Thermal stress is an important factor in many industrial situations, athletic events and military scenarios. It can seriously affect the productivity health of individual diminish tolerance to other environmental hazards. However, assessment thermal translation terms physiological psychological strain complex. For over a century attempts have been made construct index, which will describe heat satisfactorily. The indices that suggested be categorized into one three groups: "rational...

A physiological strain index (PSI), based on rectal temperature (Tre) and heart rate (HR), capable of indicating heat online analyzing existing databases, has been developed. The rates the a universal scale 0-10. It was assumed that maximal Tre HR rise during exposure to exercise stress from normothermia hyperthermia 3 degrees C (36.5-39.5 C) 120 beats/min (60-180 beats/min), respectively. were assigned same weight functions as follows: PSI = 5(Tret - Tre0) . (39.5 Tre0)-1 + 5(HRt HR0) (180...

Exertional heat stroke: a case series. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 224-228, 1999. stroke (EHS) is state of extreme hyperthermia that occurs when excess generated by muscular exercise exceeds the body's ability to dissipate it at same rate. EHS thought coincide with previously healthy, highly motivated, and relatively untrained individuals exerting in hot environments for long periods. Purpose: To establish this notion, present study was aimed follow trends incidence period...

Exertional heatstroke is a life-threatening event. It occurs mainly among the young healthy populations of athletes and soldiers. The severity exertional directly correlated to area under temperature duration curve. Therefore, rapid cooling in field has an enormous effect on prognosis. Four cases are presented which differ their outcome. We argue that there "window time period" within simple effective techniques can determine

Individuals in the population who are not able to sustain heat and whose body temperature will start rising earlier at a higher rate than that of others, under same conditions, defined as "heat intolerant."The applicability tolerance test (HTT) identifying individuals' tolerance/intolerance is presented.HTT performed according following protocol: 120 minutes exposure 40 degrees C 40% relative humidity climatic chamber while walking on treadmill, dressed shorts T-shirt, pace 5 km/h 2%...

Stress fracture susceptibility results from accelerated bone remodeling after onset of novel exercise and may be reflected in turnover changes. It is unknown if the response to different between sexes. Purpose: To assess disparity sexes metabolism markers during military recruit training evaluate relationships factors that affect metabolism. Methods: Volunteers were age-matched men (n = 58) women 199), 19 yr old, entering gender-integrated combat training. Blood was collected at 0, 2, 4...

Appropriate and sufficient dietary intake is one of the main requirements for maintaining fitness health. Inadequate energy may have a negative impact on physical performance which result in injuries among physically active populations. The purpose this research was to evaluate possible relationship between stress fracture occurrence combat recruits during basic training (BT).Data collected from 74 (18.2 ± 0.6 yrs) Israeli Defense Forces. Data analyses included changes anthropometric...

Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) is a common characteristic of the cardiac cycle. Usually it evaluated by assuming that left ventricular ejection time (systole) constitutes constant proportion cycle (i.e. 1/3), regardless heart rate (HR). However, elevation HR during exercise results in reduction duration period and even greater filling period. Therefore, diastole/systole at various rates may be misleading. The purpose this study was therefore to evaluate accurate systolic from different...

A physiological strain index (PSI), based on rectal temperature (T re ) and heart rate (HR), was recently suggested for evaluating heat stress. The purpose of this study to evaluate the PSI different combinations hydration level exercise intensity. This applied two databases. first database obtained from eight endurance-trained men dehydrated four levels (1.1, 2.3, 3.4, 4.2% body wt) during 120 min cycling at a power output 62–67% maximum O 2 consumption (V˙o max in [33°C 50% relative...

The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the epidemiology overuse injuries and identify common risk factors for stress fractures among female male recruits in a new light infantry basic training designed minimize incidence injuries.Study subjects were 16-wk training. A control group noncombat medics whose military service did not include demanding physical activities recruited assess recruits' preinduction preparedness. Pretraining survey all participants' medical sports...

Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is the most dangerous heat-related injury. EHS may be followed by a state of intolerance. The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) performs tolerance tests (HTT) to all injury victims 6-8 wk following as part "return duty" process. HTT protocol and normal values are based on vast experience with young healthy men. Over last several years an increasing number female soldiers have been joining combat units. Heat injuries and, thus, among women become more frequent. Due...

ABSTRACT Physiological systems like bone respond to many genetic and environmental factors by adjusting traits in a highly coordinated, compensatory manner establish organ-level function. To be mechanically functional, should sufficiently stiff strong support physiological loads. Factors impairing this process are expected compromise strength increase fracture risk. We tested the hypotheses that individuals with reduced stiffness relative body size will show an increased risk of fracturing...