID-19, Canada’s two largest adjacent provinces lockdown with (Quebec) without (Ontario) a curfew, providing natural experiment study association between...

Wireless spectrum regulation is a complex and demanding process due to the rapid pace of technological progress, increasing demand for spectrum, multitude stakeholders with potentially conflicting interests, alongside significant economic implications. To navigate this, regulators must engage effectively all parties, keep global technology trends, conduct technical evaluations, issue licenses in timely manner, comply various legal policy frameworks. In light these challenges, this paper...

Dynamic spectrum access using cognitive radios has been proposed as an approach to meet the increasing demand for radio spectrum. Under this novel paradigm unlicensed are allowed utilize white spaces across licensed on a non-interfering basis. Realization of t

Recently, the topic of cognitive radio has spurred a lot interest within both academic and regulatory circles. Cognitive radios are envisioned to be capable improving spectrum utilization as well coexistence among wireless networks. However, relatively low-cost research platform for implementation demonstration concepts in typical network scenario is still lacking. To address this issue, we have developed CORAL which modifies operation devices collectively perform essential tasks such...

In this paper, crowd-sourced mobile speed-test measurements from users of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks are fused with other information about user's context and radio access network (RAN) deployment to train a data-driven predictive model LTE download upload throughputs. The is built using state-of-the-art gradient boosted decision tree algorithm capable capturing the complex relationships among various attributes our dataset. Our results indicate that leveraging both...

Spectrum occupancy prediction is a key enabler of agile and proactive decision-making for dynamic spectrum management. In this paper, state-of-the- art statistical models machine learning methods are evaluated on real-world time series measured in the Land Mobile Radio bands. While there no universally best method forecasting usage data, significant accuracy improvements shown to be achievable by selecting suitable different frequencies. Motivated observation, we treat problem automating...

Increased wireless network intelligence and interference awareness enabled by cognitive radio can lead to improved spectrum utilization performance. Using a platform developed Communication Research Centre Canada (CRC), in this work we propose implement novel Dynamic Channel Selection (DCS) algorithm for of sectorized WiFi cells. The proposed leverages the ability underlying continuously monitor identify sources relieves operator having manually configure update channels across network....

In recent years, the rapid increase in location-based services has sparked a growing interest localization. Typically, when GPS is unavailable, many of these rely on locations nearby network infrastructure, notably cell towers, to locate smartphone devices. Although tower are known each mobile operator, this information not publicly available countries, and instead, estimated via simple heuristic algorithms that hand-crafted features. paper, we devise novel image classification formulation...

In this paper, measurements from a spectrum monitoring system are used to investigate sharing scenarios in Land Mobile Radio (LMR) bands. Specifically, channel characteristics which demonstrate opportunities the time domain 450 and 800 MHz LMR bands presented. Based on data, network simulations conducted evaluate performance impacts when exploited improve utilization. The results provide improved understanding of appropriate use models for capturing scenarios. It is shown that intelligent...

Understanding the extent and quality of wireless coverage provided by cellular networks is a key challenge for service providers as well spectrum regulators. Conventionally, build maps running expensive drive-test campaigns in controlled fashion then spatially interpolating measurements. With advent crowd-sourcing applications providing performance data mobile users however, there potential to directly characterize using large amounts user-reported data. In this paper, we fuse crowd-sourced...

Beyond 3G high speed cellular systems like HDR use a downlink shared channel to provide users with services which are in many cases non real time. Each base station schedules transmissions its one by fashion and transmits at full power. In order maintain an acceptable degree of fairness among we should either assign more time slots the cell boundary experiencing higher interference or other means intercell coordination reduce ' received interference. This paper proposes fixed distributed...

In this paper we describe the process that undertook to build a configurable wireless platform can be used implement cognitive radio network (CRN) architectures. Consisting of commodity IEEE 802.11 a/b/g (WiFi) router at physical (PHY) layer and RF signal processing IP traffic shaping circuitry, resultant hybrid terminal (called WiFi CR) becomes building block femtocells, point multipoint, mesh, relay networks. The addressable CR terminals sense their environment, schedule packet...

Database coordinated access of mid-band shared spectrum is being adopted by many regulatory bodies globally. However, the interference protection criteria typically overly conservative, restricting number new entrants to environment. Further, database-driven sharing systems frequently use a limited amount data authorise access. This paper details different types that could be incorporated into future database assisted and highlights some achievable gains using more determine aggregate thresholds.