The influence of the shape and dimensions plant constituents on backscattering agricultural vegetation is investigated. Multifrequency multitemporal polarimetric data, collected at C- L-bands by means airborne satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR), showed that relations between crops biomass depend type, there are different trends for "narrow" "broad" leaf crops. In latter crops, increases with an increase in biomass, especially L-band. This behavior typical media which scattering...

Polarimetric radar data collected by AIRSAR and SIR-C over agricultural fields, forests, olive groves of the Italian Montespertoli site are analyzed. The objective is to investigate capability in discriminating among various vegetation species its sensitivity arboreous biomass. Results indicate that a combined use P(0.45 GHz) L- (1.2 bands allows one discriminate between fields other targets, while C- (5.3 authors within areas. To monitor biomass, P-band gives best results for forests...

It is known that microwave emission for soil partially polarized, whereas the polarization degree of radiation from crops either very small or equal to zero. The effect vegetation on polarized analyzed by means a model based radiative transfer theory. A comparison between values predicted and experimental data obtained at 10 36 GHz shows particularly adequate corn GHz, in which case different leaf area index can be estimated. At changes rapidly as grows it possible distinguish only bare...

Soil moisture content (SMC) and above-ground biomass (AGB) are key parameters for the understanding of both hydrological carbon cycles. From an economical perspective, SMC AGB play a significant role in agricultural sector, one most relevant markets worldwide. This paper assesses sensitivity Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reflected signals to soil vegetation from experimental point view. For that, three scientific flights were performed order acquire GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R)...

Microwave radiation from a canopy cover depends primarily on the vegetation's thermal and dielectric properties; latter are dependent plant biometrical parameters water content. Emission measurements carried out by means of ground-based X-and Ka-band radiometers have shown that crop coverage soil can be detected through spectral signatures bare vegetation. Moreover, measured brightness temperature radiative transfer theory for scattering medium allow estimation absorption properties canopy....

In this paper, we present an intercomparison of algorithms for retrieving soil moisture content (SMC) from ENVIronmental SATtellite (ENVISAT)/Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar images. The taken into consideration were a feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) with two hidden layers, statistical approach based on Bayes' theorem, and iterative algorithm the nelder-mead direct-search method. comparison was carried out by using both simulated experimental data. Simulated data obtained means...

The use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals for remote sensing applications, generally referred to as GNSS-Reflectometry (GNSS-R), is gaining increasing interest among the scientific community a tool land applications. This paper describes long term experimental campaign in which an extensive dataset GNSS-R polarimetric measurements was acquired over crop field from ground-based stationary platform. Ground truth ancillary data were also continuously recorded during whole...

The objective of this paper is to propose a new semi-empirical radar backscattering model for bare soil surfaces based on the Dubois model. A wide dataset coefficients extracted from synthetic aperture (SAR) images and in situ surface parameter measurements (moisture content roughness) used. retrieval parameters SAR remains challenging because available models have limited performances. Existing models, physical, semi-empirical, or empirical, do not allow reliable estimate geophysical all...

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the most used radar backscattering models (Integral Equation Model “IEM”, Oh, Dubois, and Advanced Integral “AIEM”) using a wide dataset SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data experimental soil measurements. These forward reproduce coefficients ( σ 0 ) from surface characteristics (dielectric constant, roughness) sensor parameters (radar wavelength, incidence angle, polarization). analysis composed AIRSAR, SIR-C, JERS-1, PALSAR-1, ESAR, ERS, RADARSAT, ASAR...

The sensitivity of microwave emission at different frequencies to soil moisture in bare and vegetated soils has been investigated using experimental data. Since the best frequency for measurement (L-band) is absent current satellite sensors, it necessary seek alternative solutions. An algorithm proposed retrieval based on both brightness temperature polarization index C-band, one that able correct effect vegetation by means X-band. tested data collected with airborne radiometers agricultural...

A comparative evaluation of the potential active and passive microwave sensors in estimating vegetation biomass soil moisture content is carried out. For this purpose, experimental data collected on an agricultural area by airborne scatterometers radiometers during AGRISCATT AGRIRAD 1988 campaigns have been used. The results show that both backscattering emission are sensitive to over a wide frequency range. Multifrequency observations seem offer good probabilities for separating leaf from...

This paper investigates the possibility of estimating soil moisture content (SMC) on a global scale from dual-frequency (C- and X-bands) microwave data Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E). Because some anomalous behavior was occasionally found in AMSR-E C- X-band data, calibration check compared with measurements SSM/I sensor over two reference targets, namely Russian evergreen forest sea surface, both which have already been studied past. The algorithm...

Abstract. A systematic and timely monitoring of land surface parameters that affect the hydrological cycle at local global scales is primary importance in obtaining a better understanding geophysical processes managing environmental resources as well natural disasters. Soil moisture snow water equivalent are two quantities play major role these applications. In this paper an algorithm for purposes (called hereinafter HydroAlgo), which able to generate maps depth (SD) soil content (SMC) from...

In this paper, an approach for estimating the soil moisture content (SMC) in arid environment Tunisia is presented. countries characterized by and semi-arid climate, it very important to obtain reliable estimates of evolution water management purposes, order reduce wastes properly schedule agricultural practices. On other hand, retrieval SMC often hampered small humidity range (below 10%). A algorithm aiming at based on artificial neural networks (ANN) has therefore been implemented, using...

In this study, the capability of Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry in evaluating forest biomass from space has been investigated by using data coming TechDemoSat-1 (TDS-1) mission Surrey Technology Ltd. and Cyclone (CyGNSS) NASA. The analysis first conducted TDS-1 on a local scale, selecting five test areas located different parts Earth's surface. were chosen as examples various coverages, including equatorial boreal forests. Then, extended CyGNSS to global any type coverage....

Remote sensing of vegetation by using active microwave sensors is important for the management land and water resources. Microwave radiation at X-band penetrates only upper part canopy; thus, radar backscattering comes mainly from top layer, making scattering soil almost negligible. Fourteen in situ measurement campaigns were carried out during which sixteen SAR images COSMO-SkyMed TerraSAR-X acquired on test site Merguellil Basin, centre Tunisia, March to May 2012. A clear sensitivity...

In this paper, multifrequency synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images from ALOS/PALSAR, ENVISAT/ASAR and Cosmo-SkyMed sensors were studied for forest classification in a test area Central Italy (San Rossore), where detailed in-situ measurements available. A preliminary discrimination of the main land cover classes types was carried out by exploiting synergy among L-, C- X-bands different polarizations. SAR data preliminarily inspected to assess capabilities discriminating non-forest separating...

Abstract The potential of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in monitoring soil and vegetation parameters is being evaluated extensive investigations, worldwide. A significant experiment on this subject, the Multi-sensor Airborne Campaign (MAC 91), was carried out summer 1991 several sites Europe, based NASA/JPL polarimetric (AIR-SAR). site Montespertoli (Italy) imaged three times during campaign at P-, L-, C-band different incidence angles between 20° 50°. Calibrated full data collected over...

Abstract The accuracy achievable in the surface soil moisture measurement of rough bare and vegetated soils, typical Italian landscape, has been investigated by using microwave experimental data collected means a multi-band sensor package (L, X, Ka infrared bands). thickness that mainly affects emission at three frequencies assessed. sensitivity L band to content layer about 5 cm thick confirmed, as well attenuation effect due roughness presence vegetation. A correction criterion based on...

In this paper, we report the results of an experimental study aimed toward investigating microwave emission from forests. The experiment was carried out in 2006 on two forest stands poplar ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Populus alba)</i> and pine xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(Pinus italica</i> ), using ground-based radiometers at L-, C-, X-, Ku-, Ka-bands, H V polarizations. Measurements were performed different...