A5052851905- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant and animal studies
- Orthoptera Research and Taxonomy
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Scarabaeidae Beetle Taxonomy and Biogeography
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Plant responses to water stress
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
Landscape Research Institute
2013-2023
Leipzig University
2022
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
2012-2013
Abstract Non-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand predict such changes, factors structuring communities need be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records insects fungi collected from dormant twigs 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries. Generalized dissimilarity models revealed similar relative importance...
Summary The anamorphic fungus C ryptostroma corticale ( X ylariaceae) causing s ooty bark disease SBD ) of A cer pseudoplatanus has been reported within the past decade in several E uropean countries. In last decade, severe drought conditions during summer also resulted an outbreak park areas P rague zech R epublic). Trees with typical syndromes were recorded four localities rague. Some trees located alluvial plain V ltava iver groundwater available all year long. We suppose that stressed by...
Beginning in 2006, a survey of two related Phytophthora species, P. multivora and plurivora, was performed the Czech Republic. Both pathogens were distributed throughout broad range environments including forest riparian stands probably became naturalised country. The species differed their frequency elevational distribution. less frequent, but commonly occurred lowest regions such as Central Bohemia South Moravia, i.e. areas which generally exhibit high level invasion. This isolated...
Bleeding canker and decline of riparian alder populations has been an important problem in many European countries, including the Czech Republic. Initially, 'alder Phytophthora' was isolated from damaged black trees western Bohemia near town Karlovy Vary 2001 (Černýet al., 2003). The exact species identification unknown at this time. Since its original discovery, we have similar Phytophthora innerbark conductive tissues declining Alnus glutinosa A. incana approximately 60 stands pathogen...
Due to its high tolerance acid rain, the North American Colorado blue spruce ( Picea pungens ) has been among most frequent substitute tree species used in reforestation programmes mountain forests Ore and Sudeten Mountains Czech Republic after destruction by sulphur dioxide pollution second half of last century. This was planted on more than 8800 ha destroyed forest stands alone. New plantations prospered until a massive outbreak gemmamyces bud blight, first identified 2009. The causal...
Ash dieback, caused by the ascomycete fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, has been rapidly expanding across Europe during last two decades, posing a considerable threat to native ash populations. In this study, we applied regression-based models trained field data, in conjunction with geographic information systems, produce spatial predictions of dieback severity and environmental suitability for disease Czech forests. A model actual relates extent silvicultural characteristics forest stands...
Phytophthora decline of riparian alder populations has recently become an important problem in many European countries, including the Czech Republic. The causal agent, alni, spread quickly Hundreds kilometres stands, especially western part country, have been severely affected to date. Diseased trees show symptoms characteristic root and collar rot; these include small, sparse yellowing foliage, crown dieback, presence exudates on bark necroses tissues. Infected usually die within a few...
Summary Sooty bark disease ( SBD ) caused by the pathogen Cryptostroma corticale is currently one of risks to population Acer pseudoplatanus in Europe. After a number records symptomatic and dead trees Prague, assessment latent non‐symptomatic stage was questioned as means forecast health risk A. population. We used two methods early detection C. trees: cultivation from wood tissue on agar plates culture‐free approach based nested PCR with newly designed species‐specific primers. The...
Abstract International trade in plants and climate change are two of the main factors causing damaging tree pests (i.e. fungi insects) to spread into new areas. To mitigate these risks, a large-scale assessment tree-associated insects is needed. We present records endophytic twigs 17 angiosperm gymnosperm genera, from 51 locations 32 countries worldwide. Endophytic were characterized by high-throughput sequencing 352 samples 145 species 28 countries. Insects reared 227 109 18 sorted...
Summary The impact of ash dieback caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus on 17 provenances Fraxinus excelsior and one provenance angustifolia was studied in an extensive field trial established the Czech Republic prior to H. invasion 1999. A difference level resistance between species found: F. significantly less affected disease than . Moreover, particular showed important differences relationship altitude also discovered – from altitudes above 600 m a.s.l. were pathogen lower areas. No among...
The influences of long-term flooding and Phytophthora alni subsp. infection on the growth development 4-year-old Alnus glutinosa (black alder) saplings were investigated. black alder divided into four groups then subjected to combinations both factors - flooded inoculated with pathogen, non-inoculated, non-flooded inoculated, control. biomass living roots actinorrhizae, increase in stem length, length leaves, rate chlorotic foliage, amount foliage necrosis assessed after seven weeks. Both...
In 2007, declining mature trees of common beech (Fagus sylvatica), horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), and white poplar (Populus alba) with bleeding cankers were found in several locations the Central Bohemia region. The morphological cultural characteristics isolates from diseased tissues consistent those Phytophthora cactorum (Erwin & Ribeiro, 1996). colonies stellate to rosaceous, appressed slight aerial mycelium on V8 agar. Radial growth was 8–14 mm day−1 at 20°C. Optimum...
Ornamental nurseries, garden centres, public gardens and urban greenery in the Czech Republic were surveyed 2006-2009 for presence of Phytophthora spp. diseases they cause on ericaceous plants. Diseased plants such as Rhododendron spp., Pieris floribunda, Vaccinium sp., Azalea sp. showed various symptoms including leaf spot, shoot blight, twig lesions or stem, root collar rot. Nearly 140 isolates collected from symptomatic different areas country. Of their surroundings, P. plurivora appeared...
The winter survival of the invasive pathogen Phytophthora alni subsp. in black alder stems was studied bankside stand Moravská Dyje River southern Bohemia after two very different seasons: cold 2008/2009, with average temperature -1.96°C, and extremely mild 2006/2007, 2.54°C. difference these winters resembles expected potential climate change Central Europe this century. After survived only 13.91% samples, rate 2.70%. much better successfully isolated from 86.09% 25.52%. Moreover, total...
Limits on the survival of P. alni subsp. (PAA) due to low temperature can be expected based previously published laboratory and field studies. This study presents a experiment test influence frost duration PAA viability. Ten isolates were incubated at different temperatures (–0.1, –2.5, –5.0, –7.5, –10.0 °C) durations (0 – 7, 14, 21, 28 days). A regression analysis confirmed significant both factors (low duration, their interaction) pathogen under conditions. The failure time showed that...
In the Czech Republic, Phytophthora alni was first confirmed in 2001 and pathogen has been quickly spreading occupying almost whole area of country. The attacks Alnus glutinosa or A. incana to a lesser extent causes considerable losses alder trees along hundreds kilometres riverbanks. aim our work perform identification P. isolates at subspecific level using PCR determine frequencies distribution particular subspecies. allele-specific primers focused on allele diversity orthologs ASF-like,...
Summary Twenty‐six commercial formulations of fungicides at six concentrations were evaluated in vitro for their efficacy on mycelial growth Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (anamorph Chalara fraxinea ). The results are presented as EC 50 , 90 and minimal inhibitory concentration values; the comparisons with recommended application showed that 10 26 highly effective ability to inhibit pathogen. eight most identified based multiple analysis azoxystrobin, bitertanol, captan (in two‐component...
) je v CR oblibenou dřevinou, ktera casto pěstovana okras-ných výsadbach. Kastanovnik jedlý velmi citlivý vůci tzv. inkoustove chorobě, se obvyklevyskytuje teplejsich oblastech Evropy a až dosud nebyla znama. V 90. letech 20. stoleti jsme za-znamenali rozsahle chřadnuti okrasne výsadbykastanovnikuve východnichCechach,ktere projevo-valo symptomy typickými pro inkoustovou chorobu. Později byl z nekrotizovaných pletiv kmenůchřadnoucich stromů izolovan původce choroby urcen jako
London plane (Platanus hispanica Mill.) is considered as very tolerant to pollution and other stresses in the Czech Republic it has been unaffected by important pathogens until now. However, recent years health status of significantly deteriorating. During an 11-year survey was found out that development damage characterized fluctuations. Minimum value population 3.6% maximum 97.5%. The negatively influenced long-term precipitation totals, higher total May, low average air temperatures...
The three experiments relating to the pathogenicity of Phytophthora cactorum beech and other forest tree species were carried out. aimed confirm pathogen, compare its with isolated from woody plants in Czech Republic (P. gonapodyides, P. cambivora, citricola s.l., cinnamomi, citrophthora), substrate specificity diverse common (common beech, pedunculate oak, sycamore, small-leaved lime, black alder, ash) determine influence excessive watering on stem canker development. We found out that...
Phytophthora alni is responsible for a devastating disease in alder and changes the environment of riparian carr ecosystems. One main approaches to solve this problem find naturally resistant genotypes using series artificial inoculation experiments, preserve use them programmes resistance breeding. However, results experiments (screening natural resistance) can be affected by several factors. The potential effect social status host, presence occurring P. infections, season size sections...
In pathogenic fungi and oomycetes, interspecific hybridization may lead to the formation of new species having a greater impact on natural ecosystems than parental species. From early 1990s, severe alder (Alnus spp.) decline due an unknown Phytophthora was observed in several European countries. Genetic analyses revealed that disease caused by triploid hybrid P. × alni, which originated Europe from uniformis multiformis. Here, we investigated population structure alni (158 isolates) (85...