A5037358395- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Climate change and permafrost
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Rural development and sustainability
- Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre
2014-2024
Scottish Enterprise
2013-2024
University of Glasgow
2014-2024
Newcastle University
2003-2007
The use of multi-isotopic analysis (δ15 N, δ13 C and δ34 S values) archaeological bone collagen to assist in the interpretation diet, movement mobility prehistoric populations is gradually increasing, yet many researchers have traditionally avoided investigating sulphur due its very low concentrations (<0.3%) mammalian collagen. For this reason, as a consequence analytical detection limits, usually measured separately from carbon nitrogen, which leads longer times higher costs.A Thermo...
The offshore islands of the North Atlantic were among some last settled places on earth, with humans reaching Faroes and Iceland in late Iron Age Viking period. While older accounts emphasizing deforestation soil erosion have presented this story island colonization as yet another social–ecological disaster, recent archaeological paleoenvironmental research combined environmental history, humanities, bioscience is providing a more complex understanding long-term human ecodynamics these...
Stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in human bone collagen are used routinely to aid the reconstruction ancient diets. Isotopic analysis remains from sites Iron Gates section Lower Danube Valley has led conflicting interpretations Mesolithic diets this key region southeast Europe. One view (Bonsall et al. 1997, 2004) is that were based mainly on riverine resources throughout Mesolithic. A competing hypothesis (Nehlich 2010) argues more varied with at least one Early site...
Previous stable isotope studies of modern and archaeological faunal samples from sites around Lake Mývatn, within the Mývatnssveit region northeast Iceland, revealed that an overlap existed between δ 15 N ranges terrestrial herbivores freshwater fish, while biota displayed 13 C values were comparable with marine resources. Therefore, this specific ecosystem, separation herbivores, fish as components human diet is complicated when only are measured. 34 S measurements carried out a previous...
ABSTRACT Objectives A previous multi‐isotope study of archaeological faunal samples from Skútustaðir, an early Viking age settlement on the southern shores Lake Mývatn in north‐east Iceland, demonstrated that there are clear differences δ 34 S stable isotope values between animals deriving their dietary protein terrestrial, freshwater, and marine reservoirs. The aim this was to use information more accurately determine diet humans excavated a nearby late churchyard. Materials Methods 13 C,...
Highlights•Tissues sampled from mice following graded calorie restriction (CR) study•Bone "collagen" δ15N increased with extent of CR, but δ13C decreased•C, N, and S content (%) measurements bone decreased CR extent•Keratin data may reflect slower hair growth/increased retention extentSummaryThis study characterized the effect on elemental stable isotope ratio keratin. Adult (10–40%; 84 days) showed δ15N, δ13C, δ34S values (significantly for δ15N) increasing alongside a significant increase...
Genetic investigations of Upper Palaeolithic Europe have revealed a complex and transformative history human population movements ancestries, with evidence several instances genetic change across the European continent in period following Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Concurrent these shifts, post-LGM is characterized by series significant climatic changes, expansions cultural diversification. Britain lies at extreme northwest corner expansion its earliest Late occupation remains unclear. Here...
To better comprehend the dietary practices of past populations in Eastern Baltic region we have created temporally and geographically restricted baselines for time period 200–1800 CE. In this multi-isotopic analysis, report new δ 13 C, 15 N 34 S values 251 faunal bone collagen samples from various archaeological contexts Estonia representing most comprehensive set Iron Age, Medieval Early Modern Period stable isotope to date. The results map out local carbon nitrogen define isotopic ranges...
Abstract Widespread permafrost thaw is underway as arctic regions warm at twice the rate of global average. Greenhouse gases (methane and carbon dioxide) released from thawing organic-rich soils contribute to a positive feedback loop that further accelerates warming. There an urgent need understand relationship between past conditions palaeoclimatic change, better predict present response ongoing future climate change. Through sulfur isotope analysis (δ 34 S) radiocarbon-dated bone collagen...
Kůlna Cave is the only site in Moravia, Czech Republic, from which large assemblages of both Magdalenian and Epimagdalenian archaeological materials have been excavated relatively secure stratified deposits. The therefore offers unrivalled opportunity to explore relationship between these two phases. In this study, we undertake radiocarbon, stable isotope (carbon, nitrogen sulphur), ZooMS analysis faunal assemblage chronological environmental context Our results show that deposits can be...
Nitrogen isotope ratio analysis (δ15N) of animal tissue is widely used in archaeology and palaeoecology to investigate diet ecological niche. Data interpretations require an understanding nitrogen compositions at the base food web (baseline δ15N). Significant variation δ15N has been recognised various spatiotemporal scales related changes both baseline δ15N, linked environmental climatic influence on terrestrial cycle, ecology. Isoscapes (models spatial variation) have proved a useful tool...
SNAr displacement reactions of 6-cyclohexylmethoxy-2-fluoropurine, 6-amino-2-butylsulfonyl-4-cyclohexylmethoxypyrimidine and 2-amino-6-chloropurine with substituted anilines (e.g. the weakly nucleophilic 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide) are dramaticallyaccelerated in presence trifluoroacetic acid occur especially efficiently 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol solvent.
Abstract Central Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was dominated by polar desert and steppe-tundra biomes. Despite this, a human presence this time period is evident at several locations across region, including in Switzerland, less than 50 km from Alpine ice sheet margin. It has been hypothesised that such activity may have restricted to brief periods of climatic warming within LGM, but chronological information many these sites are currently too poorly resolved corroborate this....
Human population growth and the technological advancements of 20th 21st centuries have significantly altered human-environment interactions led to unprecedented anthropogenic footprints on coastal ocean systems. Despite thousands years exploitation for subsistence and, later, commercial purposes, ecology mangrove fisheries along Brazilian coast consequences these activities remain poorly understood. This is largely due a pervasive lack historical baselines, highlights conservation crises...
Abstract Sheep and their wool were paramount to Viking Age economies. The importance of cannot be underestimated, especially as the woollen sail was implemented on ships in general during this period. This paper investigates sheep management landscape use Löddeköpinge Scania, southern Sweden, through a multiproxy approach, integrating multi‐isotope methods with zooarchaeological analysis. Using marketplace at case study, 18 mandibles analyzed isotope analyses δ 13 C, 15 N, 34 S, 87 Sr/ 86...
An efficient synthesis of 2-substituted O(4)-cyclohexylmethyl-5-nitroso-6-aminopyrimidines from 6-amino-2-mercaptopyrimidin-4-ol has been developed and used to prepare a range derivatives for evaluation as inhibitors cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). The structure-activity relationships (SARs) are similar those observed the corresponding O(6)-cyclohexylmethoxypurine series with 2-arylsulfonamide 2-arylcarboxamide showing excellent potency. Two compounds,...