Abstract A warm anomaly in the upper ocean, colloquially named “the Blob,” appeared Gulf of Alaska during calm winter 2013–2014, spread across northern North Pacific (NP) Ocean, and shifted eastward onto Oregon shelf. At least 14 species copepods occurred which had never been observed shelf/slope waters off Oregon, some are known to have NP Gyre affinities, indicating that source coastal “Blob” were likely both offshore (from west) subtropical/tropical origin. The anomalously conditions...

Abstract. The mean dynamic topography (MDT) is a key reference surface for altimetry. It needed the calculation of ocean absolute topography, and under geostrophic approximation, estimation currents. CNES-CLS solutions are calculated by merging information from altimeter data, GRACE, GOCE gravity field oceanographic in situ measurements (drifting buoy velocities, hydrological profiles). objective this paper to present newly updated CNES-CLS18 MDT. main improvement compared previous...

Insight into the dependence of benthic communities on biological and physical processes in nearshore pelagic environments, long considered a "black box," has eluded ecologists. In rocky intertidal at Oregon coastal sites 80 km apart, differences abundance sessile invertebrates, herbivores, carnivores, macrophytes low zone were not readily explained by local scale hydrodynamic or conditions (wave forces, surge flow, air temperature during tide). Field experiments employing predator herbivore...

Data from the Coastal Transition Zone (CTZ) experiment are used to describe velocity fields and water properties associated with cold filaments in California Current. Combined previous field surveys satellite imagery, these show seasonal variability maximum dynamic height ranges velocities summer minimum values late winter early spring. North of Point Arena (between 39°N 42°N) spring‐summer flow on outer edge has character a meandering jet, carrying fresh, nutrient‐poor farther north its...

Seasonal cycles of coastal wind stress, adjusted sea level (ASL), shelf currents, and water temperatures off the west coast North America (35°N to 48°N) are estimated by fitting annual semiannual harmonics data from 1981–1983. Longer records (9–34 years) monthly ASL indicate that these two adequately represent long‐term average seasonal cycle current measurement period is long enough estimate cycles. We characterize differences between fall/winter spring/summer as follows: For fall/winter,...

Past measurements off the coast of central Oregon and Washington have shown that rapid change from northward monthly mean winter winds to southward summer forces a “spring transition” coastal ocean: sea levels temperatures drop, surface currents shift southward. Current water temperature data 35°N 48°N 1981 1982, level wind stress 1971–1975 1980–1983, show transition large alongshore scale, typically 500 2000 km; large‐scale appears be forcing mechanism at latitudes north approximately 37°N....

and NPGO) clarified their largescale regional-scale dynamics.This has brought improved understanding of the mechanisms large-scale Pacific climate variability regionalscale impacts on coastal ocean marine ecosystems.

The four components of the long-term annual mean net surface heating tropical Pacific Ocean between 30°N and 40°S are calculated portrayed. These flux elements were derived by using bulk formulas about 5 million marine weather reports for years 1957–76. In addition to illustrating solar, latent heat, infrared radiation sensible heat fluxes, values atmospheric variables which contribute those fluxes also illustrated. A simple error analysis is carried out from it concluded that 95% confidence...

Satellite and atmospheric model fields are used to describe the wind forcing, surface ocean circulation, temperature chlorophyll-a pigment concentrations along coast of southern Chile in transition region between 38° 46°S. Located inshore bifurcation eastward South Pacific Current into equatorward Humboldt poleward Cape Horn Currents, also includes Chiloé Inner Sea northern extent complex system fjords, islands canals that stretch south from near 42°S. The high resolution satellite data...

Over 30 years of hydrographic data from the northern Chile (18°S–24°S) upwelling region are used to calculate surface and subsurface seasonal climatology extending 400 km offshore. The interpolated a grid with sufficient spatial resolution preserve cross‐shelf gradients then presented as means within four seasons: austral winter (July‐September), spring (October‐December), summer (January‐March), fall (April‐June). Climatological monthly wind forcing, temperature, sea level three coastal...

On Oregon coastal rocky shores, filter‐feeders were relatively abundant and macrophytes scarce at Strawberry Hill, whereas opposite abundance patterns occurred Boiler Bay. To determine whether nearshore oceanographic differences associated with these patterns, we made shore‐based measurements of nutrient Chl a concentrations. We used three‐level nested design to identify ecologically appropriate sampling scales: “site” (10s km), “bench” within site (100s m), “location” bench m). Nutrients...

The first three years of SeaWiFS data (1997–2000) provide the most complete quantification to date chlorophyll seasonal variability along full latitudinal extent four major eastern boundary currents (EBCs). Comparisons previously published climatologies deduced from relatively sparse coverage provided by Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) show significant differences in both southern hemisphere EBCs, while northern regions are qualitatively similar. between and cross‐shelf Ekman transport...

Monthly composite images from the global coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) data set are used to provide an initial illustration and comparison of seasonal interannual variability phytoplankton pigment concentration along western coasts South North America in Peru Current system (PCS) California (CCS). The analysis utilizes entire time series available (November 1978 June 1986) form a mean annual cycle index for both latitudinal cross‐shelf regions within each current system. Within 100 km...

Physical and biological fields in the coastal transition zone off northern California were measured during February, March, May June 1987 an extended alongshore region between 60 km 150 offshore. The spring transition, as seen sea level winds, occurred mid‐March. Surface variability two cruises was stronger of larger scale than that winter cruises. An equatorward‐tending current, flowing along boundary low steric inshore high offshore, dominated both directly‐measured (acoustic Doppler...

Satellite‐derived pigment concentrations from the west coast time series (WCTS) are averaged into monthly mean fields over California Current system (CCS) for period July 1979 to June 1986. Errors caused by scattering algorithm used in WCTS reduced an empirical correction function, although winter values (November–February) remain unreliable. For March–October we look at both seasonal development and nonseasonal anomalies of concentration. These compared with alongshore wind stress, mixing...

Present methods used to retrieve altimeter data do not provide reliable estimates of sea surface height (SSH) in the nearshore region, resulting a measurement gap 25–50 km next coast. In present work, gridded SSH fields produced by Archiving, Validation, and Interpretation Satellite Oceanographic (AVISO) offshore region are combined with coastal tide gauge time series improve estimation that along west coast United States northern California Current System between 40° 45°N 123.8° 126°W. To...

The seasonal cycle of the near‐surface circulation off central Chile was analyzed using satellite altimetry and an oceanic model. To evaluate role wind stress curl on we performed two identical simulations except for wind‐forcing: “control run” used long‐term monthly mean “no‐curl a similar field, but without curl. observed modeled (control run) surface currents showed strong well‐defined equatorward flow with jet like‐structure. This develops during spring summer, consistent presence...

A high-resolution model is used to characterize the dominant patterns of sea surface salinity (SSS) variability generated by freshwater discharges Rio de la Plata (RdlP) and Patos/Mirim Lagoon in southwestern Atlantic region. We identify three modes SSS variability. The first two, which have been discussed previous studies, represent seasonal interannual variations plumes over continental shelf. third mode variability, has not hitherto, represents exchanges between shelf deep ocean....

Abstract Altimeter sea surface height (SSH) fields are analyzed to define and discuss the seasonal circulation over wide continental shelf in SW Atlantic Ocean (27°–43°S) during 2001–2012. Seasonal variability is low south of Rio de la Plata (RdlP), where winds currents remain equatorward for most year. Winds central northern parts our domain also autumn winter but reverse become poleward spring summer. Transports water deep ocean strongest summer offshore southeast RdlP. Details flow...

Continuous records of upper water column (0–150 m) temperature profiles, spectral distribution down welling irradiance, and phytoplankton solar‐induced fluorescence at 25 m depth were obtained during the inaugural deployment Hawaii Air‐sea Logging Experiment, A Long‐term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment (HALE ALOHA) mooring, near Ocean Time‐series (HOT) Station ALOHA (22°45′N; 158°00′W). The record showed a strong upwelling event in March–April 1997, displacing thermocline by 120 m. Remote...

Mean fields, seasonal cycles, and interannual variability are examined for fields of satellite‐derived chlorophyll pigment concentrations (CHL), sea surface height (SSH), temperature (SST) during 1997–2002. The analyses help to identify three dynamic regions: an upwelling zone next the coast, Ensenada Front in north, regions repeated meanders and/or eddy west southwest Point Eugenia. High values CHL found zone, diminishing offshore. exception is area north 31°N (the Front), where higher...

Two methods of estimating surface velocity vectors from advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data were applied to the same set images and results compared with in situ altimeter measurements. The first method used an automated feature‐tracking algorithm second inversion heat equation. 11 3 days July 1988 during Coastal Transition Zone field program included acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) velocities near‐surface drifters. two comparable their degree agreement data,...

[1] Alongshore transport was estimated from the gridded AVISO altimeter data and water level NOAA tide gauges (1993–2010) for northern California Current (NCC) system. The biomass of cold neritic copepods including Calanus marshallae, Pseudocalanus mimus Acartia longiremis (dominants in eastern Bering Sea, coastal Gulf Alaska, NCC) a 15 year time series zooplankton samples (1996–2010) collected biweekly at station 9 km off Newport Oregon U.S.A. alongshore currents exhibit strong seasonal...