A5091572462- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting
- Human Rights and Development
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare
- Intellectual Property and Patents
- Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Public Health in Brazil
- Biotechnology and Related Fields
- Innovations in Medical Education
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Disaster Response and Management
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
University Medical Center Groningen
2013-2024
University of Groningen
2013-2024
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
2019
Health Action International
2019
Boston University
2017
Lancet Laboratories
2015
World Health Organization
1991-2011
World Health Organization - Pakistan
1989-2008
Ratio
2001
Presbyterian University, Ghana
1986-1987
Most countries have acceded to at least one global or regional covenant treaty confirming the right health.After years of international discussions on human rights, many governments are now moving towards practical implementation their commitments.A example may be help those who aim translate obligations into practice.WHO's Essential Medicines Programme is an how this transition from legal principles achieved.This programme has been consistent with rights since its inception in early 1980s,...
Millions of people, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, lack access to effective pharmaceuticals, often because they are unaffordable. The 2001 Ministerial Conference the World Trade Organization (WTO) adopted Doha Declaration on TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement Public Health. declaration recognized implications intellectual property rights for both new medicine development price medicines. outlined measures, known as flexibilities, that WTO...
In the wake of escalating medicine prices worldwide, <b>Veronika Wirtz and colleagues</b> argue for refocusing WHO Model List Essential Medicines on needs low middle income countries, while retaining its global relevance as a model process
OBJECTIVE--To determine whether present methods of international transport essential drugs by sea adversely affect their quality. DESIGN--Controlled longitudinal study drug shipments sent from Unicef in Copenhagen to Lagos; Mombasa and land Kampala; Bangkok. 11 were stored four locations on board the ships. SETTING--Main shipping routes Unicef, Copenhagen, tropical countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Temperature relative humidity test packs during journey. Amount active ingredient before after...
The Access to Medicine Index, an independent initiative, ranks the world's 20 largest research-based pharmaceutical companies according their efforts make products more available, affordable, and accessible in developing countries.
More alternatives have become available for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in low- middle-income countries. Because increasing demands, governments are now facing a problem limited affordability availability essential medicines. Yet, precise information about access to these medicines is limited, methodology not very well developed. We assessed Mexico, compared their prices against those other countries region.We surveyed 21 public hospitals 19 private pharmacies 8 states Mexico. Data...
To describe and compare the health system responses for type 1 diabetes in Kyrgyzstan, Mali, Peru Tanzania.The Rapid Assessment Protocol Insulin Access, a multi-level assessment of system, was implemented Tanzania using document reviews, site visits interviews to assess delivery care access insulin.Despite existence noncommunicable or strategies Universal Health Coverage policies including diabetes-related supplies, this has not necessarily translated into insulin all. related supplies were...
This study outlines a method for developing reference values the WHO core prescribing indicators using survey-derived morbidity data and locally appropriate treatment guidelines developed by panel of health care providers. Ten (10) facilities were selected randomly from two states in Nigeria (Edo Delta). A retrospective cross-sectional survey prevalence severity clinical problems seen these was carried out minimum 100 medical records per facility. providers reviewed relevant information on...
The World Health Organization recommends establishing and implementing a national pharmaceutical policy (NPP) to guarantee effective equitable access medicines. Mexico has implemented several approaches regulate the sector, but it no formal NPP. This article describes approach that Mexican government taken improve availability affordability of essential Descriptive analysis public proposals health action plans on basis publicly available data progress reports, with focus pooled procurement,...
In 2008 the UN Special Rapporteur on Right to Health published 72 right health indicators in 194 systems. We present a follow-up report of eight for access medicines serve as reference point progress towards SDG Target 3.8 essential medicines. Data these 2015 were collected and compared with report. Between we observed increased numbers constitutions recognising (7–13 countries), countries national medicine policy (118–122) list (78–107). Public spending pharmaceuticals decreased or rose...
Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to ensure that all people have access services including essential medicines without risking financial hardship. Yet, in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) inadequate UHC fails universal protect the poor vulnerable against catastrophic spending event of illness. A human rights approach national legislation could remedy these inequities. This study identifies compares legal texts from promote 16 mostly LMICs: Algeria, Chile, Colombia, Ghana,...