Arabidopsis seedlings display rhythmic growth when grown under diurnal conditions, with maximal elongation rates occurring at the end of night short-day photoperiods. Current evidence indicates that this behavior involves action growth-promoting bHLH factors PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and 5 (PIF5) night, through a coincidence mechanism combines their transcriptional regulation by circadian clock control protein accumulation light. To assess possible role PIF3 in process, we have...

Significance This study defines a molecular mechanism by which clock- and light-signaling pathways converge in Arabidopsis. The data reveal that Timing of CAB expression 1 (TOC1), an essential core component the central oscillator, binds to represses Phytochrome-interacting factor (PIF) transcriptional activators, also are direct signaling partners phytochrome photosensory receptors. finding shows TOC1 functions as clock output transducer, directly linking oscillator pleiotropically acting...

Abstract Seed thermoinhibition, the repression of germination under high temperatures, prevents seedling establishment potentially fatal conditions. Thermoinhibition is relevant for phenology and agriculture, particularly in a warming globe. The temperature sensing mechanisms signaling pathways sustaining thermoinhibition are unknown. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana not autonomously controlled by embryo but rather implemented endosperm. High sensed through endospermic phyB...

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans. The cell wall the organism defines interface between and host tissues likely to play essential pivotal role in host-pathogen interaction. components critical this interaction are undefined. Immunoscreening a lambda expression library with sera raised against mycelial walls C. was used identify genes encoding surface proteins. One positive clones represented candidal gene that differentially expressed response changes pH culture...

Abstract The phytochrome (phy)-interacting basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors (PIFs) constitutively sustain the etiolated state of dark-germinated seedlings by actively repressing deetiolation in darkness. This action is rapidly reversed upon light exposure phy-induced proteolytic degradation PIFs. Here, we combined a microarray-based approach with functional profiling strategy and identified four PIF3-regulated genes misexpressed dark (MIDAs) that are novel regulators seedling...

ABSTRACT Borna disease virus (BDV) is a noncytolytic RNA that can replicate in the central nervous system (CNS) of mice. This study shows BDV multiplication was efficiently blocked transgenic mice express mouse alpha-1 interferon (IFN-α1) astrocytes. To investigate whether endogenous virus-induced IFN might similarly restrict BDV, we used IFNAR 0/0 mice, which lack functional alpha/beta (IFN-α/β) receptor. As would be expected if were important to control infection, found cultured embryo...

Two cDNA libraries were constructed from mRNAs obtained yeast cells and germ-tubes of Candida albicans in lambda gt11. Immunoscreening with polyclonal antibodies raised against cell wall components allowed the detection 29 positive clones. these clones selected for their specific reactivity antisera either (clone 11Y) or 24M). fragments isolated by digestion DNA EcoRI. Southern blot analysis as probes demonstrated homology C. DNA, Northern two transcripts detected sizes approximately 1.5 kb...

Immunoscreening of a mycelial expression library with polyclonal antibodies raised against cell wall resulted in the detection cDNA encoding heat shock protein Candida albicans. Sequence analysis 0.8-kb subclone, 2M-1, revealed an open reading frame 244 amino acids. Southern blot this fragment as probe demonstrated hybridization to C. albicans DNA. Northern showed substantial increase 2M RNA levels after cells were subjected shock. Western monospecific recognized 70-kDa which was present...

During seedling etiolation after germination in the dark, seedlings have closed cotyledons and form an apical hook to protect meristem as they break through soil reach surface. Once contact with light, opens are oriented upward separate. Hook development dark emergence from seed follows three distinctly timed sequential phases: formation, maintenance, eventual opening. We previously identified MISREGULATED IN DARK9 ( MIDA9 ) a phytochrome interacting factor (PIF)-repressed gene necessary for...

Plants need to accurately adjust their development after germination in the underground darkness ensure survival of seedling, both dark and light upon reaching soil surface. Recent studies have established that photoreceptors phytochromes bHLH phytochrome interacting factors PIFs regulate seedling it prevailing environment during post-germinative growth. However, complete understanding downstream regulatory network implementing these developmental responses is still lacking. In a recent...

In the course of an analysis functions and assembly cell wall Candida albicans, we have cloned characterized a gene, which designated CSP37 (cell surface protein), encoding 37-kDa polypeptide is membrane-associated protein. The gene was isolated by immunological screening DNA library constructed from mycelial cells with polyclonal serum raised against walls this morphology. Analysis nucleotide sequence corresponding genomic fragment revealed single open reading frame encodes predicted...

Following synthesis of its individual components, the cell wall Candida albicans is assembled extracellularly in two steps. First, a viscoelastic composite formed by noncovalent interactions between mannoproteins and other components. Second, initial network consolidated formation covalent cross-linkages among polymers. In both processes, specific proteins may regulate final yeast or mycelial morphology. These might carry out part what could be called morphogenetic code. Experimental results...

We have isolated a 4·0-kb fragment from genomic library of Candida albicans which contained two open reading frames (ORFs). One them is homologous to prolyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyses the charging specific tRNA by proline (CaPRS). A deduced sequence 575 amino acids representing polypeptide 66·2 kDa was determined. FASTA search indicated CaPRSp had an overall similarity 54·4% with product Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORF (YER087) and 43·8% Escherichia coli (COLIPRO). Consensus Class II...

Abstract Seed thermoinhibition, the repression of germination under high temperatures, prevents seedling establishment potentially fatal conditions. Thermoinhibition is relevant for ecology, phenology and agriculture, particularly in a warming globe. The temperature sensing mechanisms signaling pathways sustaining thermoinhibition are unknown. We found that Arabidopsis thaliana not autonomously controlled by embryo but rather implemented endosperm surrounding embryo. High sensed through...

We have isolated a 4·0-kb fragment from genomic library of Candida albicans which contained two open reading frames (ORFs). One them is homologous to prolyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyses the charging specific tRNA by proline (CaPRS). A deduced sequence 575 amino acids representing polypeptide 66·2 kDa was determined. FASTA search indicated CaPRSp had an overall similarity 54·4% with product Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORF (YER087) and 43·8% Escherichia coli (COLIPRO). Consensus Class II...